Bromellite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Bromellite
Magnus Bromelius
Formula:
BeO
Colour:
White to creamy white
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
9
Specific Gravity:
3.017
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Name:
For Magnus von Bromell (1679-1731), Swedish physician and mineralogist.
A beryllium oxide mineral found in desilicated, skarn-like deposit and as a result of hydrothermal alteration of nepheline in nepheline syenites pegmatites.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
784
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:784:1
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
442db04e-0dc9-4ea4-8a04-353ad2a0f101
IMA Classification of Bromellite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1925
Classification of Bromellite
4.AB.20
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
A : Metal: Oxygen = 2:1 and 1:1
B : M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with small to medium-sized cations only
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
A : Metal: Oxygen = 2:1 and 1:1
B : M:O = 1:1 (and up to 1:1.25); with small to medium-sized cations only
4.2.2.2
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
2 : AX
4 : SIMPLE OXIDES
2 : AX
7.4.1
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
4 : Oxides of Be, Mg and the alkaline earths
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Bmel | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Bromellite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
White to creamy white
Hardness:
9 on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Distinct/Good
on {1010}
on {1010}
Density:
3.017 g/cm3 (Measured) 3.044 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Bromellite
Type:
Uniaxial (+)
RI values:
nω = 1.705 - 1.719 nε = 1.733
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.028
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
High
Chemistry of Bromellite
Mindat Formula:
BeO
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Al,B,Ba,Ca,Fe,Mg,Si
Chemical Analysis
Oxide wt%:
| 1 | 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| SiO2 | 0.7 % | % |
| B2O3 | 1.4 % | % |
| Al2O3 | 1.2 % | 0.14 % |
| Fe2O3 | 0.1 % | % |
| BeO | 93.2 % | 98.02 % |
| CaO | 0.1 % | 1.03 % |
| H2O | 3.4 % | % |
| BaO | % | 0.55 % |
| MgO | % | 0.07 % |
| Sb2O5 | % | 0.29 % |
| LOI | % | 0.85 % |
| Total: | 100.1 % | 100.95 % |
Sample references:
| ID | Type | Locality | Reference | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Saga 1 Quarry, Sagåsen, Auenlandet, Porsgrunn, Telemark, Norway | Analysis by Arne Åsheim | ||
| 2 | Type Specimen | Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden | Wet chemical analysis by Dr.phil. G.K. Almström |
Crystallography of Bromellite
Crystal System:
Hexagonal
Class (H-M):
6mm - Dihexagonal Pyramidal
Space Group:
P63mc
Cell Parameters:
a = 2.6983(4) Å, c = 4.3776(4) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 1.622
Unit Cell V:
27.60 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Morphology:
As prismatic crystals, elongated along [0001], to 1 mm, showing pyramidal hemimorphism, with {0001} and {1010} well developed, {1011} small, may be tabular parallel to {0001}; in randomly intergrown rosettelike aggregates; also as cleavage fragments, to 10 cm.
Comment:
synthetic
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0017664 | Bromellite | Aminoff G (1925) Ueber Berylliumoxyd als Mineral und dessen Kristallstruktur. _cod_database_code 1010943 Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie 62 113-122 |  | 1925 | 0 | 293 | |
| 0011539 | Bromellite | Wyckoff R W G (1963) Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York Crystal Structures 1 85-237 | 1963 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0019176 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019177 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019178 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019179 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019180 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 1.1 | 293 | |
| 0019181 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 2.2 | 293 | |
| 0019182 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 3.8 | 293 | |
| 0019183 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 4 | 293 | |
| 0019184 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 5 | 293 | |
| 0019185 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 293 | |
| 0019186 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 543 | |
| 0019187 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 763 | |
| 0019188 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 963 | |
| 0019189 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 1073 | |
| 0019190 | Bromellite | Hazen R M, Finger L W (1986) High-pressure and high-temperature crystal chemistry of beryllium oxide Journal of Applied Physics 59 3728-3733 | 1986 | Synthetic | 0 | 1183 | |
| 0017437 | Bromellite | Zachariasen W (1925) Ueber die Kristallstruktur von BeO _cod_database_code 1010526 Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 8 189-200 | 1925 | 0 | 293 | ||
| 0015173 | Bromellite | Xu Y N, Ching W Y (1993) Electronic, optical, and structural properties of some wurtzite crystals Physical Review B48 4335-4351 | 1993 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 2.061 Å | (100) |
| 2.337 Å | (91) |
| 2.189 Å | (61) |
| 1.349 Å | (29) |
| 1.238 Å | (24) |
| 1.598 Å | (22) |
| 1.1482 Å | (16) |
Comments:
Recorded on synthetic material
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Near-surface Processes | |
| 23 : Subaerial aqueous alteration by non-redox-sensitive fluids (see also #47) | |
| Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks | >3.0 |
| 35 : Ultra-alkali and agpaitic igneous rocks | |
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Bromellite
General Appearance of Type Material:
White hexagonal crystals
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, Sweden
Geological Setting of Type Material:
In hydrothermal calcite veins and veinlets in hematite skarn and skarnized limestones
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Aminoff, G. (1925) Über berylliumoxyd als mineral und dessen kristallstruktur. Zeitschrift für Kristallographie: 62: 113-122.
Other Language Names for Bromellite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 4 photos of Bromellite associated with Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| 4 photos of Bromellite associated with Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| 4 photos of Bromellite associated with Helvine | Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S |
| 3 photos of Bromellite associated with Liberite | Li2BeSiO4 |
| 3 photos of Bromellite associated with Phenakite | Be2SiO4 |
| 2 photos of Bromellite associated with Diaspore | AlO(OH) |
| 2 photos of Bromellite associated with Fluorite | CaF2 |
| 2 photos of Bromellite associated with Amesite | Mg2Al(AlSiO5)(OH)4 |
| 1 photo of Bromellite associated with Magnesioferrite | MgFe3+2O4 |
| 1 photo of Bromellite associated with Manganophyllite | K(Fe,Mg,Mn)3AlSi3O10(OH)2 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.AB. | Carbon Monoxide Ice | CO |
| 4.AB.05 | Crednerite | CuMnO2 |
| 4.AB.10 | Tenorite | CuO |
| 4.AB.15 | Delafossite | CuFeO2 |
| 4.AB.15 | Mcconnellite | CuCrO2 |
| 4.AB.20 | Zincite | ZnO |
| 4.AB.25 | Bunsenite | NiO |
| 4.AB.25 | Lime | CaO |
| 4.AB.25 | Manganosite | MnO |
| 4.AB.25 | Monteponite | CdO |
| 4.AB.25 | Periclase | MgO |
| 4.AB.25 | Wüstite | FeO |
| 4.AB.30 | Palladinite | PdO |
| 4.AB.35 | Hongquiite | TiO |
Fluorescence of Bromellite
Yellowish white in both LW and SW UV
Other Information
Electrical:
Pyroelectric
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Bromellite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-784.html
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References for Bromellite
Reference List:
Hofmeister, A. M., Hoering, T. C., Virgo, D. (1987) Vibrational spectroscopy of beryllium aluminosilicates: Heat capacity calculations from band assignments. Physics and Chemistry of Minerals, 14 (3) 205-224 doi:10.1007/bf00307985
Localities for Bromellite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Australia | |
| Henley et al. (2001) |
China | |
| Xihuan Zhang and Yufeng Ren (2008) |
France | |
| Dubru. M (1986) |
Norway | |
| Larsen et al. (1987) +1 other reference |
Russia | |
| [World of Stones 95:5-6 |
| Ivashchenko et al. (2006) |
| |
| Avdonin V.N. (2004) |
Sweden (TL) | |
| Aminoff G (1925) +2 other references |
| Jonsson (2003) | |
| Lorin (2003) | |
| Österberg et al. (2003) |
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Långban Mine, Långban Ore District, Filipstad, Värmland County, Sweden