| Source Data | |
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| Rank | family (PBDB) |
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| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Carnivora : Odobenidae |
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Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
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| Common Name | walrus |
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| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
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| Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Cope, 1889 | | Odobenidae | family | misspelling of Odobenidae | stated with evidence | Zoological Nomenclature, 1959 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated without evidence | Mitchell, 1961 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Kurten and Anderson, 1980 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated without evidence | Fay, 1985 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Berta et al., 1989 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated without evidence | Riedman, 1990 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | implied | Nowak, 1991 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Berta, 1991 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Carnivora | stated without evidence | Deméré, 1994 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Phocomorpha | stated without evidence | Berta, 1994 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated with evidence | Deméré, 1994 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Berta, 1994 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated without evidence | Horikawa, 1995 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Kohno et al., 1995 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Phocoidea | stated without evidence | Rice, 2002 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Phocomorpha | stated without evidence | Berta, 2002 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated with evidence | Deméré et al., 2003 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Carnivora | stated without evidence | Kohno, 2006 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated without evidence | Koretsky and Barnes, 2006 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Kohno and Ray, 2008 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Phocoidea | stated without evidence | Rice, 2009 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated with evidence | Berta, 2009 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Otarioidea | stated with evidence | Fulton and Strobeck, 2010 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Boessenecker, 2013 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated with evidence | Boessenecker et al., 2018 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedia | stated without evidence | Berta, 2018 | | Odobenidae | family | belongs to Pinnipedimorpha | stated without evidence | Kienle and Berta, 2019 |
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| Status (PBDB) | extant |
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| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 50 |
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| Extant Size (PBDB) | 9 (18%) |
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| First Recorded Appearance | 23.0 - 16.0 Ma
Miocene |
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| Environment | marine (based on Pinnipedia) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) |
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| Diet | insectivore (based on Odobenidae) |
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| Reproduction | viviparous (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Ontogeny | modification of parts (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Taphonomy | hydroxylapatite (based on Pinnipedimorpha) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | J. A. Allen. 1880. History of North American Pinnipeds. US Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, Miscellaneous Publications 12:1-785 |
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| Allen J. A. History of North American Pinnipeds, US Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, Miscellaneous Publications 12, 1-785 |
| Gill T. Prodrome of a monograph of the pinnipedes, Proceedings of the Essex Institute 5 1, 1-13 |
| Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29 |
| Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868 |
| Kellogg R. (1922) Pinnipeds from Miocene and Pleistocene deposits of California, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 13 4, 23-132 |
| Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074 |
| Mitchell E. D. (1961) A new walrus from the imperial Pliocene of Southern California: with notes on odobenid and otariid humeri, Los Angeles County Museum Contributions in Science 44, 1-28 |
| Scheffer V. B., Rice D. W. (1963) A list of the marine mammals of the world, United States Fish and Wildlife Service Special Scientific Report - Fisheries 431, 1-12 |
| Burns J. J., Fay F. H. (1970) Comparative morphology of the skull of the Ribbon seal, Histriophoca fasciata, with remarks on the systematics of Phocidae, Journal of Zoology 161, 363-394 |
| Repenning C. A., Tedford R. H. (1977) Otarioid seals of the Neogene, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 992, 1-93 |
| Kurten B., Anderson E. (1980) , Pleistocene mammals of North America, 1-442 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Tomida Y. (1989) A new walrus (Carnivora, Odobenidae) from the middle Pleistocene of the Boso Peninsula, Japan, and its implication on odobenid paleobiology, Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Series C (Geology & Paleontology) 15 3, 109-119 |
| Riedman M. (1990) The Pinnipeds: Seals, Sea Lions, and Walruses, 1-439 |
| Berta A. (1991) New Enaliacrtos* (Pinnipedimorpha) from the Oligocene and Miocene of Oregon and the role of "enaliarctids" in pinniped phylogeny, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 69, 1-33 |
| Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II |
| Berta A. (1994) New specimens of the pinnipediform Pteronarctos from the Miocene of Oregon, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 78, 1-30 |
| Deméré T. A. (1994) Two new species of fossil walruses (Pinnipedia: Odobenidae) from the Upper Pliocene San Diego Formation, California, Proceedings of the San Diego Society of Natural History 29, 77-98 |
| Horikawa H. (1995) A primitive odobenine walrus of Early Pliocene age from Japan, The Island Arc 3, 309-328 |
| Kohno N., Tomida Y., et al (1995) Pliocene tusked odobenids (Mammalia: Carnivora) in the Western North Pacific, and their paleobiogeography, Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo Series C (Geology & Paleontology) 21 3, 4, 111-131 |
| Rice D. W. (1998) Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution, The Society for Marine Mammalogy Special Publication 4, 1-231 |
| Deméré T. A., Berta A., et al (2003) Pinnipedimorph evolutionary biogeography, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 279, 32-76 |
| Kohno N. (2006) A new Miocene odobenid (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Hokkaido, Japan, and its implications for odobenid phylogeny, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 26 2, 411-421 |
| Koretsky I. A., Barnes L. G. (2006) Pinniped Evolutionary History and Paleobiogeography, Mesozoic and Cenozoic Vertebrates and Paleoenvironments: Tributes to the career of Prof. Dan Grigorescu, 143-153 |
| Barnes L. G. (2008) Otarioidea, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 2, 523-541 |
| Kohno N., Ray C. E. (2008) Pliocene walruses from the Yorktown Formation of Virginia and North Carolina, and a systematic revision of the North Atlantic Pliocene walruses, Virginia Museum of Natural History Special Publication 14, 39-80 |
| Berta A. (2009) Pinniped Evolution, Encyclopedia of Marine Mammal Evolution, 861-868 |
| Fulton T. L., Strobeck C. (2010) Multiple fossil calibrations, nuclear loci and mitochondrial genomes provide new insight into biogeography and divergence timing for true seals (Phocidae, Pinnipedia), Journal of Biogeography 37, 814-829 |
| Boessenecker R. W. (2013) A new marine vertebrate assemblage from the Late Neogene Purisima Formation in Central California, part II: Pinnipeds and Cetaceans, Geodiversitas 35 4, 815-939 doi:10.5252/g2013n4a5 |
| Berta A. (2017) , The Rise of Marine Mammals: 50 Million Years of Evolution, 1-198 |
| Berta A. (2018) Pinniped evolution, Encyclopedia of Marine Mammals, 712-722 |
| Boessenecker S. J., Boessenecker R. W., et al (2018) Youngest record of the extinct walrus Ontocetus emmonsi from the Early Pleistocene of South Carolina and a review of North Atlantic walrus biochronology, Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 63 2, 279-286 doi:10.4202/app.00454.2018 |
| Velez-Juarbe J. (2018) New data on the early odobenid Neotherium mirum Kellogg, 1931, and other pinniped remains from the Sharktooth Hill Bonebed, California, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 38 4, e1481080 doi:10.1080/02724634.2018.1481080 |
| Kienle S. S., Berta A. (2019) The evolution of feeding strategies in phocid seals (Pinnipedia, Phocidae), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology, e1559172 |
Odobenidae
