| Source Data | |
|---|
| Rank | subclass (PBDB) |
|---|
| Taxonomy (PBDB) | Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Theria |
|---|
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF) | |
|---|
| Opinions (PBDB) | | Name | Rank | Opinion | Evidence | Author |
|---|
| Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Gregory, 1910 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated with evidence | Huene, 1940 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Sloan and Van Valen, 1965 | | Theria | unranked clade | belongs to Mammalia | stated with evidence | Gardiner, 1982 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Lillegraven and McKenna, 1986 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | implied | Carroll, 1988 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Prothero and Schoch, 1989 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Boreosphenida | stated with evidence | Luo et al., 2003 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Averianov and Archibald, 2005 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Boreosphenida | stated with evidence | Luo et al., 2011 | | Theria | subclass | belongs to Mammalia | stated without evidence | Hunt, 2011 | | Theria | unranked clade | belongs to Zatheria | stated without evidence | Averianov and Lopatin, 2011 |
|
|---|
| Status (PBDB) | extant |
|---|
| Taxon Size (PBDB) | 1,561 |
|---|
| Extant Size (PBDB) | 330 (21%) |
|---|
| First Recorded Appearance | 209 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic |
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| Environment | terrestrial (based on Mammalia) |
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| Motility | actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes) |
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| Diet | insectivore (based on Theria) |
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| Reproduction | viviparous (based on Theria) |
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| Ecospace Comments | both Eomaia and Sinodelphys are scansorial and insectivorous, as is the stem-group taxon Jeholodens, so these characteristics optimize as being primitive for Theria (Luo et al. 2003) |
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| Taphonomy | phosphatic (based on Vertebrata) |
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| Primary Reference (PBDB) | T. J. Parker and W. A. Haswell. 1897. A Text-Book of Zoology II:xx-680 |
|---|
| Parker T. J., Haswell W. A. , A Text-Book of Zoology II, xx-680 |
| Gregory W. K. (1910) The orders of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 27, 1-524 |
| Simpson G. G. (1929) American Mesozoic Mammalia, Memoirs of the Peabody Museum of Yale University 3 1, 1-171 |
| Huene F. v. (1940) , Fossilium Catalogus. I: Animalia. Pars 93: Mammalia Triadica, 1-13 |
| Sloan R. E., Van Valen L. (1965) Cretaceous mammals from Montana, Science 148 3667, 220-227 |
| Olson E. C. (1966) Community evolution and the origin of mammals, Ecology 47 2, 291-302 |
| McKenna M. C. (1975) Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia, Phylogeny of the Primates, Plenum Publishing, New York, 21-46 |
| Prothero D. R. (1981) New Jurassic mammals from Como Bluff, Wyoming, and the interrelationships of non-tribosphenic Theria, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 167 5, 277-326 |
| Bonaparte J. F. (1986) Sobre Mesungulatum houusayi y nuevos mamíferos Cretácicos de Patagonia, Argentina [On Mesungulatum houssayi and new Cretaceous mammals from Patagonia, Argentina], Actas del IV Congreso Argentino de Paleontología y Biostratigrafía 2, 48-61 |
| Lillegraven J. A., McKenna M. C. (1986) Fossil mammals from the "Mesaverde" Formation (Late Cretaceous, Judithian) of the Bighorn and Wind River basins, Wyoming, with definitions of Late Cretaceous North American Land-Mammal "Ages", American Museum Novitates 2840, 1-68 |
| Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698 |
| Prothero D. R., Schoch R. M. (1989) Classification of the Perissodactyla, The Evolution of Perissodactyla, 530-537 |
| Griffiths M., Wells R. T., et al (1991) Observations on the skulls of fossil and extant echidnas (Monotremata: Tachyglossidae), Australian Mammalogy 14 2, 87-102 |
| Wible J. R. (1991) Origin of Mammalia: the craniodental evidence reexamined, Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 11 1, 1-28 |
| Springer M. S. Y., Westerman M., et al (1994) Relationships among orders and families of marsupials based on 12S ribosomal DNA sequences and the timing of the marsupial radiation, Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2 2, 85-115 |
| Hu Y., Wang Y., et al (1997) A new symmetrodont mammal from China and its implications for mammalian evolution, Nature 390, 137-142 |
| Novacek M. J., Rougier G. W., et al (1997) Epipubic bones in eutherian mammals from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, Nature 389, 483-486 |
| Luo Z.-X., Ji Q., et al (2003) An Early Cretaceous tribosphenic mammal and metatherian evolution, Science 302, 1934-1939 |
| Averianov A., Archibald J. D. (2005) Mammals from the mid-Cretaceous Khodzhakul Formation, Kyzylkum Desert, Uzbekistan, Cretaceous Research 26 4, 593-608 |
| Shoshani J., Tassy P. (2005) Advances in proboscidean taxonomy & classification, anatomy & physiology, and ecology & behavior, Quaternary International 126-128, 5-20 |
| Wible J. R., Rougier G. W., et al (2007) Cretaceous eutherians and Laurasian origin for placental mammals near the K/T boundary, Nature 447, 1003-1006 |
| Beck R. M. D., Archer M., et al (2008) A bizarre new family of Marsupialia (Incertae sedis) from the Early Pliocene of northeastern Australia: implications for the phylogeny of bunodont marsupials, Journal of Paleontology 82 4, 749-762 doi:10.1666/06-124.1 |
| Scott C. S. (2010) Eudaemonema webbi sp. nov. (Mammalia, Mixodectidae) from the late Paleocene of western Canada: the youngest known mixodectid, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 47 12, 1451-1462 doi:10.1139/E10-074 |
| Averianov A. O., Lopatin A. V. (2011) Phylogeny of Triconodonts and Symmetrodonts and the Origin of Extant Mammals, Doklady Biological Sciences 436, 32-35 |
| Hunt, Jr. R. M. (2011) Evolution of Large Carnivores During the Mid-Cenozoic of North America: The Temnocyonine Radiation (Mammalia, Amphicyonidae), Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 358, 1-153 doi:10.1206/358.1 |
| Luo Z.-X., Yuan C.-X., et al (2011) A Jurassic eutherian mammal and divergence of marsupials and placentals, Nature 476, 442-445 doi:10.1038/nature10291 |
Theria
Metatheria
