Saponite
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About Saponite
Formula:
Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Colour:
White, gray-green, bluish, yellow
Lustre:
Greasy, Dull
Hardness:
1½ - 2
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Member of:
Name:
From Latin, sap, soap, alluding to its greasy or soapy feel and appearance.
Type Locality:
Smectite Group.
Beidellite-Saponite Series.
See also the Fe-dominant end-member ferrosaponite.
May be interstratified with lizardite: UM2002-39-SiO:AlCaFeHMg.
Beidellite-Saponite Series.
See also the Fe-dominant end-member ferrosaponite.
May be interstratified with lizardite: UM2002-39-SiO:AlCaFeHMg.
Classification of Saponite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
8/H.20-20
9.EC.45
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
E : Phyllosilicates
C : Phyllosilicates with mica sheets, composed of tetrahedral and octahedral nets
71.3.1b.2
71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
3 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 clays
71 : PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings
3 : Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 clays
16.7.7
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
7 : Aluminosilicates of Mg
16 : Silicates Containing Aluminum and other Metals
7 : Aluminosilicates of Mg
Pronounciation of Saponite
Pronounciation:
Play | Recorded by | Country |
---|---|---|
Jolyon & Katya Ralph | United Kingdom |
Physical Properties of Saponite
Optical Data of Saponite
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.479 - 1.490 nβ = 1.510 - 1.525 nγ = 1.511 - 1.527
2V:
Calculated: 20° to 26°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.032 - 0.037

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Low
Dispersion:
none
Chemical Properties of Saponite
Formula:
Ca0.25(Mg,Fe)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
IMA Formula:
(Ca,Na)0.3(Mg,Fe)3(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O
Common Impurities:
Ti,Mn,Ni,K,P
Crystallography of Saponite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Cell Parameters:
a = 5.3 Å, b = 9.14 Å, c = 16.9 Å
β = 97°
β = 97°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.58 : 1 : 1.849
Unit Cell V:
812.57 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
15.4 Å | (100) |
7.9 Å | (50) |
5.28 Å | (10) |
4.60 Å | (50) |
3.93 Å | (10) |
3.13 Å | (50) |
2.648 Å | (50) |
2.560 Å | (50) |
2.452 Å | (10) |
2.298 Å | (10) |
1.740 Å | (10) |
1.541 Å | (65) |
1.330 Å | (30) |
1.001 Å | (10) |
0.8888 Å | (10) |
0.880 Å | (10) |
Comments:
ICDD 13-305 (ferroan saponite)
Type Occurrence of Saponite
Synonyms of Saponite
Other Language Names for Saponite
Varieties of Saponite
Aluminium-saponite | Al rich Saponite |
Bowlingite | Obsolete name for pseudomorphs of saponite after olivine. |
Cathkinite | A local name for a reddish-brown compact variety of saponite. |
Copper-bearing Saponite | A copper-bearing variety of saponite |
Iron-bearing Saponite | Originally reported from Santa Monica Mts, Los Angeles Co., California, USA. |
Lithian Saponite | A Li-bearing saponite. |
Sobotkite | An Al-rich variety of saponite. |
Relationship of Saponite to other Species
Member of:
Other Members of this group:
Aliettite | Ca0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2O | Mon. |
Beidellite | (Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. |
Calcium-Montmorillonite | Ca(Ca3,Al2)Si5O10(OH)8 or near | |
Ferrosaponite | Ca0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
Hectorite | Na0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
Nontronite | Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. |
Pimelite | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O | Hex. |
Saliotite | (Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5 | Mon. |
Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
Swinefordite | Li(Al,Li,Mg)4((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O | Mon. |
Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m |
Volkonskoite | Ca0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
Yakhontovite | (Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2O | Mon. |
Zincsilite | Zn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?) | Mon. |
Forms a series with:
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
12 photos of Saponite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
11 photos of Saponite associated with Mordenite | (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O |
7 photos of Saponite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
6 photos of Saponite associated with Chabazite-Na | (Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O |
6 photos of Saponite associated with Analcime | Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O |
5 photos of Saponite associated with Epidote | {Ca2}{Al2Fe3+}(Si2O7)(SiO4)O(OH) |
4 photos of Saponite associated with Siderite | FeCO3 |
4 photos of Saponite associated with Pumpellyite | |
4 photos of Saponite associated with Phillipsite subgroup | |
3 photos of Saponite associated with Chabazite |
Related Minerals - Nickel-Strunz Grouping
9.EC. | Balestraite | KLi2V5+Si4O12 | Mon. 2 : B2 |
9.EC.05 | Minnesotaite | Fe2+3Si4O10(OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
9.EC.05 | Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
9.EC.05 | Willemseite | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.9.EC. | Voloshinite | Rb(LiAl1.5◻1.5)(Al0.5Si3.5)O10F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.10 | Ferripyrophyllite | Fe3+Si2O5(OH) | Mon. |
9.EC.10 | Pyrophyllite | Al2Si4O10(OH)2 | Tric. 1 |
9.EC.15 | Boromuscovite | KAl2(BSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Celadonite | K(Mg,Fe2+)Fe3+(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.15 | Chernykhite | (Ba,Na)(V3+,Al,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Montdorite | (K,Na)2(Fe2+,Mn2+,Mg)5(Si4O10)2(OH,F)4 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.15 | Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.15 | Nanpingite | CsAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Paragonite | NaAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Roscoelite | K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.15 | Tobelite | (NH4,K)Al2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Aluminoceladonite | K(Mg,Fe2+)Al(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Chromphyllite | K(Cr,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.15 | Ferroaluminoceladonite | K(Fe2+,Mg)(Al,Fe3+)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.15 | Ferroceladonite | K(Fe2+,Mg)(Fe3+,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.15 | Chromceladonite | K(Mg,Fe2+)(Cr,Al)(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Tainiolite | KLiMg2(Si4O10)F2 | Mon. |
9.EC.15 | Ganterite | (Ba,Na,K)(Al,Mg)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Annite | KFe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Ephesite | NaLiAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Tric. |
9.EC.20 | Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Masutomilite | (K,Rb)(Li,Mn3+,Al)3(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Norrishite | KLiMn3+2(Si4O10)O2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Polylithionite | KLi2Al(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.20 | Preiswerkite | NaMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Siderophyllite | KFe2+2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Tetraferriphlogopite | KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH,F)2 | |
9.EC.20 | Fluorotetraferriphlogopite | KMg3(Fe3+Si3O10)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Wonesite | (Na,K)(Mg,Fe,Al)6((Al,Si)4O10)2(OH,F)4 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Eastonite | KMg2Al(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Tetraferriannite | KFe2+3(Si3Fe3+)O10(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Trilithionite | K(Li1.5Al1.5)(AlSi3O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.20 | Fluorannite | KFe2+3(Si3Al)O10F2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Shirokshinite | KNaMg2(Si4O10)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Shirozulite | KMn2+3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Sokolovaite | CsLi2Al(Si4O10)F2 | Mon. |
9.EC.20 | Aspidolite | NaMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Fluorophlogopite | KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | UM2004-49-SiO:AlCsFHKLi | (Cs,K)(Al,Li)2.6((Si,Al)4O10)(F,OH)2 | |
9.EC.20 | Suhailite | (NH4)Fe2+3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Yangzhumingite | KMg2.5(Si4O10)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.20 | Orlovite | KLi2Ti(Si4O10)OF | Mon. 2 : B2 |
9.EC.20 | Oxyphlogopite | K(Mg,Ti,Fe)3[(Si,Al)4O10](O,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.30 | Margarite | CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.35 | Anandite | (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3((Si,Al,Fe)4O10)(S,OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.35 | Bityite | LiCaAl2(AlBeSi2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
9.EC.35 | Clintonite | CaAlMg2(SiAl3O10)(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.35 | Kinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Mg,Mn2+,Al)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.35 | Ferrokinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Fe2+,Mg)3(Al2Si2O10)(OH,F)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.35 | Oxykinoshitalite | (Ba,K)(Mg,Ti,Fe3+,Fe2+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(O,OH,F)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.35 | Fluorokinoshitalite | BaMg3(Al2Si2O10)F2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.40 | Beidellite | (Na,Ca0.5)0.3Al2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.40 | Kurumsakite | (Zn,Ni,Cu)8Al8V5+2Si5O35 · 27H2O (?) | Orth. |
9.EC.40 | Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.40 | Nontronite | Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.40 | Volkonskoite | Ca0.3(Cr,Mg,Fe)2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.40 | Yakhontovite | (Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Hectorite | Na0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Spadaite | MgSiO2(OH)2 · H2O (?) | |
9.EC.45 | Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Swinefordite | Li(Al,Li,Mg)4((Si,Al)4O10)2(OH,F)4 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Zincsilite | Zn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?) | Mon. |
9.EC.45 | Ferrosaponite | Ca0.3(Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.50 | Vermiculite | Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O | Mon. 2/m |
9.EC.55 | Baileychlore | (Zn,Fe2+,Al,Mg)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 | Tric. 1 |
9.EC.55 | Chamosite | (Fe2+,Mg,Al,Fe3+)6(Si,Al)4O10(OH,O)8 | Mon. |
9.EC.55 | Clinochlore | Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
9.EC.55 | Cookeite | (Al,Li)3Al2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)8 | Mon. 2/m |
9.EC.55 | Franklinfurnaceite | Ca2Fe3+Mn2+3Mn3+(Zn2Si2O10)(OH)8 | Mon. 2 : B2 |
9.EC.55 | Gonyerite | (Mn2+,Mg)5Fe3+(Fe3+Si3O10)(OH)8 | Orth. |
9.EC.55 | Nimite | (Ni,Mg,Al)6((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)8 | Mon. |
9.EC.55 | Orthochamosite | (Fe2+,Mg,Fe3+)5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8 | |
9.EC.55 | Pennantite | Mn2+5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8 | Tric. |
9.EC.55 | Sudoite | Mg2Al3(Si3Al)O10)(OH)8 | Mon. |
9.EC.55 | Donbassite | Al2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 · Al2.33(OH)6 | Mon. 2 : B2 |
9.EC.55 | Glagolevite | Na(Mg,Al)6(AlSi3O10)(OH,O)8 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
9.EC.55 | Borocookeite | LiAl4(Si3B)O10(OH)8 | |
9.EC.60 | Aliettite | Ca0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Corrensite | (Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O | Orth. |
9.EC.60 | Dozyite | Mg7Al2(Al2Si4O15)(OH)12 | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Hydrobiotite | K(Mg,Fe2+)6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Karpinskite | (Ni,Mg)2Si2O5(OH)2 (?) | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Kulkeite | Mg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10 | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Lunijianlaite | Li0.7Al6.2(AlSi7O20)(OH,O)10 | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Rectorite | (Na,Ca)Al4((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 2H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Saliotite | (Li,Na)Al3(AlSi3O10)(OH)5 | Mon. |
9.EC.60 | Tosudite | Na0.5(Al,Mg)6((Si,Al)8O18)(OH)12 · 5H2O | Mon. 2 : B2 |
9.EC.60 | Brinrobertsite | Na0.3Al4(Si4O10)2(OH)4 · 3.5 H2O | Mon. |
9.EC.65 | Macaulayite | (Fe,Al)24Si4O43(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.70 | Burckhardtite | Pb2(Fe3+Te6+)[AlSi3O8]O6 | Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : P3 1m |
9.EC.75 | Ferrisurite | (Pb,Ca)2.4Fe3+2(Si4O10)(CO3)1.7(OH)3 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.75 | Surite | (Pb,Ca)3(Al,Fe2+,Mg)2((Si,Al)4O10)(CO3)2(OH)2 | Mon. |
9.EC.75 | Niksergievite | (Ba,Ca)2Al3(AlSi3O10)(CO3)(OH)6 · nH2O | Mon. |
9.EC.80 | Kegelite | Pb8Al4(Si8O20)(SO4)2(CO3)4(OH)8 | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Dana Grouping (8th Ed.)
71.3.1b.1 | Sobotkite | (K,Ca0.5)0.33(Mg0.66Al0.33)3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 · 1-5H2O | Mon. |
71.3.1b.3 | Sauconite | Na0.3Zn3((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · 4H2O | Mon. |
71.3.1b.4 | Hectorite | Na0.3(Mg,Li)3(Si4O10)(F,OH)2 | Mon. |
71.3.1b.5 | Pimelite | Ni3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O | Hex. |
71.3.1b.6 | Stevensite | (Ca,Na)xMg3-x(Si4O10)(OH)2 | Mon. |
71.3.1b.7 | Yakhontovite | (Ca,Na)0.5(Cu,Fe,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · 3H2O | Mon. |
71.3.1b.8 | Zincsilite | Zn3Si4O10(OH)2 · 4H2O (?) | Mon. |
Related Minerals - Hey's Chemical Index of Minerals Grouping
16.7.1 | Pyrope | Mg3Al2(SiO4)3 | Iso. |
16.7.2 | Sapphirine | Mg4(Mg3Al9)O4[Si3Al9O36] | Mon. 2/m : P21/b |
16.7.3 | Sapphirine-1A | (Mg,Al,Fe2+)8[(Al,Si,Fe3+)6O18]O2 | Tric. 1 : P1 |
16.7.4 | Magnesiochloritoid | MgAl2(SiO4)O(OH)2 | Mon. 2/m : B2/b |
16.7.5 | Kulkeite | Mg8Al(AlSi7O20)(OH)10 | Mon. |
16.7.6 | Palygorskite | (Mg,Al)2Si4O10(OH) · 4H2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
16.7.8 | Aliettite | Ca0.2Mg6((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)4 · 4H2O | Mon. |
16.7.9 | Montmorillonite | (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O | Mon. 2/m : B2/m |
16.7.10 | Baumite |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
References for Saponite
Reference List:
Sort by Year (asc) | by Year (desc) | by Author (A-Z) | by Author (Z-A)
Palache, C., Vassar, H.E. (1925) Some minerals of the Keweenawan copper deposits: pumpellyite, a new mineral; sericite; saponite. American Mineralogist: 10: 412-418.
Fleischer, M. (1954) New mineral names. American Mineralogist: 39: 402-408.
Journal of the Mineral Society of Japan (1971): 6: 299-312.
Gailhanou, H., Blanc, P., Rogez, J., Mikaelian, G., Horiuchi, K., Yamamura, Y., Saito, K., Kawaji, H., Warmont, F., Grenèche, J.M., Vieillard, P., Fialips, C.I., Giffaut, E., Gaucher, E.C. (2013) Thermodynamic properties of saponite, nontronite, and vermiculite derived from calorimetric measurements. American Mineralogist: 98: 1834-1847.
Treiman, A.H., Morris, R.V., Agresti, D.G., Graff, T.G., Achilles, C.N., Rampe, E.B., Bristow, T.F., Ming, D.W., Blake, D.F., Vaniman, D.T., Bish, D.L., Chipera, S.J., Morrison, S.M., Downs, R.T. (2014) Ferrian saponite from the Santa Monica Mountains (California, U.S.A., Earth): Characterization as an analog for clay minerals on Mars with application to Yellowknife Bay in Gale Crater. American Mineralogist: 99: 2234-2250.
Internet Links for Saponite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3528.html
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Localities for Saponite
Locality List




All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Algeria | |
| Greshake, A., Krot, A. N. & Keil, K. (2004) Mineralogy and Chemistry of Fine-grained Matrices, Rims, and Dark Inclusions in the CR Carbonaceous Chondrites Acfer/El Djouf 001 and the Ungrouped Carbonaceous Chondrites Acfer 094 and Adelaide. Workshop on Chondrites and Protoplanetary Disk, pdf.9041. (Nov 2004) |
Antarctica | |
| Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998): Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998) |
| Smellie, J.L., Pankhurst, R., Thomson, M.R.A., Davies, R.E.S. (1984) The geology of the South Shetland Islands: VI. Stratigraphy, geochemistry and evolution. Cambridge, British Antarctic Survey, 85 pages. (British Antarctic Survey Scientific Reports, 87). |
| Mozer, A. (2012). Pre-glacial sedimentary facies of the Point Thomas Formation (Eocene) at Cytadela, Admiralty Bay, King George Island, West Antarctica. Polish Polar Research, 33(1), 41-62. |
Rangel, C. V. G. T., Orlando, M. T. D. A., Jardim, H. A., Almeida, I. C. C., de Sá Mendonça, E., de Bortoli Teixeira, D., ... & Schaefer, C. E. (2019). Provenance and Alteration of Glacial Sediments in King George Island, Antarctica. Journal of Sedimentary Environments, 4(1), 124-142. | |
Atlantic Ocean | |
| Milinovic, J.; Dias, Á.A.; Janeiro, A.I.; Pereira, M.F.; Martins, S.; Petersen, S.; Barriga, F.J. (2020) XRD Identification of Ore Minerals during Cruises: Refinement of Extraction Procedure with Sodium Acetate Buffer. Minerals 10, 160. |
Australia | |
| England, B.M. (2000) Additonal Na-rich zeolite species and their associations from Ardglen, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, 6(1), 33-40. |
England, B.M. (1996) Zeolites and associated Minerals from Borambil, New South Wales, Australia. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol.2:1, 11-20. | |
England, B.M. (2002) Zeolites and associated minerals from the Krui Valley, Merriwa, New South Wales. Australian Journal of Mineralogy, Vol. 8, 61-71. | |
| Crawford, E.A. (1973) Igneous Rock Deposits, Central Sydney Basin. Geological Survey of New South Wales Department of Mines Report GS1973/441. |
Head, B. (1979): Zeolites of the Garrawilla Volcanics, New South Wales, Australian Mineralogist No. 23, June 1979 p109-111. Head, Brian: (1979) Zeolites from the Garrawilla Volcanics, NSW, Journal of the Mineralogical Society of N.S.W. Vol 1 1979, p10. MILLER, S.A. and TAYLOR, J.C. (1985). Neutron single crystal diffraction of an Australian stellerite. Zeolites, 5(1), 7-10; ENGLAND, B.M. and SUTHERLAND, F.L (1988). Volcanic zeolites and associated minerals from New South Wales. The Mineralogical Record, 19(6), Australia issue, 389-406. England, B.M. (1989) The identification of stellerite in the Garrawilla Volcanics, New South Wales. The Australian Mineralogist, 4(2), 57-62. | |
| Australian Journal of Mineralogy 4:123-129 |
| England, B.M., Sutherland, F.L. (1988) Volcanic Zeolites and Associated Minerals from New South Wales. The Mineralogical Record, 19(6), 394-397. |
| Vic Cloete. |
| |
| R Bottrill, unpublished. Analyses |
| R Bottrill unpub data |
| |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| http://www.crocoite.com/locationbulletins/part1/zeolites.pdf |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| Bottrill, R., Goemann, K., (2020) Mineralogical Analyses, Eagle Rd Quarry, Sidling. MRT Unpub. Rept, 2018-084b |
| R Bottrill, unpublished data |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| Anderson, P., Bottrill, R. & Davidson, P. (2002): Famous mineral localities: The Lord Brassey mine, Tasmania. Mineralogical Record 33, 321-332 |
| Ref: FL Sutherland & RS Bottrill (2004) Zeolites of western Tasmania. Australian Jornal of Mineralogy 10:2 pp 59-72 |
| Bottrill, R.S., Baker, W.E. (2008) A Catalogue of the Minerals of Tasmania. Geological Survey Tasmania Bulletin 73, 254 pages. |
| Murrin Murrin Nickel Laterite Deposit, WA; M.A. Wells, CSIRO Exploration and Mining; CRC LEME 2003 |
Austria | |
| G. Niedermayr, I. Praetzel: Mineralien Kärntens, 1995 |
| matrixx 5, p.26-30 |
| Götzinger, M. A. (1987): Vermiculitvorkommen der Böhmischen Masse in Österreich und ihre Entstehung. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges., 132, 135-156. |
| Niedermayr, G. (1990): Eine bemerkenswerte Zeolithparagenese aus einem Serpentinitsteinbruch bei Pingendorf in Niederösterreich. Mineralien-Welt, 1 (2), 31-34.; Götzinger, M. A., Beran, A. & Libowitzky, E. (1994): Exkursion A: Mineralvorkommen und Lagerstätten im östlichen Waldviertel. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges. 139, 389-405. |
| Database „Minerale NÖ“ (A. Thinschmidt and co-workers) |
| GÖTZINGER, Michael A. (1987a): Mineralogy and Genesis of Vermiculite in Serpentinites of the Bohemian Massif in Austria.- Miner. Petr., 36/2, 93-110, Wien - New York. |
| Götzinger, M. A. (1987): Vermiculitvorkommen der Böhmischen Masse in Österreich und ihre Entstehung. Mitt. Österr. Mineral. Ges., 132, 135-156. |
| Aufschluss 1972(SB), 76-79 |
| Alker, A. (1972) Mineralien aus der Ultramafit-Masse von Kraubath. Der Aufschluß: 22: 80-83. |
| C.Auer (2019) |
| Taucher, J. et al. (1989) |
Bolivia | |
| Salomon Rivas y Federico Ahlfeld (1998) Los Minerales de Bolivia y sus Parajes. (Santa Cruz) |
Brazil | |
| Geological Survey Professional Paper 327 (U.S. Department of the Interior, 1959) |
| D Atencio & R Hypolito ()Fosfatos e silicatos secunderos de uranio de Perus, Sao Paulo |
Fosfatos e Silicatos Secundários de Urânio de Perus, São Paulo - Atencio, Daniel and Hypolito, Raphael - Revista Brasileira de Geociências, março de 1994 | |
Canada | |
| www.em.gov.bc.ca/cf/minfile; Simandl, G. J., Hancock, K. D., Callaghan, B., Paradis, S., & Yorke-Hardy, R. (1997). Klinker Precious Opal Deposit, South Central British Columbia, Canada-Field Observations and Potential Deposit-Scale Controls. British Columbia Ministry of Energy and Mines, 321-327. |
| Tanner, L.H. (1994) Distribution and origin of clay minerals in the Lower Jurassic McCoy Brook Formation, Minas Basin, Nova Scotia. Sedimentary Geology: 92: 229-239. |
| Hogarth (1997) Canadian Mineralogist 35, 53-78. |
| Willet Miller (1905) Sessional Papers (Mines Report) By Ontario. Legislative Assembly (11th Session) |
| [www.johnbetts-fineminerals.com] |
| Wight & Chao (1995) Rocks & Minerals 70(2), 133. |
| TARASSOFF, P., HORVÁTH, L. and PFENNINGER-HORVÁTH, E. (2006) Famous mineral localities: the Francon quarry, Montréal, Québec. Mineralogical Record, 37, 5-60. |
| Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII (2001); Zolensky, T., Nakamura, K. & Gounelle,M., Mikouchi,T., Tachikawa. O. & Tonui E. (2002). Phyllosilicate-rich Micrometeorites and Their Origins: Implication from Comparison of Mineralogy of Tagish Lake: An ungrouped type 2 carbonaceous Chondrite. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 37(5), 737-761. (May 2002.) ; Izawa, M. R. M., Flemming, R . L., King, P. L., Peterson, R. C. & McCausland, P. J. A.(2010) Mineralogical and spectroscopic investigations of the Tagish Lake carbonaceous chondrite by X-ray diffraction and infrared reflectance spectra. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 45 (4): 675-698. (April 2010).; Geological Association of Canada (2014) Abstracts Fredericton Vol 37 |
Central African Republic | |
| Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998). Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998) |
Chile | |
| Howard Minerals specimens, April 1984; Diederik Visser photo. |
China | |
| Minzhi Yang (2004): Contributions to Geology and Mineral Resources Research 19(3), 143-156 |
| Vielreicher, R.M., Vielreicher, N.M., Hagemann, S.G., and Jones, G. (2003): Mineralium Deposita 38, 538-554 |
| Hongkui Li, Xiulin Tian, Yuelin Wang, Yubo Zhang, Taitao Liang, and Jimei Liu (2010): Shandong Land and Resources 26(11), 1-7 |
| Yanling Tang (2005): Non-metallic deposits of Xinjiang, China [Zhongguo Xinjiang Fei Jinshu Kuangchuang]. Geological Publishing House (Beijing), 289 pp. |
| Haiyang Zou, Tagen Dai, and Xiangzhao Hu (2002): Mineral Deposits 21(suppl.), 565-568 |
Cyprus | |
| Prüfer, P. (2010): Mineralien der Insel Zypern. Der Aufschluss 61, 97-106. (in German) |
| Antivachis, D.N. (2015) The geology of the northern part of the apliki Cyprus-type ore deposit. Bulletin of the Geological Society of Greece, vol. XLIX, 4 - 28. |
Czech Republic | |
| Litochleb, J.: Markovice a Horky u Čáslavi – klasické lokality zeolitů v alpských žilách. Minerál, 1996, roč. 4, č. 2, s. 98-100. |
| Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2000, s. 61. |
| Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2000, s. 57-58. |
| Welser, P.: Minerály pegmatitů a alpské parageneze z Rudolfova u Českých Budějovic. Bulletin Mineralogicko-petrografického oddělení Národního muzea v Praze, 2002, roč. 10, s. 293-297. |
| Melka, K. et al.: Celadonite and saponite nodules from Tertiary volcanic breccia of Račí vrch Hill, České středohoří Mts. Acta Universitatis Carolinae – Geologica, 2000, vol. 44, nos. 2-4, pp. 109-116. |
| Pauliš, P.: Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Čech II. Kutná Hora: Kuttna, 2003, s. 96 - 98. |
| Houzar, S.: Přehled minerálů amfibolitového lomu v Mirošově (západní Morava), Minerál, 1999, roč. 7, č. 4, s. 294-296. |
| Petr Pauliš (2001): Nejzajímavější mineralogická naleziště Moravy a Slezska. Kuttna, Kutná Hora. |
DR Congo | |
| Zolensky, M. E. (1991) Mineralogy and matrix composition of CR chondrites Renazzo and EET 87770, and ungrouped chondrites Essebi and MAC 87300. In: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Abstracts for the 54th Annual Meeting of the Meteoritical Society: p 263. (Jan 1991). |
Egypt | |
| Treiman, A. H. & Gooding, J. L. (1991) Iddingsite in the Nakhla meteorite: TEM study of mineralogy and texture of pre-terrestrial (Martian?) alterations. Meteoritics, vol. 26, p. 402. |
El Salvador | |
| Raymond, J., Williams-Jones, A. E., & Clark, J. R. (2005). Mineralization associated with scale and altered rock and pipe fragments from the Berlin geothermal field, El Salvador; implications for metal transport in natural systems. Journal of volcanology and geothermal research, 145(1), 81-96. |
Faroe Islands | |
Knut Edvard Larsen collection # 415 | |
| Sussex Mineral and Lapidary Society (SMLS) Journal 234 Nov/Dec 2011 |
Finland | |
| Uusinoka, R. 1975. A study of composition of rock-gouge in fractures of Finnish Precambrian bedrock. Commentationes Physico-Mathematicae Societas Scientiarum Fennica, 45 (1). 101 s. |
| http://www.geologinenseura.fi/bulletin/Volume69/sgs_bt_069_pages_005_030.pdf |
France | |
| Ch. Robert, B. Goffé and P. Saliot : "Zeolitization of a basaltic flow in a continental environment : an example of mass transfer under thermal control", Bull. Minéral., 1988, 111, pp. 207-223. |
Ch. Robert, B. Goffé and P. Saliot : "Zeolitization of a basaltic flow in a continental environment : an example of mass transfer under thermal control", Bull. Minéral., 1988, 111, pp. 207-223. | |
| E. Passaglia et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1985, 108, pp. 719-724. see also : http://membres.lycos.fr/volcanogeol/prismation/sites_france.htm |
| Chauris, L. (2014): Minéraux de Bretagne, Les Editions du Piat, 292. |
| Lacroix A. (1904): Note sur la minéralogie de Tahiti. Bulletin de la Société française de minéralogie et crystallographie: 27: 272-279. |
| Giret, A., Verdier, O. & Nativel, P. (1992). The zeolitisation of Kerguelen Islands, Southern Indian Ocean. In: Yoshida, Y., et al. (eds) Recent Progress in Antarctic Earth Science, Tokyo: Terra Publishing 32, 1–36. Co., pp. 457–463.; Renac, C., Kyser, K., Bowden, P., Moine, B., & Cottin, J. Y. (2010). Hydrothermal fluid interaction in basaltic lava units, Kerguelen Archipelago (SW Indian Ocean). European Journal of Mineralogy, 22(2), 215-234. |
| Marrocchi, Y., Gounelle, M., Blanchard, I., Caste, F. & Kearsley, A.T. (2014) The Paris CM chondrite: secondary minerals and asteroidal processing. Meteoritics & Planetary Science: 49 (7): 12321249. (July 2014). |
| T. Sameshima et al. , Am. Min. , 1983, 68, pp. 1076-1082. / C. Campiglio et al. , Bull. Minéral. , 1986, 109, pp. 423-440. |
| Claude Laforêt, Pierre Monchoux,.Elisabeth Oudin, Francis Tollon,.[et al.], 1983, Inventaire minéralogique de la France n°11, Ariège 09-1 Bassin versant du Salat, BRGM , pp 110-111, Etang de Lherz S. S. 4. |
| Kazushige Tomeoka & Peter R. Buseck (1988). Matrix mineralogy of the Orgueil CI carbonaceous chondrite. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 52, #6, 1627-1640. (June 1988).; Gounelle, M. & Zolensky, M. E. (2014) The Orgueil Meteorite: 150 years of history. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 49(10): 1769-1794. (Oct 2014) |
Germany | |
| Walenta, K. (1992) Die Mineralien des Schwarzwaldes und ihre Fundstellan. Christian Weise Verlag, München, 336 pages [in German]. |
| Habel, M. (2009): Der Granodioritbruch der Fa. Josef Uhrmann OHG, Steinerleinbach bei Röhrnbach. Mineralien-Welt 20 (2), 66-86. |
| A. Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", Schweizerbart (Stuttgart), 2001 |
| Wittern: "Mineralfundorte in Deutschland", 2001 |
| S. Weiß: "Mineralfundstellen, Deutschland West", Weise (Munich), 1990; Sperling, T., and Zahnleiter, W. (1991): Lapis 17(4), 18-20 |
| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag, München, 320 pages. |
| Weiss, S. (1990) Mineralfundstellen Atlas, Deutschland West. Weise Verlag, München, 320 pages. |
| |
| Lapis 2/2011 |
| No reference listed |
| Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (2. Auflage), 1987 |
| Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (2. Auflage), 1987 |
| Hentschel, G., Die Mineralien der Eifelvulkane, Weise Verlag, München (2. Auflage), 1987 |
| Blaß, G. and Kruijen, F. (2015) Neuigkeiten aus der Vulkaneifel (II/2015). Mineralien-Welt, 26(5), 80-90. |
| SEM-EDS and XRD by Joy Desor and Gerhard Möhn |
| D.F. Mertz et al. : "Isotopic dating of adularia-bearing epigenetic mineralizations : I. Saar-Nahe region/Southwest Germany", Eur. J. Mineral, 1990, 2, pp. 89-102.. |
| Schüller, A., Köhler, R., and Reh, H. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 279-290. |
Greece | |
| Katerinopoulos, A. & Zissimopoulou, E. (1994): New mineral occurences from the Laurium mines. Mineralogical Record, 25, 279-280. |
| No reference listed |
No reference listed | |
| Gunnar Färber specimens |
Hungary | |
| Tokody, L., Mándy, T. & Nemes-Varga, S. (1957): Mauritzit, ein neues Mineral von Erdőbénye (Ungarn). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 33-39. Tokody, L. (1962): Mauritzit ein selbständiges Mineral. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 54, 27-30. Weiszburg, T., Bada, G., Dódony, I., Jánosi, M., Lovas, Gy., Nagy-Balogh, J., Czakó-Nagy, I., Nagy, S. & Papp, G. (1993): "Mauritzite", a special saponite variety from Erdőbénye, NE Hungary. Topographia Mineralogica Hungariae, 1, 57-67 (in Hung. with English abstract). ; Tokody, L., Mándy, T. & Nemes-Varga, S. (1957): Mauritzit, ein neues Mineral von Erdőbénye (Ungarn). Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie - Monatshefte, 33-39. Tokody, L. (1962): Mauritzit ein selbständiges Mineral. Annales Historico-Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 54, 27-30. Weiszburg, T., Bada, G., Dódony, I., Jánosi, M., Lovas, Gy., Nagy-Balogh, J., Czakó-Nagy, I., Nagy, S. & Papp, G. (1993): "Mauritzite", a special saponite variety from Erdőbénye, NE Hungary. Topographia Mineralogica Hungariae, 1, 57-67 (in Hung. with English abstract); Society of Economic Geologists Student Chapter University of Miskolc (2018) Short course – Industrial minerals in the NE part of Hungary. Telkibánya November 5–8. 2018. |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998). Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998) ; Kimura, M., & Ikeda, Y. (1998). Hydrous and anhydrous alterations of chondrules in Kaba and Mokoia CV chondrites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 33(5), 1139-1146.; Grady, M. M., Pratesi, G. & Moggi Cecchi, V. (2015) Atlas of Meteorites. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge, United Kingdom. 373 pages. |
| Koch: Minerals of Hungary, 1985 |
| |
| Szakáll-Gatter-Szendrei:Mineral Species of Hungary,2005 |
| Mineral Species of Hungary, 2005 |
| Topographia Mineralogica Hungariae VI.; Harangi, S. et al. (2009): Dunabogdány: Zeolites, laccolith, contact zone, Field Trip 2, 9th September 2009. MinPet2009 field trip booklet, 17 pp. |
| Szakáll & Jánosi: Minerals of Hungary, 1995 |
| KOVÁCS-PÁLFFY, P. et al. (2005): A Karikás-tető (Prága-hegy, Balaton-felvidék) bazaltjának üregkitöltő ásványai [The cavity filling minerals of the basalt from Karikás-tető (Prága Hill, Balaton Highland, Transdanubia)]. A Magyar Állami Földtani Intézet Évi Jelentése, 95-118. [http://www.mafi.hu/microsites/EJ_digi/EJ_2005PDF/Kovacs_Palffy.pdf] |
| Analized in Geological Institute of Hungary (Péter Kónya) |
Iceland | |
| Ágústsdóttir, A. M., & Brantley, S. L. (1994). Volatile fluxes integrated over four decades at Grímsvötn volcano, Iceland. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 99(B5), 9505-9522. |
India | |
| Meteoritics & Planetary Science, Volume 38, Issue 3, Pages 327-478 (March 2003) , pp. 365-381(17) |
| Götze, J.; Hofmann, B.; Machałowski, T.; Tsurkan, M.V.; Jesionowski, T.; Ehrlich, H.; Kleeberg, R.; Ottens, B. (2020) Biosignatures in Subsurface Filamentous Fabrics (SFF) from the Deccan Volcanic Province, India. Minerals 10, 540. |
| Götze, J.; Hofmann, B.; Machałowski, T.; Tsurkan, M.V.; Jesionowski, T.; Ehrlich, H.; Kleeberg, R.; Ottens, B. (2020) Biosignatures in Subsurface Filamentous Fabrics (SFF) from the Deccan Volcanic Province, India. Minerals 10, 540. |
| AmMin 88:1983–1988, (2003) |
| Buchanan, P. C., Zolensky, M. E., & Reid, A. M. (1993) Carbonaceous chondrite clasts in the howardites Bholghati and EET87513: Meteoritics 28 (5): 659-669. (Dec 1993) |
Indian Ocean | |
| D. Besse et al. , Bell. Minéral. , 1981, 104, pp. 56-63. |
Indonesia | |
| Analyses by Alfredo Petrov and John Attard, January 2017. |
Italy | |
| • Barresi, A.A., Kolitsch, U., Ciriotti, M.E., Ambrino, P., Bracco, R., Bonacina, E. (2005): La miniera di manganese di Varenche (Aosta, Italia nord-occidentale): ardennite, arseniopleite, manganberzeliite, pirofanite, sarkinite, thortveitite, nuovo As-Sc-analogo della metavariscite e altre specie. Micro (località), 2/2005, 81-122. |
| Buseck, P. R., and Hua, X. (1993) Matrices of carbonaceous chondrite meteorites. Annual Review of Earth & Planetary Sciences, 21, 255-305. |
| Krot, A.N., Scott, E.R.D., and Zolensky, Z.M. (1995) Mineralogical and chemical modification of components in CV3 Chondrites: Nebular or asteroidal processing? Meteoritics & Planetary Science, 30, 6, 748-775; Tomeoka, K., and Tanimura, I. (2000) Phyllosilicate-rich chondrule rims in the Vigarano CV3 chondrite: Evidence for parent-body processes. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64, 11, 1971–1988. |
| Morandi, N., Felice, G., Grillini, G.C., Pini, G.A. (1982) Studio mineralogico-petrografico dei litotipi dell'ofiolite di Serra del Zanchetto (Bologna). Rendiconti della Società Italiana di Mineralogia e Petrologia, 38, 2, 849-855. |
| ADORNI F., GUELFI F. (1997) - La miniera di Fe e Cu di Corchia, Berceto, Appennino Parmense. - Riv. Min. It., N. 3, 217-250. |
| Veniale, F., and van der Marel, H.W. (1968): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 17, 237-254. |
| www.asahi-net.or.jp/~UG7S-KTU/e_saponi.htm. |
| Antofilli, Borgo, Palenzona, 1985. I nostri minerali. Geologia e mineralogia in Liguria. Edizioni Melita, La Spezia. |
| |
| Cerea, F., Brena, I., Piccinelli, C., Ciriotti, M.E., Marengo, A., Bittarello, E., Bonacina, E., Appiani, R., Bracco, R. (2019): Minerali in Valle di Stabio, Val Camonica, Brescia. Micro, 17, 114-155. |
| E. Passaglia and A. Tagliavini : "Chabazite-offretite epitaxial overgrowths in cornubianite from Passo Forcel Rosso, Adamello, Italy", European Journal of Mineralogy, 1994, Vol. 6, N° 3, pp. 397-405. |
| Bedognè, F., Montrasio, A., Sciesa, E. (1993) I minerali della provincia di Sondrio: Valmalenco. Bettini, Sondrio, 275 pp. |
| Bedognè, F., Montrasio, A., Sciesa, E. (2006) I minerali della media-alta Valtellina, delle Orobie valtellinesi e della Val Poschiavo. Aggiornamenti sulle altre località della provincia di Sondrio. Bettini, Sondrio, 255 pp. |
| G.C. Piccoli, G. Maletto, P. Bosio, B. Lombardo. I minerali del Piemonte e della Vall d'Aosta. Ass. Amici del museo "F. Eusebio", Alba, 2007. |
| Appiani, R., Cini, V., Gentile, P., Mattioli, V., Preite, D., Vignola, P. (1995): Val Vigezzo - I minerali delle albititi. Ed. Linea Due S.r.l., Marnate (Varese), 90 pp.; Boscardin, M., Mattioli, V., Rocchetti, I. (2013): Minerali della Valle Vigezzo. Litotipografia Alcione, Lavis (Trento), 229 pp. |
| "Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)" |
"Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)" | |
| Manuella, F.C. (2011) Vein mineral assemblage in partially serpentinized peridotite xenoliths from Hyblean Plateau (south-eastern Sicily, Italy). Periodico di Mineralogia, 80, 2, 247-266; Correale, A., Scribano, V., and Paonita, A. (2019) A volcanological paradox in a thin-section: large explosive eruptions of high-Mg magmas explained through a vein of silicate glass in a serpentinized peridotite xenolith (Hyblean area, Sicily). Geosciences, 9(4), 150. |
| Brizzi G., Meli R., 1996. I minerali della formazione ofiolitica dell'Impruneta (FI). Riv. Miner. Ital., 20: 81-98. |
| Brizzi G., Meli R., Olmi F. (1996): I minerali delle ofioliti del Monte Ferrato (Prato). Riv. Mineral. Ital., 20, 4 (4-1996), 217-234. |
| Mattioli, M., Cenni, M., and Raffaelli, G. (2008) I Minerali del Veronese. Le mineralizzazioni secondarie delle rocce vulcaniche dei Monti Lessini. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 2a serie, Sezione Scienze della Terra 7-2008, 196 pp. |
Mattioli, M., Cenni, M., and Raffaelli, G. (2008) I Minerali del Veronese. Le mineralizzazioni secondarie delle rocce vulcaniche dei Monti Lessini. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 2a serie, Sezione Scienze della Terra 7-2008, 196 pp. | |
Mattioli, M., Cenni, M., and Raffaelli, G. (2008) I Minerali del Veronese. Le mineralizzazioni secondarie delle rocce vulcaniche dei Monti Lessini. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 2a serie, Sezione Scienze della Terra 7-2008, 196 pp. | |
Mattioli, M., Cenni, M., and Raffaelli, G. (2008) I Minerali del Veronese. Le mineralizzazioni secondarie delle rocce vulcaniche dei Monti Lessini. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 2a serie, Sezione Scienze della Terra 7-2008, 196 pp.; Boscardin, M. (2014) Provincia di Verona. In: Zorzi, F., and Boscardin, M., (eds.), Minerali del Veneto. Alla scoperta dei tesori della nostra regione. Museo di Storia Naturale e Archeologia di Montebelluna - Treviso, Cierre Edizioni, Sommacampagna, 153-171. | |
Mattioli, M., Cenni, M., and Raffaelli, G. (2008) I Minerali del Veronese. Le mineralizzazioni secondarie delle rocce vulcaniche dei Monti Lessini. Memorie del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Verona, 2a serie, Sezione Scienze della Terra 7-2008, 196 pp. | |
Pegoraro, S., Bressan, F., and Mattioli, M. (2017) Le zeoliti di quota 194 m s.l.m. del Monte Foscarino (Soave, Monte Lessini, Veneto). Micro, 15, 2-2017, 66-91. | |
| Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183; - Boscardin M.,Daleffe A.,Rocchetti I., Zordan A. (2011) " Minerali del Vicentino - Aggiornamenti, località e nuove determinazioni " Museo di Archeologia e Scienze Naturali “G. Zannato” – Montecchio Maggiore (Vicenza), pp.183 |
| Analysis by Michele Mattioli (Urbino University) |
| "Giorgio Bortolozzi (visual identification)" |
Ivory Coast | |
| Pouclet A. et al. (2004) C.R.Geoscience 336, 9-17 |
Japan | |
| Hideo Kuroda (1978) Kuroko deposits occurring in mudstone at the Matsuki mine, Akita Prefecture, northeast Japan. Mining Geology 28:313-323. |
| INOUE, A., & UTADA, M. (1991). Hydrothermal Alteration in the Kamikita Kuroko Mineralization Area. Mining Geology, 41(228), 203-218. |
| Masaru Yamaguchi (1964) Petrogenic Significance of Ultrabasic Inclusions in Basaltic Rocks from Southwest Japan. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Series D, Geology, 15, #1, 163-219. |
| Dr. Kameki Kinoshita collection (curated at Geological Survey of Japan) |
| Nambu, Matsuo; Tanida, Katsutoshi; Kitamura, Tsuyoshi (1979): Mineralogical study of manganese silicate ores in northeastern Japan. 26. Manganese and iron rich saponite from Noda-Tamagawa Mine, Iwate Prefecture. Tohoku Daigaku Senko Seiren Kenkyusho Iho 35(2), 106-114 (in Japanese). |
| Econ Geol (1985) 80:283-293 |
| Yamada, S. (2004) Nihonsankoubutsu Gojuonhairetsu sanchi-ichiranhyou. p 60. |
| Narita, E. (1961). Wall rock alteration in the kanoko vein Swarm, Hosokura Mine, Miyagi prefecture, north-east Japan. Journal of the Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University. Series 4, Geology and mineralogy= 北海道大學理學部紀要, 11(1), 59-75. |
| Ohe Rikosha specimens |
| PXRD + XRF by Alfredo Petrov, 28-08-2017. |
Alfredo Petrov collection | |
| Alfredo Petrov - unpublished |
| No reference listed |
Lithuania | |
| Zolensky, M. E., Weisberg, M. K., Buchanan, P. C. & Mittlefehldt, D. W. (1996) Mineralogy of carbonaceous chondrite clasts in HED achondrites and the Moon: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31 ( 4): 518-537. (July 1996) |
Madagascar | |
| Lacroix, A. (1898): Matériaux pour la Minéralogie de Madagascar. I. Zeolites et minéraux cuprifères de Bekiady. Bulletin du Muséum national d'histoire naturelle 4 : 291-292 |
Mexico | |
| Yta, M., Mundo, N. F., Gutiérrez, C. D., Tovar, R. M., Almazán, A. D., & Mendoza, O. T. (2005). Mineralogy and geochemistry of sulfide-bearing tailings from silver mines in the Taxco, Mexico area to evaluate their potential environmental impact. Geofísica internacional, 44(1), 49-64. |
Middle East | |
Gross, S. (1977): The Mineralogy of the Hatrurim Formation, Israel. Geological Survey of Israel, Bulletin no. 70, 80 pp. | |
Netherlands | |
| www.excaliburmineral.com/cdintro/sapon.htm. |
New Zealand | |
| Collection of RJ Martin |
| Collection of RJ Martin correlated to similar exposures in Waitakere Ranges |
| Black, P.M. and Sameshima, T. Geological and mineralogical investigation of the andesites from road aggregate quarries in the Waitakere Hills. Unpublished (undated but circa late 1970's) report for Waitemata City Council. |
| de Ronde, C.E.J.; Hannington, M.D.; Stoffers, P.; Wright, I.C.; Ditchburn, R.G.; Reyes, A.G.; Baker, E.T.; Massoth, G.J.; Lupton, J.E.; Walker, S.L.; Greene, R.R.; Soong, C.W.R.; Ishibashi, J.; Lebon, G.T.; Bray, C.J.; Resing, J.A. 2005 Evolution of a submarine magmatic-hydrothermal system : Brothers volcano, southern Kermadec arc, New Zealand. Economic geology, 100(6): 1097-1133; A. G. Reyes, C.E.J. DE Ronde, and C. W. R. Soong (2004) a Submarine Magmatic-hydrothermal System at Brothers Volcano, Kermadecs. Proceedings 26th NZ Geothermal Workshop pp 46-52 |
| Courtney, S.F. (1991) Secondary Minerals in the Waipoua Basalt at Kawerua. TANE, (The Journal of the Auckland University Field Club) 33, 1-8. |
| Kimura, M. & Ikeda, Y. (1998). Hydrous and anhydrous alterations of chondrules in Kaba and Mokoia CV chondrites. Meteoritics & Planetary Science 33 (5): 955–1198. (Sept 1998). |
| Singh, R.S. (2015) Identifying Mineralogical and Geochemical Vectors towards the Epithermal Au-Ag Correnso Mine, Waihi. (unpublished thesis, MSc), Univerity of Waikato. |
| Spratt, P.R., Rodgers, K.A. (1975) The Ngatutura Volcanics, Southwest Auckland. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 5:2, 163-178. |
| Hutton, C.O. (1942) The igneous rocks of the Brocken Range-Ngahape area Eastern Wellington, Transactions and Proceedings of the Royal Society of New Zealand, 01 January 1942. |
Northwest Africa Meteorites | |
Fintor, K., Park, C., Nagy, S., Pál-Molnár, E. & Krot, A. N (2014) Hydrothermal origin of hexagonal CaAl2Si2O8 (dmisteinbergite) in a type A CAI from the Northwest Africa 2086 CV3 Chondrite: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 49 (5): 812-823 (May 2014) | |
Norway | |
| Breivik, H. (2001): Mineralene i Ravneberget pukkverk, Søndeled. Norsk Bergverksmuseum Skrift. 18: 31- 36 |
| Moum, J. & Soppen, J. I. (1964): Contribution to the Mineralogy of Norway No 27. Saponite from Veo, Jotunheimen. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift 44: 365-371 |
| Knut Edvard Larsen collection # MM-2446 |
| Jamtveit B., Dahlgren S. and Austrheim H. (1997): High-grade contact metamorphism of calcareous rocks from the Oslo Rift, Southern Norway. American Mineralogist. 82 : 1241 - 1254 |
| Furnes, H., Mitchell, J.G., Robins, B., Ryan, P., Skjerlie, F. J. (1982): Petrography and geochemistry of peralkaline, ultrapotassic syenite dykes of Middle Permian age, Sunnfjord, West Norway. Norsk Geologisk Tidsskrift, 62, 147-159. |
| Kvamsdal, L.O. (1993): Noen mineraler fra nordmarkitten mellom Roa og Maura. STEIN 20 (1), 30-45 |
Papua New Guinea | |
| Gonzalez-Alvarez, I., Sweetapple, M., Lindley, I. D., & Kirakar, J. (2013). Hydrothermal Ni: Doriri Creek, Papua New Guinea. Ore Geology Reviews, 52, 37-57. |
Poland | |
| Personally collected by Zając Piotr in 2008-2012 |
| Eligiusz Szełęg collection |
| Gil, G.; Gunia, P.; Barnes, J.D.; Szymański, M.; Jokubauskas, P.; Kalbarczyk-Gil, A.; Bagiński, B. (2020) Origin of Talc and Fe-Ti-V Mineralization in the Kletno Deposit (the Śnieżnik Massif, SW Poland). Minerals 10, 13. |
| Czeslaw Haranczyk and Karol Prchazka (1974) Hydrous magnesium-nickel silicates from Wiry, Lower Silesia. Prace Muzeum Ziemi, 22, 3-64 (in Polish, with English summary, p.56-62) |
| Spangenberg, K. (1949): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1(5/6), 529-535. |
| Spangenberg, K., and Müller, M. (1949): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1(5/6), 560-572. |
Pieczka, A., Evans, R. J., Grew, E. S., Groat, L. A., Ma, C., & Rossman, G. R. (2013). The dumortierite supergroup. II. Three new minerals from the Szklary pegmatite, SW Poland: Nioboholtite,(Nb0. 6⃞0. 4) Al6BSi3O18, titanoholtite,(Ti0. 75⃞0. 25) Al6BSi3O18, and szklaryite, ⃞Al6BAs33+ O15. Mineralogical Magazine, 77(6), 2841-2856. | |
Spangenberg, K., and Müller, M. (1949): Die lateritische Zersetzung des Peridotits bei der Bildung der Nickelerzlagerstätte von Frankenstein in Schlesien. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 1(5/6), 560-572 | |
Portugal | |
| Pedro Alves collection |
Russia | |
| Sklyarov, E.V., Karyakin, Yu.V., Karmanov, N.S., Tolstykh, N.D. (2016): Platinum-group minerals in dolerites from Alexandra Land Island: (Franz Josef Land Archipelago). Russian Geology and Geophysic: 57: 834–841 |
| Pashkevich, M.A.; Alekseenko, A.V. (2020) Reutilization Prospects of Diamond Clay Tailings at the Lomonosov Mine, Northwestern Russia. Minerals 10, 517. |
| Kononova, V.A., Golubeva, Y.Y., Bogatikov, O.A., and Kargin, A.V. (2007): Geology of Ore Deposits 49(6), 421-441.; Kononova, V.A., Golubeva, Y.Y., Bogatikov, O.A., and Kargin, A.V. (2007): Diamond Resource Potential of Kimberlites from the Zimny Bereg Field, Arkhangel’sk Oblast. Geology of Ore Deposits 49(6), 421-441. |
| Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology Volume 147, Number 3, 363-383 |
| Keller, L. P. & McKay, D. S. (1993). Aqueous Alteration of the Grosnaja CV3 Carbonaceous Chondrite, Meteoritics 28 (3), p. 378. (1993). |
| Talovina, I.V., Lazarenkov, V.G., Ryzhkova, S.O., Ugol'kov, V.L., and Vorontsova, N.I. (2008): Lithology and Mineral Resources 43(6), 588-595. |
| Igor Savin's data |
| Talovina, I.V., Lazarenkov, V.G., Ryzhkova, S.O., Ugol'kov, V.L., and Vorontsova, N.I. (2008): Lithology and Mineral Resources 43(6), 588-595.; Berger, V.I., Singer, D.A., Bliss, J.D., and Moring, B.C., 2011, Ni-Co laterite deposits of the world; database and grade and tonnage models: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2011-1058. |
| A. E. Zadov data |
| Gurbanov, A.G., Bogatikov, O.A., Dokuchaev, A.Y., Gazeev, V.M., Abramov, S.S., Groznova, E.O., and Shevchenko, A.V. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(3), 199-217. |
| Chayka, I.F.; Zhitova, L.M.; Antsiferova, T.N.; Abersteiner, A.; Shevko, A.Y.; Izokh, A.E.; Tolstykh, N.D.; Gora, M.P.; Chubarov, V.M.; Kamenetsky, V.S. (2020) In-Situ Crystallization and Continuous Modification of Chromian Spinel in the “Sulfide-Poor Platinum-Group Metal Ores” of the Norilsk-1 Intrusion (Northern Siberia, Russia). Minerals 10, 498. |
| Pekov, I.V. & Podlesnyi, A.S. (2004): Kukisvumchorr Deposit: Mineralogy of Alkaline Pegmatites and Hydrotermalites. Mineralogical Almanac, vol. 7, 140 pages + xxiv photo's pages |
Mikhailova, J. A., Kalashnikov, A. O., Sokharev, V. A., Pakhomovsky, Y. A., Konopleva, N. G., Yakovenchuk, V. N., ... & Ivanyuk, G. Y. (2016). 3D mineralogical mapping of the Kovdor phoscorite–carbonatite complex (Russia). Mineralium Deposita, 51(1), 131-149. | |
www.koeln.netsurf.de/~w.steffens/lovo.htm | |
| Talovina, I.V., Lazarenkov, V.G., and Vorontsova, N.I. (2003): Lithology and Mineral Resources 38(5), 403-415. |
| Rogulina, L.I., and Sveshnikova, O.L. (2008): Geology of Ore Deposits 50(1), 60-74. |
| Pekov, I. (1998) Minerals First discovered on the territory of the former Soviet Union 369p. Ocean Pictures, Moscow; Mills, S. J., Kampf, A. R., Kolitsch, U., Housley, R. M. & Raudsepp, M. (2010) The crystal chemistry and crystal structure of kuksite, Pb3Zn3Te6+P2O14, and a note on the crystal structure of yafsoanite, (Ca,Pb)3Zn(TeO6)2. American Mineralogist, 95(7), 933–938. |
Saudi Arabia | |
| Guan, Y. & Zolensky, M. E. (1997) The D/H ratios of round phyllosilicate and glass spherules in the AL Rais (CR) chondrite. Conference Paper, Lunar and Planetary Science XXVIII: p. 485. (March 1997) |
Slovakia | |
| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p |
| Koděra, M. et al., 1986 a 1990 : Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, diel 1- 3, Veda – Vydavateľstvo SAV, Bratislava, 1990, 1 – 1590k |
| Koděra et all.,1990: Topografická mineralógia Slovenska, I-III, 1590p |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross, B. & Dixon, R. (1995). Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa.. Geological Society of South Africa: Linden |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa. |
| [Gliddon, J. P. and Braithwaite, R. S. (1991) - Zeolites and associated minerals from the Palabora mine, Transvaal (Afrique du Sud), Mineralogical Record, 22 (4), 255-262.] |
| Atanasova, M., Cairncross, B. and Windisch, W.R. (2016) Microminerals of the Bushveld Complex, South Africa. Popular Geoscience Series 6, Council for Geoscience, Pretoria, South Africa, pg 181 |
| Cloete, M., Hart, R. J., Cloete, H. C. C., McDonald, I., & Andreoli, M. A. G. (2001). Inclusions from the Morokweng Impact Melt Sheet, South Africa: Possible Fragments of a Palaeometeorite. Meteoritics and Planetary Science Supplement, 36, A41. |
| Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Cairncross, B., Dixon, R. (1995) Minerals of South Africa. Geological Society of South Africa, PO Box 44283, Linden 2104, South Africa. |
South Korea | |
| Hideo Tsuda (1969) Supplement to "Minerals of Korea". |
South Sudan | |
| Zolensky, M. E., Weisberg, M. K., Buchanan, P. C., & Mittlefehldt, D. W. (1996) Mineralogy of carbonaceous chondrite clasts in HED achondrites and the Moon: Meteoritics & Planetary Science 31(4): 518-537. (July 1996) |
Spain | |
| Schüller, A., Köhler, R., and Reh, H. (1950): Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology 2(4), 279-290. |
| Analyzed by XRD by Dr. Joan Vinals (Barcelona)- Col. Agustin Agudo Espinosa |
| Kratzsch E. (2001) Mineralfundstellen auf Lanzarote, Kanarische Inseln; Lapis 2001, 3, 13-23 (reference via Ferdinando Giovine) |
| Joan Abella i Creus (2008): Minerals I Mines De La Conca De Bellmunt Del Priorat. |
Sri Lanka | |
| Müller, H. D. & Jahn, S. (2006): Kolonne bei Embilipitiya auf Sri Lanka-eine interessante Fundstelle für Olivin, Hornblende und Spinelle. Mineralien Welt 17 (4), 44-51. |
Sweden | |
| |
| |
| No reference listed |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 163. |
| Stalder, H. A., Wagner, A., Graeser, S. and Stuker, P. (1998): "Mineralienlexikon der Schweiz", Wepf (Basel), p. 377. |
| Ansermet, S. with contributions of Meisser, N. (2012): Mines et minéraux du Valais. II. Anniviers et Tourtemagne. Musée de la Nature (Sion), Musée Cantonal de Géologie (Lausanne), and Editions Porte-Plumes (Ayer), 374 pp. |
Taiwan | |
| Yui, T. F., & Chang, S. S. (1999). Formation conditions of vesicle/fissure-filling smectites in Penghu basalts: a stable-isotope assessment. Clay Minerals, 34(3), 381-381. |
Tanzania | |
| Brearley, Adrian J. (1992) Mineralogy of fine-grained matrix in the Ivuna CI Carbonaceous Chondrite. Lunar and Planetary Science Conference 1992. |
UK | |
| Power, M.R., Shail, R.K., Alexander, A.C., and Scott, P.W. (1997): Proceedings of the Ussher Society 9, 188-194. |
| Goley, P. and Williams R. (1995) Cornish Mineral Reference Manual. Endsleigh Publications |
| No reference listed |
| BMS Database |
| Ford, T., A. Sarjeant & M. Smith (1993) The minerals of the Peak district of Derbyshire UK Jour. Mines & Minerals 13:16-55 |
| Turner, R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2010): Mineral Relationships in the Mendip Hills. Journal of the Russell Society, vol 13, pp 3-46; Turner R.W. and Rumsey, M.S. (2007) Merehead Mineralogy - an Update. Russell Soc Newsletter, No 50, pp 17-18 (March 2007) |
| Mineralogical Magazine 1962 33 : 187-201. |
Trevor Boyd collection | |
Fleischmann, F. N. A. (1910) On the Occurrence of Gyrolite in County Antrim. Mineralogical Magazine, 15, 288-293. | |
| S Rust collection |
Mineralogical Magazine 1962 33 : 173-186. | |
| Green, D.I., Bell, R. & Moreton, S. (2005) UK J. Mines & Minerals, No. 25, p.25-30. |
| S. Moreton observation. |
| Heddle, M.F. (1901) The Mineralogy of Scotland, Volumes I and II. D. Douglas, Edinburgh.; Houston, R.S. (1912) Notes on the Mineralogy of Renfrewshire. Transactions of the Paisley Naturalists' Society: 1: 1-87.; Allan, W.C. (1973) Excursion 3: Rocks and minerals of Boyleston Quarry, Barrhead. In: Bluck, B. J. (ed.) Geology of the Glasgow District. Geological Society of Glasgow.; Meikle, T.K. (1989) The secondary mineralogy of the Clyde Plateau Lavas, Scotland. Part 1: Boyleston Quarry. Journal of the Russell Society: 2(2): 11-14. |
| Sweet, J. M., Bothwell, D. I., & Williams, D. L. (1961). Tacharanite and Other Hydrated Calcium Silicates from Portree, Isle of Skye. Mineral. Mag, 32, 745-53. |
| |
| Jan Bernard & Jaroslav Hyrsl (2004) Minerals and their Localities; www.mindat.org/mesg-9-106733.html |
| NNational Museum of Wales database; Garvie, L. A. J., & Metcalfe, R. (1997). A vein occurrence of co-existing talc, saponite, and corrensite, Builth Wells, Wales. Clay Minerals, 32(2), 223-240. |
Ukraine | |
| Emetz, A. V., Zagnitko, V. M., & Prykhod’ko, V. L. (2005). Mineral compositions and genesis of the ore bodies of the Zhyrychi Cu deposit (North-Western Ukraine). Mineralogical Journal (Ukraine), 27, 77-91. |
USA | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 361. |
| Dana Slaughter Minerals |
Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 361; Shannon, D.M. (1983b), Zeolites and associated minerals from Horseshoe Dam, AZ, Min.Rec.: 14: 115-117; Tschernich, R. (1992): Zeolites of the World, 63 | |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 357. |
| Arizona Dept. of Mines & Min. Resources, 1989, Directory of active mines in Arizona, incorporating sand and gravel operations - 1989-90; USGS (2005), Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS): U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia, loc. file ID #10062144. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 361. |
| Anthony, J.W., et al (1995), Mineralogy of Arizona, 3rd.ed.: 361. |
| Anderson, C.A., et al (1955), Geology and ore deposits of the Bagdad area, Yavapai County, Arizona, USGS PP 278: 51. |
| Starkey, H.C. and Blackmon, P.D. (1979) Clay mineralogy of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California. USGS Professional Paper 1061, 34 pp.: 23, 25; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 439. |
| Starkey, H.C. and Blackmon, P.D. (1979) Clay mineralogy of Pleistocene Lake Tecopa, Inyo County, California. USGS Professional Paper 1061, 34 pp.: 23, 25; Pemberton, H. Earl (1983), Minerals of California; Van Nostrand Reinholt Press: 439. |
| Post, J. L. (1984) Saponitye from near Ballarat, California. Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 32, No. 2, 147-153. |
| Wise, W. S., & Kleck, W. D. (1988). Sodic clay-zeolite assemblage in basalt at Boron, California. Clays and Clay Minerals, 36(2), 131-136. |
Clays and Clay Minerals, Vol. 36, No. 2, 131-136, 1988. | |
| Fred DeVito collection |
| Ross, C. S., 1946, Sauconite - a Clay Mineral of the Montmorillonite Group, American Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 411-424. |
| Fred DeVito collection |
Neuerburg, 1951 | |
Ross, C. S., 1946, Sauconite - a Clay Mineral of the Montmorillonite Group, American Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 411-424. | |
Ross, C. S., 1946, Sauconite - a Clay Mineral of the Montmorillonite Group, American Mineralogist, v. 31, p. 411-424. | |
| U.S. Geological Survey, 2005, Mineral Resources Data System: U.S. Geological Survey, Reston, Virginia. |
| Otton, James K.; Glanzman, Richard K.; Brenner-Tourtelot, Elizabeth F. (1980) Uranium, rare-earth and thorium mineralization at the Hope Mine, eastern Bristol Mountains, San Bernardino County, California. USGS Open file report 80-821. |
| Ames, Lloyd L., Jr., et al (1958), A contribution on the Hector, California bentonite deposit: Economic Geology: 53: 28; Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 151. |
| |
| http://www.mineralsocal.org/scfm/california/v.htm |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) E.B. Eckel |
| Minerals of Colorado (1997) Eckel, E. B. |
| Rocks & Minerals 79:5 pp316-324 |
| Januzzi, 1976. Mineral Localities of CT and Southeastern NY State |
| specimens associated with epistilbite, exhibited at Franklin NJ show, sept 2009. |
| King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v1 |
| King, V. and Foord, E., 1994, Mineralogy of Maine, v1 |
| Thompson, W.B., et.al., 1999, Maine Mineral Localities, 3rd edition, Maine Geological Survey, Augusta. |
| Emerson, 1917. Geology of Mass. & Rhode Island |
| Gleba, 1978. Massachusetts Mineral & Fossil Localities; Emerson, B. K (1882) The Deerfield Dyke and its minerals. American Journal of Science 3rd series XXIV:270-278,349-359. |
| Ross, Martin E. (2010): An Early Triassic 40Ar/39Ar age for a camptonite dyke in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA (Atlantic Geology, Volume 46). |
| www.deq.state.mi.us/documents/deq-glm-rcim-geology-Minerals_Found_In_Michigan.Pdf. |
| T. Kennedy collection |
| Dana 6: 1086. |
| Travis Olds photo |
| Robinson, George, 2004, Mineralogy of Michigan, Rocks & Min.:58:109. |
| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson |
| Collection Elmar Lackner; Robinson, George, 2004, Mineralogy of Michigan |
Mineralogy of Michigan, Heinrich-Robinson. | |
| Robinson, George, 2004, Mineralogy of Michigan |
USGS PP144 | |
| Rocks & Min.:58:111. |
| Rocks & Min.:58:111. |
| Rocks & Min.: 58:111. |
| Rocks & Min.:58:111. |
| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson |
| Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson |
Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson | |
Mineralogy of Michigan (2004) Heinrich & Robinson | |
Ref.: Rocks & Min.: 58:112; 63:494; 65:240-243. | |
| Robinson, George, 2004, Mineralogy of Michigan |
| AmMin 46:430 |
| Sherwood, M. D., & Williams, G. A. (1998). Missouri mineral locality index. Rocks & Minerals, 73(2), 98-117. |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Rocks & Minerals, Nov. 1999. |
NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada | |
| NBMG Spec. Pub. 31 Minerals of Nevada |
| Maertens, J. (2007) Collecting Minerals at Tilcon's Millington Quarry. The Tilcon Times, Summer:10. |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Clays and Clay Minerals; June 2000; v. 48; no. 3; p. 317-321 |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
| Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. |
Northrop, Minerals of New Mexico, 3rd rev. ed., 1996 | |
| Patrick haynes |
Minerals of New Mexico 3rd ed. | |
| Genth,F.A.,1891,The Minerals Of North Carolina;USGS Bulletion No.74 |
| Donald R. Privett, P.G (2011) Formation And Occurrences Of Laumontite And Related Minerals In The Carolina and Virginia,Middle Mesozoic Zeolite, Facies Metamorphism Southern Appalachian Piedmont |
| Micro Probe Vol. 6 No. 4 |
| Rocks & Min.:59:109-120. |
| Tony Nikischer |
| Brearley, A. J. & Jones, R. H. (1998). Chondritic Meteorites. In: Planetary Materials (Papike, J. J., Editor): Chapter 3, 398 pages. Mineralogical Society of America: Washington, DC, USA. (1998) |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| Montoya, Havens, and Bridges (1962) |
| UGMS Bull 117 Minerals and Mineral Localities of Utah |
| Minerals of Virginia 1990 by R. V. Dietrich |
| Rudy Tschernich Zeolite Collection |
| Cordua, W.S. (1991) Minerals of the Buckley Quarry, Douglas County, Wisconsin: Mineral News : 7(6): 2-3. |
| Am Min 49:778-781 |
Yemen | |
| LPSC 25, 1565(1994); Zolensky, M. & A.Ivanov, Chemie der Erde 63,185-246(2003) |
Mars | Gornitz, V. (2008) Mineral News, 24, #9, 1-2. |
| Several papers on: Science Express, www.sciencemag.org , 9 December 2013, summarized by Dr Vivien Gornitz, Bulletin of the New York Mineralogical Club, February 2014. |
| Gou, S., Yue, Z., Di, K., and Wang, J. (2015) Mineral abundances and different levels of alteration around Mawrth Vallis, Mars. Geoscience Frontiers, 6, 741-758. |
Outer Space | |
Posch, Th., Baier, A., Mutschke, H., Henning, Th. (2007): Carbonates in Space: The Challenge of Low-Temperature Data. Astrophysical Journal: 668: 993-1000 |
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Horseshoe Dam area, Maricopa Co., Arizona, USA