Phoenicochroite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Phoenicochroite
Formula:
Pb2(CrO4)O
Colour:
Dark red, bright red
Lustre:
Adamantine, Resinous
Hardness:
2½ - 3½
Specific Gravity:
7.01
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
From the Greek φοίυικος for "deep red" and χρόα for "colour," in allusion to its colour.
Type Locality:
Isostructural with:
This page provides mineralogical data about Phoenicochroite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
3194
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:3194:9
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
df91e484-1c37-4f64-a8d6-ad9ee888110a
IMA Classification of Phoenicochroite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
IMA Formula:
Pb2O(CrO4)
Approval year:
1980
Classification of Phoenicochroite
7.FB.05
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
F : Chromates
B : With additional O,V, S, Cl
7 : SULFATES (selenates, tellurates, chromates, molybdates, wolframates)
F : Chromates
B : With additional O,V, S, Cl
Dana 7th ed.:
35.1.2.1
35.1.2.1
35 : ANHYDROUS CHROMATES
1 : A2XO4
35 : ANHYDROUS CHROMATES
1 : A2XO4
27.2.6
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
2 : Chromates
27 : Sulphites, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
2 : Chromates
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Symbol | Source | Reference |
---|---|---|
Phc | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Phoenicochroite
Adamantine, Resinous
Transparency:
Translucent
Comment:
Glimmering
Colour:
Dark red, bright red
Comment:
Turns lemon-yellow on exposure.
Streak:
Brick-red to yellowish orange
Hardness:
2½ - 3½ on Mohs scale
Tenacity:
Sectile
Cleavage:
Perfect
Perfect on {201}; poor on {001}, {010}, {011}.
Perfect on {201}; poor on {001}, {010}, {011}.
Density:
7.01 g/cm3 (Measured) 7.075 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Phoenicochroite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 2.340 - 2.380 nβ = 2.380 - 2.440 nγ = 2.650
2V:
Measured: 58° , Calculated: 60°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.310
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Very High
Dispersion:
r > v, moderately strong to strong
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Y ∧ c = –2°; Z ∧ c = 88°.
Pleochroism:
Weak
Comments:
Absorption: X < Y < Z.
Chemistry of Phoenicochroite
Mindat Formula:
Pb2(CrO4)O
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Phoenicochroite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Space Group:
B2/m
Setting:
C2/m
Cell Parameters:
a = 14.001(7) Å, b = 5.675(3) Å, c = 7.137(5) Å
β = 115.22°
β = 115.22°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.467 : 1 : 1.258
Unit Cell V:
513.02 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crystals tabular and imperfect, often reticularly intergrown. Massive; thin coatings.
Tabular on {100} or {201}, elongated along [010] or [001], showing {010}, {100}, {110}, {201}, {211}, {310}.
Tabular on {100} or {201}, elongated along [010] or [001], showing {010}, {100}, {110}, {201}, {211}, {310}.
Crystal Structure
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Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
Unit Cell | Unit Cell Packed
2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
0000204 | Phoenicochroite | Williams S A, McLean W J, Anthony J W (1970) A study of phoenicochroite - its structure and properties American Mineralogist 55 784-792 | 1970 | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
d-spacing | Intensity |
---|---|
3.39 Å | (100) |
2.989 Å | (100) |
3.60 Å | (70) |
6.40 Å | (40) |
3.26 Å | (40) |
4.42 Å | (30) |
2.840 Å | (30) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
---|---|
Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
45b : [Other oxidized fumarolic minerals] | |
47h : [Near-surface oxidized, dehydrated minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Phoenicochroite
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Glocker E F (1839) 19. Phönikechroit. in Grundrib der Mineralogie, mit Einschlub der Geognosie und Petrefactenkunde, Schrag (Nurnberg) 612-612
Synonyms of Phoenicochroite
Other Language Names for Phoenicochroite
Varieties of Phoenicochroite
Berezovite | Discredited - shown to be altered phoenicochroite by S.A. Williams (1974). |
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
33 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Hemihedrite | Pb10Zn(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
27 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Schwartzembergite | Pb5H2(IO2)O4Cl3 |
25 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
15 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Pyromorphite | Pb5(PO4)3Cl |
14 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Seeligerite | Pb3(IO3)OCl3 |
14 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Mimetite | Pb5(AsO4)3Cl |
9 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Iranite | Pb10Cu(CrO4)6(SiO4)2(OH)2 |
8 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Crocoite | PbCr6+O4 |
6 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Quartz | SiO2 |
6 photos of Phoenicochroite associated with Wickenburgite | CaPb3Al2Si10O24(OH)6 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
7.FB.05 | Georgerobinsonite | Pb4(CrO4)2(OH)2FCl |
7.FB.10 | Santanaite | Pb11(CrO4)O12 |
7.FB.15 | Wattersite | [Hg2]2+2Hg2+[CrO4]O2 |
7.FB.20 | Deanesmithite | [Hg2]2+Hg2+3[CrO4]S2O |
7.FB.25 | Edoylerite | Hg2+3(CrO4)S2 |
7.FB.30 | Reynoldsite | Pb2Mn4+2O5(CrO4) |
Other Information
Notes:
Soluble in HCl with separation of lead chloride.
Health Risks:
Chromate minerals contain the carcinogenic and mutagenic chromate ion. Always wash hands after handling. Avoid inhaling dust when handling or breaking. Never lick or ingest. Do not pour chromate-containing solutions down the drain.
Internet Links for Phoenicochroite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-3194.html
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References for Phoenicochroite
Reference List:
Larsen, Esper S. (1921) The microscopic determination of the nonopaque minerals. Bulletin Vol. 679. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/b679 p.119
Cesbron, Fabien, Williams, Sydney A. (1980) Iranite˗hémihédrite, bellite, phoenicochroite, vauquelinite et fornacite : synthèse et nouvelles données. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 103 (5) 469-477 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1980.7409
Localities for Phoenicochroite
Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
Struck out - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality.
Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Austria | |
| Kolitsch (2013) |
Chile | |
| Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) |
"Yacimientos Metalíferos de Chile" +1 other reference | |
| In the collections of Brent Thorne |
Mücke (1972) | |
Samples analysed by Dr. Jochen Schlüter (Hamburg University) | |
| "Yacimientos Metalíferos de Chile" +1 other reference |
| Maurizio Dini collection |
| T. Kampf analysis |
| M.Dini & A.Molina collection |
Germany | |
| Leonhardt et al. (1991) |
Iran | |
| Adib et al. (1970) |
| Bariand et al. (1980) |
Italy | |
| Russo M. et al. (2014) |
Demartin et al. (2014) +1 other reference | |
| Demartin et al. (2014) +1 other reference |
Namibia | |
| von Bezing (2007) |
Russia (TL) | |
| Palache et al. (1951) +2 other references |
South Africa | |
| Cairncross et al. (1995) |
| SAMS (South African Micromount Society) |
SAMS (South African Micromount Society) | |
UK | |
| Temple (1955) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Raman analyzed at the University of ... |
| |
| C. Lemanski |
Galbraith (1959) | |
Anthony et al. (1995) | |
| Michael D. Cline collection (Raman-analysed) |
| Williams (1968) +3 other references |
| collected by and in the collection of ... |
| Collected in the presence of & verified ... |
Ron Layton | |
| Silliman (1881) +2 other references |
Williams (1968) +3 other references | |
| Galbraith (1959) +1 other reference |
| |
| Williams et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
| Anthony et al. (1995) |
| MarekC collection 2016 |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
Robert E.Walstrom Collection +1 other reference | |
| Castor et al. (2004) |
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Unión Minera mine, Caracoles, Caracoles mining district, Sierra Gorda, Antofagasta Province, Antofagasta, Chile