Burkeite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
This page is currently not sponsored. Click here to sponsor this page.
About Burkeite
Formula:
Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
Colour:
White, light buff, grayish; colourless in transmitted light.
Lustre:
Vitreous, Greasy
Hardness:
3½
Specific Gravity:
2.57
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Name:
Named in 1935 by William Frederick Foshag in honor of William Edmund Burke [June 9, 1880 Mayfield, Santa Clara County, California, USA - November 17, 1960 Carson City, Nevada, USA], chemical engineer and director of research of the American Potash and Chemical Corporation, who discovered the synthetic salt in 1921. Early in his career, he was a chemist for the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association.
Type Locality:
This page provides mineralogical data about Burkeite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
805
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:805:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
6225117f-5324-462e-8849-9c46d7d58346
IMA Classification of Burkeite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Na4(SO4)(CO3)
Classification of Burkeite
7.BD.25
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
B : Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with additional anions, without H2O
D : With only large cations
32.1.1.1
32 : COMPOUND SULFATES
1 : Anhydrous Compound Sulfates
32 : COMPOUND SULFATES
1 : Anhydrous Compound Sulfates
12.2.1
12 : Carbonates with other anions
2 : Carbonates with sulphate
12 : Carbonates with other anions
2 : Carbonates with sulphate
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Bke | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Burkeite
Vitreous, Greasy
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White, light buff, grayish; colourless in transmitted light.
Hardness:
3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Brittle
Fracture:
Conchoidal
Density:
2.57 g/cm3 (Measured) 2.61 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Burkeite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.448 nβ = 1.489 nγ = 1.493
2V:
Measured: 34° , Calculated: 32°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.045
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v distinct
Chemistry of Burkeite
Mindat Formula:
Na6(CO3)(SO4)2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Burkeite
Crystal System:
Orthorhombic
Cell Parameters:
a = 7.05 Å, b = 9.21 Å, c = 5.16 Å
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.765 : 1 : 0.56
Unit Cell V:
335.04 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
Crystals tabular {100}, with narrow faces of {010}, {110}, and {001}. Crystals faces rough and uneven. Also as reticulated aggregates of platy crystals; pea-shaped nodules; irregular masses.
Twinning:
Commonly as X-shaped penetration twins with {110} as the twin plane and b^_b ~ 59°42'. The re-entrant angles are partially filled with small, rough crystals in apparent random position.
Comment:
Point Group: mm2 or 222; Space Group: Pmnm (supercell).
Crystal Structure
Load
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Show
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Big Balls | Small Balls | Just Balls | Spacefill
Polyhedra Off | Si Polyhedra | All Polyhedra
Remove metal-metal sticks
Display Options
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
Black Background | White Background
Perspective On | Perspective Off
2D | Stereo | Red-Blue | Red-Cyan
View
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
CIF File Best | x | y | z | a | b | c
Rotation
Stop | Start
Stop | Start
Labels
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Console Off | On | Grey | Yellow
Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0014823 | Burkeite | Giuseppetti G, Mazzi F, Tadini C (1988) The crystal structure of synthetic burkeite Na4SO4(CO3)t(SO4)1-t Sample A Note sign of y-coordinate for O3 and O5 altered to reproduce reported bond lengths Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988 203-221 | 1988 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0014824 | Burkeite | Giuseppetti G, Mazzi F, Tadini C (1988) The crystal structure of synthetic burkeite Sample B Note sign of y-coordinate for O3 and O5 altered to reproduce reported bond lengths Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988 203-221 | 1988 | synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
0014825 | Burkeite | Giuseppetti G, Mazzi F, Tadini C (1988) The crystal structure of synthetic burkeite Sample C Note sign of y-coordinate for O3 and O5 altered to reproduce reported bond lengths Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte 1988 203-221 | 1988 | synthetic | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Image Loading
Radiation - Copper Kα
Data courtesy of RRUFF project at University of Arizona, used with permission.
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
2.801 Å | (100) |
3.526 Å | (80) |
3.795 Å | (75) |
2.640 Å | (75) |
2.583 Å | (75) |
2.777 Å | (55) |
3.854 Å | (40) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Near-surface Processes | |
25 : Evaporites (prebiotic) | |
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45a : [Sulfates, arsenates, selenates, antimonates] | |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Burkeite
General Appearance of Type Material:
as reticulated aggregates, mulberrylike nodules, commonly massive.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, 97277, 102866–102872.
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Clay stratum in a lacustrine salt deposit.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Foshag, W.F. (1935), Burkeite, a new mineral species from Searles Lake, California: American Mineralogist: 20: 50-56.
Synonyms of Burkeite
Other Language Names for Burkeite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.BD. | Adanite | Pb2(Te4+O3)(SO4) |
7.BD. | Hasanovite | KNa(MoO2)(SO4)2 |
7.BD. | Evanichite | Pb6Cr3+(Cr6+O4)2(SO4)(OH)7FCl |
7.BD. | Kennygayite | [Pb4O2(OH)2](SO4) |
7.BD.05 | Sulphohalite | Na6(SO4)2FCl |
7.BD.10 | Galeite | Na15(SO4)5F4Cl |
7.BD.10 | Schairerite | Na21(SO4)7ClF6 |
7.BD.15 | Kogarkoite | Na3(SO4)F |
7.BD.20 | Caracolite | Na3Pb2(SO4)3Cl |
7.BD.20 | Cesanite | Na3Ca2(SO4)3(OH) |
7.BD.20 | Aiolosite | Na4Bi(SO4)3Cl |
7.BD.30 | Hanksite | Na22K(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl |
7.BD.35 | Cannonite | Bi2(SO4)O(OH)2 |
7.BD.40 | Lanarkite | Pb2(SO4)O |
7.BD.45 | Grandreefite | Pb2(SO4)F2 |
7.BD.50 | Itoite | Pb3Ge4+(SO4)2O2(OH)2 |
7.BD.55 | Chiluite | Bi3Te6+Mo6+O10.5 |
7.BD.60 | Hectorfloresite | Na9(SO4)4(IO3) |
7.BD.65 | Pseudograndreefite | Pb6(SO4)F10 |
7.BD.70 | Sundiusite | Pb10(SO4)O8Cl2 |
Other Information
Notes:
Totally soluble in cold water.
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Burkeite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-805.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
Search Engines:
External Links:
Mineral Dealers:
References for Burkeite
Localities for Burkeite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Antarctica | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... |
Argentina | |
| Mineralogical Magazine 71 (2007) |
Austria | |
| A.Csaplovics (2014) |
| A.Csaplovics (2014) |
Götzinger (2009) | |
A.Csaplovics (2014) | |
A.Csaplovics (2014) | |
A.Csaplovics (2014) | |
| A.Csaplovics (2014) |
Canada | |
Kohut et al. (1993) | |
| S. J. Mills (XRD data) |
| Last (1990) |
Shang (2000) | |
Greengrass et al. (1999) | |
China | |
Kezao Chen (1992) | |
Kezao Chen (1992) | |
Czech Republic | |
| Cílek |
Egypt | |
| Marchesini et al. (2009) +1 other reference |
Sapsford (2009) +1 other reference | |
Salem et al. (2018) | |
Melanie Sapsford (2009) | |
Sapsford (2009) | |
Greece | |
| Dotsika et al. (2009) |
Japan | |
| Tomonagi et al. (1989) |
Kenya | |
| Vergouwen (1979) |
Niger | |
| Saidou et al. (2015) |
Saidou et al. (2015) | |
Saidou et al. (2015) | |
Peru | |
| Mees et al. (1991) |
Russia | |
| Golovin et al. (2023) |
| Sharygin et al. (2013) |
| Sharygin et al. (2021, October) |
South Africa | |
| Tarasov et al. (2021, April) |
Spain | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) |
| Vizcayno et al. (1995) |
Tunisia | |
| Smykatz-Kloss et al. (2010) |
Turkey | |
| Vergouwen (1979) |
Uganda | |
| Mineralogical Recoed 8:396 +2 other references |
USA | |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 283. +3 other references |
| Brown et al. (2003) |
| Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 283 +5 other references |
Foshag (1920c) +3 other references | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Eckel et al. (1997) | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
Mineralogical Society of America - ... +1 other reference | |
| Mineralogical Society of America - ... +2 other references |
| Northrop et al. (1996) |
10th Annual New Mexico Mineral Symposium +1 other reference | |
| Cannon (1975) |
www.dnr.wa.gov/geology/okanogan.htm. |
Quick NavTopAbout BurkeiteUnique IdentifiersIMA Classification Classification Mineral SymbolsPhysical Properties Optical Data Chemistry Crystallography Crystal StructureX-Ray Powder DiffractionGeological EnvironmentType Occurrence SynonymsOther LanguagesCommon AssociatesStrunz-MindatOther InformationInternet Links References Localities Locality List
Searles Lake, San Bernardino County, California, USA