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Gymnarthridae ✝

Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)37293https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=37293
Rankfamily (PBDB)
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Microsauria : Gymnarthridae
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-AmphibiaLinnaeus 1758
-Lepospondyli
-Microsauria
suborderTuditanomorphaCarroll and Gaskill 1978
familyGymnarthridaeCase 1910
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to Gymnarthriastated with evidenceCase, 1910
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to MicrosauriaimpliedOlson and Barghusen, 1962
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to Microsauriastated without evidenceOlson, 1970
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to Tuditanomorphastated with evidenceCarroll and Gaskill, 1978
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to MicrosauriaimpliedThayer, 1985
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to TuditanomorphaimpliedCarroll, 1988
Gymnarthridaefamilybelongs to Tuditanomorphastated without evidenceCarroll et al., 1998
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)24
First Recorded Appearance318 - 315 Ma
Carboniferous
Last Recorded Appearance279 - 268 Ma
Permian
Environmentbrackish,freshwater,terrestrial (based on Tetrapoda)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Reproductiondispersal=water (based on Amphibia)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)E. C. Case. 1910. New or little known reptiles and amphibians from the Permian (?) of Texas. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28:163-181

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Bolterpeton ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)2290 Ma
Permian		290 Ma
Permian
Cardiocephalus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)8290 Ma
Permian		279 Ma
Permian
Elfridia ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)1318 Ma
Carboniferous		318 Ma
Carboniferous
Euryodus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)4296 Ma
Permian		279 Ma
Permian
Goniorhynchus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)
Hylerpeton ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)1318 Ma
Carboniferous		318 Ma
Carboniferous
Leiocephalikon ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)3318 Ma
Carboniferous		318 Ma
Carboniferous
Pariotichus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)3296 Ma
Permian		279 Ma
Permian
Sparodus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)1311 Ma
Carboniferous		311 Ma
Carboniferous
Stegotretus ✝
genus		listed (PBDB)1296 Ma
Permian		296 Ma
Permian

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1910Gymnarthridae Case p. 177
1930Gymnarthridae Hay p. 32
1962Gymnarthridae Olson and Barghusen p. 13
1970Gymnarthridae Olson p. 403
1973Gymnarthridae Daly p. 571
1978Gymnarthridae Carroll and Gaskill p. 4
1985Gymnarthridae Thayer p. 690
1988Gymnarthridae Carroll
1998Gymnarthridae Carroll et al. p. xi

References

Case E. C. (1910) New or little known reptiles and amphibians from the Permian (?) of Texas, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 28, 163-181
Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074
Olson E. C., Barghusen H. (1962) Permian vertebrates from Oklahoma and Texas. Part I.—Vertebrates from the Flowerpot Formation, Permian of Oklahoma, Oklahoma Geological Survey, Circular 59, 5-48
Olson E. C. (1970) New and little known genera and species of vertebrates from the Lower Permian of Oklahoma, Fieldiana: Geology 18 3, 359-434
Daly E. (1973) A Lower Permian vertebrate fauna from southern Oklahoma, Journal of Paleontology 47 3, 562-589
Carroll R. L., Gaskill P. (1978) The Order Microsauria, Memoirs of the American Philosophical Society 126, 1-211
Thayer D. W. (1985) New Pennsylvanian Lepospondyl Amphibians from the Swisshelm Mountains, Arizona, Journal of Paleontology 59 3, 684-700
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Carroll R. L., Bossy K. A., et al (1998) Handbuch der Palaoherpetologie / Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology Teil 1 / Part 1 Lepospondyli: Microsauria, Nectridea, Lysorophia, Adelospondyli, Aistopoda, Acherontiscidae, 1-216
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
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