Kamotoite-(Y)
A valid IMA mineral species
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About Kamotoite-(Y)
Formula:
Y2(UO2)4(CO3)3O4 · 14H2O
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named by M. Deliens and P. Piret in 1986 after the town of Kamoto, Katanga, Democratic Republic of Congo, where the type locality is situated.
Type Locality:
One of 4 currently known yttrium-uranium(uranyl) minerals of the natural salts class; the other representatives of this group are bijvoetite-(Y) (carbonate), alwilkinsite-(Y) and sejkoraite-(Y) (sulphates). Kamotoite-(Y) is thus the second natural Y-U carbonate after bijvoetite-(Y).
The similarity of kamotoite-(Y) and bijvoetite-(Y) may be more than chemical in natue, as Plášil & Petříček (2017) have shown that structures of these two minerals are the same (although the identity of these two minerals is not yet confirmed). Nevertheless, the XR pattern is pseudo-orthorhombic due to twinning, and the structure is based on sheets of the bijvoetite-(Y) uranyl/anion-topology, the sheets being electroneutral. Water resides in the interlayer space and does not directly coordinate any cation.
The similarity of kamotoite-(Y) and bijvoetite-(Y) may be more than chemical in natue, as Plášil & Petříček (2017) have shown that structures of these two minerals are the same (although the identity of these two minerals is not yet confirmed). Nevertheless, the XR pattern is pseudo-orthorhombic due to twinning, and the structure is based on sheets of the bijvoetite-(Y) uranyl/anion-topology, the sheets being electroneutral. Water resides in the interlayer space and does not directly coordinate any cation.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
2150
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:2150:6
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
581f58f9-dbba-4600-a81b-6123081381f6
IMA Classification of Kamotoite-(Y)
Classification of Kamotoite-(Y)
5.EA.30
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
A : UO2:CO3 > 1:1
5 : CARBONATES (NITRATES)
E : Uranyl Carbonates
A : UO2:CO3 > 1:1
16b.3.3.1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : AmBn(XO3)pZqxH2O & with (m+n):p = 2:1
16b : HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN
3 : AmBn(XO3)pZq
11.11.15
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
11 : Carbonates
11 : Carbonates of Cr and U
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Kmt-Y | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Optical Data of Kamotoite-(Y)
Type:
Biaxial (-)
RI values:
nα = 1.604 nβ = 1.667 nγ = 1.731
2V:
Measured: 87° , Calculated: 86°
Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.127
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r > v
Optical Extinction:
X = b; Z = a; Y ∧ c = 25°.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X = colorless; Y = pale yellow-green; Z = bright
yellow.
yellow.
Comments:
Absorption: Z > Y > X.
Chemistry of Kamotoite-(Y)
Mindat Formula:
Y2(UO2)4(CO3)3O4 · 14H2O
Crystallography of Kamotoite-(Y)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 12.3525(5) Å, b = 12.9432(5) Å, c = 19.4409(7) Å
β = 99.857(3)°
β = 99.857(3)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 0.954 : 1 : 1.502
Unit Cell V:
3069.8 ų
Z:
4
Comment:
space group is P21/n
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 8.49 Å | (80) |
| 6.48 Å | (100) |
| 5.62 Å | (30 broad) |
| 3.93 Å | (35) |
| 3.49 Å | (40) |
| 3.371 Å | (30) |
| 3.054 Å | (60) |
| 2.972 Å | (30) |
| 2.762 Å | (40) |
| 2.132 Å | (40 broad) |
| 1.843 Å | (30) |
| 1.749 Å | (40) |
Comments:
Kamoto mine, DR Congo. The data are from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47c : [Carbonates, phosphates, borates, nitrates] | |
| 47f : [Uranyl (U⁶⁺) minerals] |
Type Occurrence of Kamotoite-(Y)
General Appearance of Type Material:
Crusts of elongate (to 5 mm), bright yellow blades on uraninite.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Musée royal de l’Afrique central, Tervuren, Belgium, number RGM 14.350 (holotype).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 163.768 (cotype).
Musée Géologique Cantonal, Lausanne, Switzerland, number MGL 79593 (type).
National Museum of Natural History, Washington, D.C., USA, number 163.768 (cotype).
Musée Géologique Cantonal, Lausanne, Switzerland, number MGL 79593 (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Oxidation zone of a Cu-Co deposit with uranium.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Synonyms of Kamotoite-(Y)
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 13 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Uraninite | UO2 |
| 11 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Astrocyanite-(Ce) | Cu2(Ce,Nd,La)2(UO2)(CO3)5(OH)2 · 1.5H2O |
| 11 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Uranophane | Ca(UO2)2(SiO3OH)2 · 5H2O |
| 9 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Shabaite-(Nd) | Ca(Nd,Sm,Y)2(UO2)(CO3)4(OH)2 · 6H2O |
| 8 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Curite | Pb3(H2O)2[(UO2)4O4(OH)3]2 |
| 7 photos of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Pendevilleite-(Y) | Mg2Y3Al(UO2)2(CO3)7(OH)6(H2O)16 |
| 1 photo of Kamotoite-(Y) associated with Masuyite | Pb(UO2)3O3(OH)2 · 3H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 5.EA.05 | UM1997-24-CO:CaCuHU | Ca2Cu(UO2)2(CO3)2O3 · 3H2O |
| 5.EA.10 | Urancalcarite | Ca(UO2)3(CO3)(OH)6 · 3H2O |
| 5.EA.15 | Wyartite | CaU5+(UO2)2(CO3)O4(OH) · 7H2O |
| 5.EA.20 | Oswaldpeetersite | (UO2)2(CO3)(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.EA.25 | Roubaultite | Cu2(UO2)3(CO3)2O2(OH)2 · 4H2O |
| 5.EA.35 | Sharpite | Ca(UO2)3(CO3)4 · 3H2O |
Other Information
Special Storage/
Display Requirements:
Display Requirements:
Radioactive
Health Risks:
This radioactive specie sit always on massive uraninite and should be manipulated and stored with precautions.
Internet Links for Kamotoite-(Y)
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-2150.html
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External Links:
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References for Kamotoite-(Y)
Reference List:
Deliens, Michel, Piret, Paul (1986) La kamotoïte-(Y), un nouveau carbonate d'uranyle et de terres rares de Kamoto, Shaba, Zaïre. Bulletin de Minéralogie, 109 (6) 643-647 doi:10.3406/bulmi.1986.7966
Hawthorne, Frank C., Burke, Ernst A. J., Ercit, T. Scott, Grew, Edward S., Grice, Joel D., Jambor, John L., Puziewicz, Jacek, Roberts, Andrew C., Vanko, David A. (1988) New Mineral Names. American Mineralogist, 73 (1-2) 189-199
Localities for Kamotoite-(Y)
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Canada | |
| ontariominerals.com +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| Lapis 2002 (7/8) |
DR Congo (TL) | |
| Deliens et al. (1986) +3 other references |
| Wilson (2018) |
Germany | |
| 54 (in German) +1 other reference |
Norway | |
| Roy Kristiansen (1989) +1 other reference |
Switzerland | |
| Stalder et al. (1998) +1 other reference |
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Kamoto East Open cut, Kamoto, Mutshatsha, Lualaba, DR Congo