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Anchitheriinae ✝

Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)53170https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=53170
Ranksubfamily (PBDB)
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Perissodactyla : Equidae : Anchitheriinae
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
-PlacentaliaOwen 1837
orderPerissodactyla
suborderLophodontomorphaHooker and Dashzeveg 2004
infraorderEuperissodactylaHooker and Dashzeveg 2004
-Hippomorpha
superfamilyEquoideaHay 1902
familyEquidaeGray 1821
subfamilyAnchitheriinaeLeidy 1869
Common Nameanchitheriine horse
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Anchitheriinaesubfamilybelongs to Equidaestated without evidenceOsborn and Wortman, 1892
Anchitheriinaesubfamilybelongs to Equidaestated with evidencePrado and Alberdi, 1996
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)82
First Recorded Appearance46.2 - 40.4 Ma
Eocene
Last Recorded Appearance0.13 - 0.01 Ma
Pleistocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Eutheria)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietbrowser (based on Equidae)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Leidy. 1869. The extinct mammalian fauna of Dakota and Nebraska, including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America. Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 2:1-472

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Anchitherium ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		8637.2 Ma
Eocene		11.6 Ma
Miocene
Archaeohippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		7630.8 Ma
Oligocene		13.8 Ma
Miocene
Desmatippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		3830.8 Ma
Oligocene		0.13 Ma
Pleistocene
Hypohippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		10823.0 Ma
Miocene		11.6 Ma
Miocene
Kalobatippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		1330.8 Ma
Oligocene		20.4 Ma
Miocene
Megahippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		3423.0 Ma
Miocene		13.6 Ma
Miocene
Mesohippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		8140.4 Ma
Eocene		33.3 Ma
Oligocene
Miohippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		9746.2 Ma
Eocene		20.4 Ma
Miocene
Parahippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		6930.8 Ma
Oligocene		16.0 Ma
Miocene
Sinohippus ✝
genus		accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)		613.8 Ma
Miocene		5.33 Ma
Miocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1869Anchitheridae Leidy p. 302
1873Anchitheridae Leidy p. 322
1892Anchitheriinae Osborn and Wortman p. 93
1895Anchitheriinae Osborn and Wortman p. 352
1907Anchitheriinae Gidley p. 867
1955Anchitheriinae Quinn p. 12
1975Anchitheriinae Forsten p. 3
1989Anchitheriinae Prothero and Schoch p. 531
1996Anchitheriinae Prado and Alberdi p. 676
1998Anchitheriinae MacFadden p. 544

References

Leidy J. The extinct mammalian fauna of Dakota and Nebraska, including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 2, 1-472
Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358
Osborn H. F., Wortman J. L. Perissodactyls of the Lower Miocene White River beds, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 7 12, 343-375
Gidley J. W. (1907) Revision of the Miocene and Pliocene Equidae of North America, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23 35, 865-934
Quinn J. H. (1955) Miocene Equidae of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain, Bureau of Economic Geology, The University of Texas Report of Investigations 5516, 1-102
Forsten A. -M. (1975) The Fossil Horses of the Texas Gulf Coastal Plain: A Revision , Pearce-Sellards Series 22, 1-86
Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Classification of the Perissodactyla, The Evolution of Perissodactyla, 530-537
Prado J. L., Alberdi M. T. (1996) A cladistic analysis of the horses of the tribe Equini, Palaeontology 39 3, 663-680 doi:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2008.00824.x
MacFadden B. J. (1998) Equidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 537-559
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
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