 | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Andean uplift and climate evolution in the southern Atacama Desert deduced from geomorphology and supergene...Thomas Bissig ⁎,1, Rodrigo Riquelme Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte...Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 5 February...Harrison Keywords: Atacama Desert Andes uplift climate evolution supergene alunite El Salvador Potrerillos geochronology...isotopes Chile a b s t r a c t Supergene alunite group minerals from the Late Eocene El Salvador porphyry |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | (Sustainable Mining Research & Consult EIRL), Casilla 28, San Pedro de la Paz 4130000, Chile; E-Mail: bernhard...June 2014 / Published: 8 July 2014 Abstract: The mining industry is a fundamental industry involved in...to increases in the waste/metal production ratio. Mine wastes deposited on-land in so-called tailings dams...environmental issues that need to be addressed (e.g., acid mine drainage formation due to sulphide oxidation, geotechnical...and social concerns due to land use during mining. The mining industry recognizes these concerns and is |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Colorado Porphyry Copper Deposit, I Región, Northern Chile FARHAD BOUZARI† AND ALAN H. CLARK Department of...multistep age spectra for alunite, natroalunite, and jarosite yielded acceptable plateau dates, ranging from...the initiation of the Incaic orogeny in northern Chile. An age of 35.26 ± 0.68 (2σ) Ma for alunite associated...Evidence from Cerro Colorado and elsewhere in northern Chile (e.g., Spence and Angelina) confirms that Paleocene...emplaced along the Domeyko fault system (e.g., El Salvador) may similarly have been upgraded during the |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | between 17 and 27S across the forearc of northern Chile and southern Peru from 44 to 6 Ma, and on the Bolivian...directly dated (southern Peru and south of 26S in Chile) and suggest formation post 14 Ma. Sedimentological...fluctuating arid/semi-arid climate prevailed across the Atacama Desert until between 4 and 3 Ma, climatic conditions...is unlikely to be widely applicable in northern Chile. General models that involve climatic desiccation...Introduction The Central Andes, and in particular northern Chile, host some of the world’s largest porphyry copper |  | Mote, T. I., Becker, T. A., Renne, P., Brimhall, G. H. (2001) Chronology of Exotic Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene Alunite. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 351-366 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.351 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | 351–366 Chronology of Exotic Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene...copper deposit. At the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit in northern Chile the majority of the exotic...samples from exotic deposits within the El Salvador district were characterized and dated by 40Ar/39Ar...postcrystallization ground-water interaction in the hyperarid Atacama desert. The 40Ar/39Ar analytical results show that...40Ar/39Ar dating of exotic mineralization at El Salvador indicates that supergene and exotic mineralization |  | Mote, T. I., Brimhall, G. H., Tidy-Finch, E., Muller, G., Carrasco, P. (2001) Application of Mass-Balance Modeling of Sources, Pathways, and Sinks of Supergene Enrichment to Exploration and Discovery of the Quebrada Turquesa Exotic Copper Orebody, El Salvador District, Chile. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 367-386 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.367 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Quebrada Turquesa Exotic Copper Orebody, El Salvador District, Chile TIMOTHY I. MOTE, GEORGE H BRIMHALL,†...CARRASCO Codelco-Chile, Huerfanos 1270, Santiago Chile Abstract A computerized district-scale copper mass-balance...mass-balance analysis at the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit was completed, using all available assay...corridors leading to undiscovered exotic ores to extend mine life, and providing an estimate of the mass of copper...define volumes of the interrelated subsystems. A district geochemical model was created on the Vulcan three-dimensional |  | Nishiizumi, K., Caffee, M.W., Finkel, R.C., Brimhall, G., Mote, T. (2005) Remnants of a fossil alluvial fan landscape of Miocene age in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile using cosmogenic nuclide exposure age dating. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 237 (3) 499-507 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.05.032 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | fan landscape of Miocene age in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile using cosmogenic nuclide exposure...alluvial fans and bedrock surfaces in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The oldest landforms we studied are extensive...the attainment of hyperarid conditions in the Atacama Desert resulting from global climatic cooling about...The landform features observed presently in the Atacama Desert are remarkably stable and, despite the inevitable...existed in the Miocene. Over geologic time, the Atacama landscape is evolving in such a manner as to erode |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | AucusT, 1975 The PorphyryCopperDepositat E1 Salvador,Chile LEWIS B. GUSTAFSON AND JOHN P. HUNT Abstract...copper deposit at E1 Salvador culminated volcanic activity in the Indio Muerto district. Host rocks for the...porphyry series. However, rhyolitic volcanismin the district was clearly more felsic than younger granodioritic...rutile857 No. 5 The PorphyryCopperDepositat E1 Salvador,Chile Fig. 1. Aerial view of Cerro Indio Muerto... Volcanic peaks of the high Cordillera,the Salar de Pedernales,and low hills underlain by folded Mesozoicsedimentsand |  | Quang, C. X., Clark, A. H., W. Lee, J. K., Hawkes, N. (2005) Response of Supergene Processes to Episodic Cenozoic Uplift, PedimentErosion, and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Peru. Economic Geology, 100 (1) 87-114 doi:10.2113/100.1.0087 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Perú CHAN X. QUANG, ALAN H. CLARK...Canada K7L 3N6 AND NICHOLAS HAWKES Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited, Manco Cápac 551 - Lima...through field mapping to the Cerro Verde-Santa Rosa district (ca. 16° 30' S). The 40Ar-39Ar incremental-heating...probably active in the Cuajone-Quellaveco-Toquepala district. Slow erosion and the accumulation of clastic...subsequently led to the incision of the 23.8 to 24 Ma Altos de Camilaca and the 18.8 to 19.1 Ma Pampa Lagunas pediplains |  | Gustafson, L. B., Orquera, W., McWilliams, M., Castro, M., Olivares, O., Rojas, G., Maluenda, J., Mendez, M. (2001) Multiple Centers of Mineralization in the Indio Muerto District, El Salvador, Chile. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 325-350 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.325 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Mineralization in the Indio Muerto District, El Salvador, Chile LEWIS B. GUSTAFSON,† 5320 Cross Creek...89511 WALTER ORQUERA, CODELCO-Chile, Division Salvador, El Salvador, Chile MICHAEL MCWILLIAMS, Department...AND MARCELLO MENDEZ CODELCO-Chile, Division Salvador, El Salvador, Chile Abstract The porphyries that...that formed copper deposits in the Indio Muerto district include both 44 Ma rhyolitic subvolcanic intrusions...intruding host andesite at the northeast end of the district. Very weak Cu but much stronger Mo mineralization |  | Quang, C. X., Clark, A. H., Lee, J. K. W., Guillen B., J. (2003) 40Ar-39Ar AGES OF HYPOGENE AND SUPERGENE MINERALIZATION IN THE CERRO VERDE-SANTA ROSA PORPHYRY Cu-Mo CLUSTER, AREQUIPA, PERU. Economic Geology, 98 (8) 1683-1696 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.98.8.1683 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | profile through the Miocene beneath this pediment. Jarosite dates (0.7–1.3 Ma) record the persistence of minor...for at least 800 km in southern Peru and northern Chile (Fig. 1a). Centered at latitude 16°33' S, longitude...Phelps Dodge Copper Corporation (82.5%) and Compañía de Minas Buenaventura (9.2%). SXEW recovery attained...Pitcher et al., 1985). Age relationships in the district are, in part, defined through U-Pb zircon (62–67...Charcani Gneiss al na jr sr Alunite Natroalunite Jarosite Sericite SURF-109 ( al,na, jr) Santa Rosa pit |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Tin-Polymetallic Mineralization in the Oruro Mining District, Central Bolivian Tin Belt Asahiko SUGAKI...tin-polymetallic ore deposits of the Oruro mining district in the central part of the Bolivian tin belt...hypogene mineralization, and supergene alunite and jarosite provide ages for erosional and weathering episodes...that hypogene mineralization in the Oruro mining district took place during the early to middle Miocene:...grained supergene alunite (δ34S = –10.1 ‰) and jarosite yield K-Ar ages of 6.7±0.7 Ma at Avicaya and 3 |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Zonation at the Surface over the El Salvador Porphyry Copper Deposit, Chile YASUSHI WATANABE† Institute for...alteration minerals exposed at the surface of the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit. A total of 276 samples...minerals from surface alteration assemblages at El Salvador that can be applied to generate clear exploration...assemblages at the surface over the El Salvador porphyry copper orebody, Chile (Fig. 1). Our goal is to better...supergene glassy limonite, goethite, hematite and jarosite assemblages reflects the underlying sulfide assemblages |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | dredmetersof the 12 majorporphyrycopperdeposits in Chile was substantiated furtherby Alpersand Brimhall ...supergene alunitefromthe Eseondida porphyry copper province. Indeed,perhaps onlytwoof thesemajordepositsdeposit(Fig...elsewhere in northern E1 Salvador(Gustafsonand Hunt, 1975) in northern Chile Chile,duringthe late Oligocene...0361-0128/96/1809/164-1655.00 164 CHILEAN Cu PROVINCE: OXIDATION & ENRICHMENT in controlling anyagedifferences...ANGELINA 3' ½'*• I ß CHILE ?5 ø ,,,,)ARGENTINA ) 43.31 23 SanMiguel de Tucum•n (CERRO CAMPANA)I:::•C |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of the Central American Cordillera (Western El Salvador) H. G. DILL,† H.-R. BOSSE, Federal Institute... Germany Abstract The western provinces of El Salvador, which are covered almost exclusively by igneous...of fundamental economic importance as well. El Salvador offers favorable conditions to tackle this problem...1). The nonmetallic argillaceous deposits in El Salvador are of small size, but their mineralogy is diverse...geothermal fields in western El Salvador. 517 518 DILL ET AL. San Salvador Fm (felsic pyroclastic rocks |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Geology, FCFM, Universidad de Chile Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile E-mail: mreich@ing.uchile.cl...of Excellence (CEGA), FCFM Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile 4 Department of Earth and Planetary Science...potential (FIG. 2C) and eventually exposed by open-pit mining operations— some open pits may be 5–6 km wide and...cooperation among scientists and exploration and mining geologists offers a unique opportunity for retrieving...weathering rates and to infer paleoclimatic conditions (de Oliveira Carmo and Vasconcelos 2006). A probability |  | | Report (issue) | | Copper Mountain (British Columbia, Canada) and El Teniente (Chile) porphyry copper deposits..................porphyry copper deposits include El Teniente and El Salvador in Chile, Bajo de la Alumbrera in Argentina, Grasberg...which will vary with the price of copper and local mining costs. At Dos Pobres, Arizona, from the top of...regional faults such as near deposits in northern Chile (Behn and others, 2001; Gow and Walshe, 2005), central...the date of a study, considering the extent of mining at that date. At Batu Hijau, Indonesia, Arif and |  | Sillitoe, Richard H., Devine, Fionnuala A.M., Sanguinetti, Martin I., Friedman, Richard M. (2019) Geology of the Josemaría Porphyry Copper-Gold Deposit, Argentina: Formation, Exhumation, and Burial in Two Million Years. Economic Geology, 114 (3) 407-426 doi:10.5382/econgeo.4645 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | located in the Frontal Cordillera of San Juan Province, Argentina, near the present-day northern limit...central Andes, and midway between the Maricunga and El Indio metallogenic belts. The deposit is centered...Cordillera of San Juan Province, Argentina, ~8 km east of the border with Chile (lat 28°26'S, long 69°32'W)...high-sulfidation epithermal deposits of the Maricunga and El Indio metallogenic belts and, along with nearby porphyry...Josemaría deposit was discovered in 2004 by Desarrollo de Prospectos Mineros S.A. (Deprominsa), the Argentinian |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | SulfurIsotopes in thePorphyryCopperDeposit at E1Salvador,Chile C•:l•US W. FmL•) •N•) LEW•S B. GUST•FSON Abstract...representativeof mineralization in time and spaceat E1 Salvador. The hypogenesulfates(mean +10.75o; range +7...temperature,and chemical condidepositat E1 Salvador,Chile, by Gustarsonand tions at various stagesof...Many of the mineralsusedin this sulfur Muerto district. A variety of geologicarguments isotope, investigation...porphyry-type environments. Our interpretations of the E1 Salvador data have benefited enormouslyby the recent contributionsof |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | EXPRESS LETTER HYPOGENE ALUNITE FROM THE EL SALVADOR DISTRICT, CHILE, INDICATES POTENTIAL FOR A BLIND PORPHYRY...late breccia bodies from the El Salvador porphyry copper district of Chile were recently dated. One alunite...44 to 43 Ma. Porphyry copper ores in the El Salvador district formed at about the same time as porphyry...associated with ~80% of the known copper ore of the district; they record waning stages of magmatism at 42...porphyry copper deposits in the remote El Salvador district of Chile began with Old Camp in 1951 and the |  | Kidder, J.A., Voinot, A., Leybourne, M.I., Layton-Matthews, D., Bowell, R.J. (2021) Using stable isotopes of Cu, Mo, S, and 87Sr/86Sr in hydrogeochemical mineral exploration as tracers of porphyry and exotic copper deposits. Applied Geochemistry, 128. 104935pp. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104935 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Picaron Cu–Mo porphyry and exotic prospect (Atacama region, Chile) were analyzed for major and trace elements...elements Stable isotopes Non-traditional isotopes Chile Atacama 1. Introduction The Picaron Cu–Mo porphyry...100 km north-east of the El Salvador Cu–Mo porphyry and within the Atacama region’s hyper-arid desert...desert climate in northern Chile (Fig. 1). A notable characteristic is thick accumulations of post-mineralization...activities (2014–2019) in the wider Greater Victoria District (GVD) were undertaken by First Quantum Minerals |  | Ossandon C., G., Freraut C., R., Gustafson, L. B., Lindsay, D. D., Zentilli, M. (2001) Geology of the Chuquicamata Mine: A Progress Report. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 249-270 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.249 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of the Chuquicamata Mine: A Progress Report GUILLERMO OSSANDÓN C., CODELCO-Chile, Gerencia Exploraciones...Santiago, Chile ROBERTO FRÉRAUT C., CODELCO-Chile, Superintendencia Geología, Chuquicamata, Chile LEWIS... DARRYL D. LINDSAY, SRK Consultores, Santiago, Chile AND MARCOS ZENTILLI Department of Earth Sciences...Canada B3H 3J5 Abstract Chuquicamata, in northern Chile, is the world’s greatest copper orebody. It was...about the 2,800-m elevation in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile, some 240 km northeast of Antofagasta |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of near-surface ore mineral assemblages: “chapeau de fer”, “Eiserner Hut”, “canga”, “gossan”. Collective...and vanadocrete (vanadate). Panczner 1987 Tajo Mine, Hidalgo del Parral, Chihuahua, Mexico Panczner...mineralization, on waste dumps or within impoundments of the mining site. Morphoclimatic zones: the climate referred...Phoscretes brochantite linarite chalcanthite jarosite. REEwoodhouseitesvanbergite gypsum woodhouseite...meta-alunogen crandallite gorceixite K- jarosite florencite Na-jarosite woodhouseite svanbergite alunogen aluminite |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Escondida Porphyry Copper Deposit, Antofagasta Region, Chile RUBEN A. PADILLA GARZA,† BHP Minerals and Department...Minera Escondida Limitada, avenida de la minera 501, Antofagasta, Chile Abstract The Escondida porphyry...porphyry copper deposit, located in northern Chile, was one of the two largest copper producers of the world...the basement of the Precordillera de Domeyko province in northern Chile. We propose that the intrusive stock...the Escondida porphyry copper deposit in northern Chile (Fig. 1), which currently is one of the two largest |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | mineralization in the Atacama segment of the South American Andes, northern Chile (26°15'-27°25'S) Received:...magmatism and the rich ore deposits of northern Chile have been the focus of numerous studies. Significant...feature of the geology of this part of northern Chile is the existence of n o r t h - south to north-east-...alteration and cama segment - Andes - northern Chile mineralization (Baker and Guilbert, 1987; Colley...Introduction (Fig. 1): (1) along the Atacama Fault System; (2) along the Inca de Oro Belt; (3) along the West |
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