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Pterioida

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	16436	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=16436

Rank

order (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Pterioida

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Pteriomorphia
order	Pterioida	Newell 1965

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Newell, 1965
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorpha	stated with evidence	Grant-Mackie, 1978
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorpha	stated without evidence	Squires, 1984
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Ward and Blackwelder, 1987
Pterioida	order	belongs to Bivalvia	stated without evidence	Squires, 1988
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Ward, 1992
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated without evidence	Coan et al., 2000
Pterioida	order	belongs to Bivalvia	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Giribet and Wheeler, 2002
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated without evidence	Spencer et al., 2004
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated with evidence	Bieler and Mikkelsen, 2006
Pterioida	order	belongs to Pteriomorphia	stated without evidence	Scholz et al., 2008

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

211

Extant Size (PBDB)

11 (5.2%)

First Recorded Appearance

452 - 444 Ma
Paleozoic

Motility

stationary (based on Pterioida)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Pterioida)

Ecospace Comments

LIFE HISTORY: low-level epifaunal tier according to Bottjer and Ausich (1986).

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite, aragonite (based on Pterioida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

N. D. Newell. 1965. Classification of the Bivalvia. American Museum Novitates 2206:1-25

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pinnina suborder	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Pteriina suborder	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Pterioidina ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)
Lamellotacea superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Bakevellidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Prospondylidea family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	64	252 Ma Permian	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Alnifia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Amuropecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Anderkenia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Annulinectes ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Antipecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Arcticeramus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Arctomyalina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Arzelella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Augea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Aviculoperna ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Aviculovulsa ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Barbosaia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	265 Ma Permian	265 Ma Permian
Borehamia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Boiomytilus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Bouleigmus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Cameleolopha ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	4	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Canadotis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Capedopecten ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	23.0 Ma Miocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Carinonychia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Chalmasia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Cheiopteria ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	16	426 Ma Silurian	419 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Cleidochondrella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Cliopteria ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Cochlearites ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	191 Ma Early Jurassic	190 Ma Early Jurassic
Colpentolium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Corallospondylus genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Cornutoentolium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Costentolium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	118	170 Ma Middle Jurassic	161 Ma Jurassic
Cteniopleurium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Cussetostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Darteplicatula ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Dolichopteron ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Dorcadungula ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Echinopecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Enkelbergia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ensipteria ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	25	269 Ma Permian	254 Ma Permian
Entoliopsis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Entomonotis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Euptera ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	89.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	89.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Euthymipecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Fascinewellipecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Fergania ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Fibrosopecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Follmannia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Fractoceramus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Freneixita ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Freneixostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Fylgia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Gerlus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gervilleiogoma ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gervilletia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Glendella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	279 Ma Permian	279 Ma Permian
Gondwanella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Grabella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gryphaeligmus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	8	174 Ma Middle Jurassic	166 Ma Middle Jurassic
Haenleinia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Haumea genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Heligmina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Heligmopsis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Heterostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Hypotrema ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	168 Ma Middle Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Hypoxytoma ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	12	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Ignara ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Indonectes ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Inoceramya ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Intomodesma ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Jeletzkiella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kabyaipecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	331 Ma Carboniferous	331 Ma Carboniferous
Kaparachlamys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kinerkaella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kobayshites ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Kokanostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	41.3 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Konbostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lenella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lentilla ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Limanomia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian	383 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Limatuella genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Linsdallia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lissochlamys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lissopecten genus	listed (PBDB)	2	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Lithioperna ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	191 Ma Early Jurassic	190 Ma Early Jurassic
Lituyapecten ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	5.33 Ma Miocene	0.78 Ma Pleistocene
Loemmelella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Longidaonella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Lywea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Merismopteria ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	45	323 Ma Carboniferous	254 Ma Permian
Minervapecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mixtipecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	30	85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Morrisipecten ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	9	290 Ma Permian	269 Ma Permian
Moussonella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mrassiella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Myalinopterella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mysidioptera ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Mytiloceramus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	65	201 Ma Early Jurassic	168 Ma Middle Jurassic
Nathorstella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Neithella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Neitheops ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Neoentolium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	55	176 Ma Early Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Newsomella ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	433 Ma Silurian	427 Ma Silurian
Nodonychia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	393 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Notochlamy genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Notovola genus	listed (PBDB)			0 Ma Extant
Novaculaperma ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Opiotoptera ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ostreinella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	20.4 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Ostreonella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachymytilus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	151 Ma Late Jurassic	151 Ma Late Jurassic
Pachyperna ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachypteria ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	339 Ma Carboniferous	260 Ma Permian
Pacimonotis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Palaeopinna ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	408 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	388 Ma Middle Devonian
Paraucellina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Parvochlamys ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Periclaria ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pethopecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Phialopecten ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Pichlerella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Platygena ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Pamiropecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pompeckjina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Praeamonotis ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	265 Ma Permian	265 Ma Permian
Praeaucellina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	6	152 Ma Late Jurassic	145 Ma Late Jurassic
Praebuchia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	15	164 Ma Middle Jurassic	157 Ma Jurassic
Praespondylopecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Protostrea ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Pseudodidymotis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pseudogyra ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pseudoheligmus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Pseudopachymytilus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	191 Ma Early Jurassic	191 Ma Early Jurassic
Pseudovola ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	161 Ma Jurassic	161 Ma Jurassic
Pterinoactinodesma ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pteronitina ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Raricardium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Rhyssomytiloides ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Saintiopsis ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Scythentolium ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Sergipia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Sinectenolium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Sokolowia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	5	55.8 Ma Eocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Soleniscostrea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Sornayceramus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Spia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Stappyersella ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Striatoceramus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Subulatachlamys ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Tarturia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	72.1 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Titonopecten ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Trematiconcha ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Trichiplicatula ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Turkmenia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Unica ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	201 Ma Early Jurassic	201 Ma Early Jurassic
Uralopteria ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Ventalium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Vertinomia ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	133 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Vertumnia ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	11	388 Ma Middle Devonian	365 Ma Late/Upper Devonian
Vulsellina ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Wuxuanites ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	8	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian	403 Ma Early/Lower Devonian
Xenium ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1906	Gervillia hanitschi Newton p. 490 figs. Pl 25, fig 4
1965	Pterioida Newell p. 16
1978	Pterioida Grant-Mackie
1980	Pterioida Vokes p. 30
1983	Pterioida Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 89
1984	Pterioida Squires p. 43
1987	Pterioida Squires p. 57
1987	Pterioida Ward and Blackwelder p. 129

Year	Name and Author
1988	Pterioida Squires p. 18
1992	Pterioida Ward p. 63
2000	Pterioida Coan et al. pp. 125, 191
2002	Pterioida Giribet and Wheeler
2002	Pterioida Sepkoski, Jr.
2004	Pterioida Spencer et al.
2006	Pterioida Bieler and Mikkelsen p. 230
2008	Pterioida Scholz et al.

References

Newell N. D. (1965) Classification of the Bivalvia, American Museum Novitates 2206, 1-25

Newton R. B. (1906) Notice of some fossils from Singapore discovered by John B. Scrivenor, FGS, geologist to the Federated Malay States, Geological Magazine, New Series, Decade V 3, 487-496

Grant-Mackie J. A. (1978) Subgenera of the Upper Triassic bivalve Monotis, New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics 21 1, 97-111 doi:10.1080/00288306.1978.10420726

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Gliozzi E., Malatesta A. (1983) I molluschi del Paleocene di Baixa Chinhauanine nel bacino del Rio Massintonto (Maputo - Mozambico), Geologica Romana 22, 85-145

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Ward L. W., Blackwelder B.W. (1987) Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene Mollusca from the James City and Chowan River Formations at Lee Creek Mine, Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology 61, 113-283

Squires R. L. (1988) Eocene Macropaleontology of Northern Lockwood Valley, Ventura County, California, Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) 398, 1-23

Ward L. W. (1992) Molluscan biostratigraphy of the Miocene Middle Atlantic Coastal Plain of North America, Virginia Museum of Natural History 2

Coan E. V., Scott P. V., et al (2000) Bivalve seashells of western North America, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural history Monographs 2, 1-764

Giribet G., Wheeler W. (2002) On bivalve phylogeny: a high-level analysis of the Bivalvia (Mollusca) based on combined morphology and DNA sequence data, Invertebrate Biology 121 4, 271-324

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Spencer H. G., Willan R. C., et al (2004) Checklist of the Recent Mollusca described from the New Zealand Exclusive Economic Zone, [http://www.molluscs.otago.ac.nz/index.html]

Bieler R., Mikkelsen P. M. (2006) Bivalvia - a look at the branches, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 148, 223-235

Scholz A., Aberhan M., et al (2008) Early Jurassic bivalves of the Antimonio terrane (Sonora, NW Mexico): Taxonomy, biogeography, and paleogeographic implications, Geological Society of America Special Paper 442, 269-312

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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