Duttonite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Duttonite
Clarence Edward Dutton
Formula:
V4+O(OH)2
Colour:
Pale brown
Lustre:
Vitreous
Hardness:
2½
Specific Gravity:
3.24 (Calculated)
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Name:
Named in honor of Clarence Edward Dutton (15 May 1841, Wallingford, Connecticut, USA – 4 January 1912, Englewood New Jersey, USA), geologist and US Army officer for his work on the Colorado Plateau region. As a member of the U.S. Geological Survey (1879-1891) he was one of the first to study the area. Dutton also developed and named the concept of isostasy - that the behavior of the Earth's surface is controlled, in part, by its regional density. He also made contributions to the development of seismology.
This page provides mineralogical data about Duttonite.
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
1335
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:1335:8
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
548483e9-00fe-424e-9df3-b6cde712523d
IMA Classification of Duttonite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1956
Classification of Duttonite
4.HE.35
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
E : Phyllovanadates
4 : OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodates)
H : V[5,6] Vanadates
E : Phyllovanadates
6.2.7.1
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
6 : HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL
2 : X(OH)2
7.12.5
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
7 : Oxides and Hydroxides
12 : Oxides of V, Nb and Ta
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Dtn | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
Physical Properties of Duttonite
Vitreous
Transparency:
Transparent
Colour:
Pale brown
Comment:
Becomes greenish on alteration.
Hardness:
2½ on Mohs scale
Cleavage:
Perfect
Good to perfect on {001}
Good to perfect on {001}
Density:
3.24 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Duttonite
Type:
Biaxial (+)
RI values:
nα = 1.810(3) nβ = 1.900(3) nγ = 2.010
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Max Birefringence:
δ = 0.200
Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
and does not take into account mineral colouration.
Surface Relief:
Moderate
Dispersion:
r < v moderate
Optical Extinction:
X = a; Y = c; Z = b.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
X= pale pinkish brown
Y= pale yellow-brown
Z= pale brown
Y= pale yellow-brown
Z= pale brown
Chemistry of Duttonite
Mindat Formula:
V4+O(OH)2
Elements listed:
Crystallography of Duttonite
Crystal System:
Monoclinic
Class (H-M):
2/m - Prismatic
Cell Parameters:
a = 8.80(2) Å, b = 3.95(1) Å, c = 5.96(2) Å
β = 90.67(5)°
β = 90.67(5)°
Ratio:
a:b:c = 2.228 : 1 : 1.509
Unit Cell V:
207.16 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
4
Morphology:
Crusts and masses of six sided pseudo-orthorhombic crystals. Forms include {001}, {100}, and {110}.
Comment:
Space Group: I2/c.
Crystal Structure
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2x2x2 | 3x3x3 | 4x4x4
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009204 | Duttonite | Evans H T, Mrose M E (1958) The crystal structures of three new vanadium oxide minerals Acta Crystallographica 11 56-58 |  | 1958 | Peanut mine, Montrose County, Colorado, USA | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 4.40 Å | (100) |
| 3.61 Å | (85) |
| 1.838 Å | (21) |
| 2.480 Å | (15) |
| 2.454 Å | (15) |
| 1.974 Å | (14) |
| 3.29 Å | (13) |
Comments:
XRD Peanut Mine, Colorado, USA. Data from the type description.
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| Stage 7: Great Oxidation Event | <2.4 |
| 47a : [Near-surface hydration of prior minerals] | |
| 47e : [Vanadates, chromates, manganates] |
Geological Setting:
Secondary mineral foemed by low temperature hydrothermal alteration of vanadium minerals.
Type Occurrence of Duttonite
General Appearance of Type Material:
Randomly oriented six-sided platy crystals, ranging in size from minute up to 0.5 mm.
Place of Conservation of Type Material:
Harvard Mineralogical Museum, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, number 134144 (type).
Geological Setting of Type Material:
Vanadium-uranium deposits in sandstone.
Associated Minerals at Type Locality:
Reference:
Thompson, M.E., Roach, C.H., Meyrowitz, R. (1956) Duttonite, new vanadium mineral from Peanut mine, Montrose County, Colorado. Science: 123: 990-990.
Other Language Names for Duttonite
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Pascoite | Ca2Ca(V10O28) · 17H2O |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Montroseite | (V3+,Fe3+)O(OH) |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Chervetite | Pb2(V2O7) |
| 1 photo of Duttonite associated with Francevillite | Ba(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 5H2O |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 4.HE.05 | Melanovanadite | Ca(V5+,V4+)4O10 · 5H2O |
| 4.HE.10 | Shcherbinaite | V5+2O5 |
| 4.HE.15 | Hewettite | CaV6O16 · 9H2O |
| 4.HE.15 | Metahewettite | CaV6O16 · 3H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Bariandite | Al0.6(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 9H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Bokite | (Al,Fe)1.3(V5+,V4+,Fe3+)8O20 · 7.5H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Corvusite | (Na,K,Ca,Mg)2(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 6-10H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Fernandinite | (Ca,K)(V5+,V4+,Fe2+)8O20 · 10H2O |
| 4.HE.20 | Straczekite | (Ca,K,Ba)(V5+,V4+)8O20 · 3H2O |
| 4.HE.25 | Häggite | V3+V4+O2(OH)3 |
| 4.HE.30 | Doloresite | V4+3O4(OH)4 |
| 4.HE.40 | Cavoite | CaV4+3O7 |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Duttonite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-1335.html
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References for Duttonite
Reference List:
Localities for Duttonite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| de Brodtkorb (1982) |
Gabon | |
| Cesbron et al. (1970) +1 other reference |
Italy | |
| analysed by Dr. Anthony Kampf |
USA | |
| Chenoweth (1994) |
| R&M 70:3 pp 154-170 |
| Howard +2 other references | |
| Thompson et al. (1956) +3 other references |
| Am Min (1958) +1 other reference |
| NMBGMR Open-file Report - 466 +1 other reference |
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Molinello Mine, Ne, Genoa, Liguria, Italy