 | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | evolution in the southern Atacama Desert deduced from geomorphology and supergene alunite-group minerals Thomas...Thomas Bissig ⁎,1, Rodrigo Riquelme Departamento de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Católica del Norte...Norte, Avenida Angamos 0610, Antofagasta, Chile a r t i c l e i n f o Article history: Received 5 February...Harrison Keywords: Atacama Desert Andes uplift climate evolution supergene alunite El Salvador Potrerillos geochronology...isotopes Chile a b s t r a c t Supergene alunite group minerals from the Late Eocene El Salvador porphyry |  | Mote, T. I., Becker, T. A., Renne, P., Brimhall, G. H. (2001) Chronology of Exotic Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene Alunite. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 351-366 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.351 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Mineralization at El Salvador, Chile, by 40Ar/39Ar Dating of Copper Wad and Supergene Alunite TIMOTHY I. MOTE...copper deposit. At the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit in northern Chile the majority of the exotic...samples from exotic deposits within the El Salvador district were characterized and dated by 40Ar/39Ar...40Ar/39Ar laser step heating. Supergene alunite [KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6] found in paleospring feeder systems leading...postcrystallization ground-water interaction in the hyperarid Atacama desert. The 40Ar/39Ar analytical results show that |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | between 17 and 27S across the forearc of northern Chile and southern Peru from 44 to 6 Ma, and on the Bolivian...directly dated (southern Peru and south of 26S in Chile) and suggest formation post 14 Ma. Sedimentological...fluctuating arid/semi-arid climate prevailed across the Atacama Desert until between 4 and 3 Ma, climatic conditions...is unlikely to be widely applicable in northern Chile. General models that involve climatic desiccation...Introduction The Central Andes, and in particular northern Chile, host some of the world’s largest porphyry copper |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Colorado Porphyry Copper Deposit, I Región, Northern Chile FARHAD BOUZARI† AND ALAN H. CLARK Department of...5-percent-Cu hypogene protore. Dating of supergene alunite-group mineral separates from various ore facies...least 20 m.y. Fifteen multistep age spectra for alunite, natroalunite, and jarosite yielded acceptable...middle Miocene, 14.59 ± 2.46 Ma; five samples of alunite-natroalunite mixtures, however, produced staircase...Incaic orogeny in northern Chile. An age of 35.26 ± 0.68 (2σ) Ma for alunite associated with hematite in |  | Mote, T. I., Brimhall, G. H., Tidy-Finch, E., Muller, G., Carrasco, P. (2001) Application of Mass-Balance Modeling of Sources, Pathways, and Sinks of Supergene Enrichment to Exploration and Discovery of the Quebrada Turquesa Exotic Copper Orebody, El Salvador District, Chile. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 367-386 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.367 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Quebrada Turquesa Exotic Copper Orebody, El Salvador District, Chile TIMOTHY I. MOTE, GEORGE H BRIMHALL,†...CARRASCO Codelco-Chile, Huerfanos 1270, Santiago Chile Abstract A computerized district-scale copper mass-balance...mass-balance analysis at the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit was completed, using all available assay...corridors leading to undiscovered exotic ores to extend mine life, and providing an estimate of the mass of copper...define volumes of the interrelated subsystems. A district geochemical model was created on the Vulcan three-dimensional |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Northern Chile Preface FRANCISCO CAMUS † Codelco-Chile, Huérfanos 1270, Santiago, Chile AND JOHN H...University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331 Introduction Chile is known worldwide as the site of one of the largest...circum-Pacific belt. Among them are the three largest of all, El Teniente, Río Blanco-Los Bronces, and Chuquicamata...production of more than 50 Mt of fine copper. Currently, Chile annually produces about 4.6 Mt of fine copper that...potential has triggered numerous international mining companies to concentrate their exploration efforts |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | AucusT, 1975 The PorphyryCopperDepositat E1 Salvador,Chile LEWIS B. GUSTAFSON AND JOHN P. HUNT Abstract...copper deposit at E1 Salvador culminated volcanic activity in the Indio Muerto district. Host rocks for the...porphyry series. However, rhyolitic volcanismin the district was clearly more felsic than younger granodioritic...rutile857 No. 5 The PorphyryCopperDepositat E1 Salvador,Chile Fig. 1. Aerial view of Cerro Indio Muerto... Volcanic peaks of the high Cordillera,the Salar de Pedernales,and low hills underlain by folded Mesozoicsedimentsand |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | 2 EXPRESS LETTER HYPOGENE ALUNITE FROM THE EL SALVADOR DISTRICT, CHILE, INDICATES POTENTIAL FOR A BLIND...hypogene alunite that cement late breccia bodies from the El Salvador porphyry copper district of Chile were...were recently dated. One alunite sample over the principal Turquoise Gulch porphyry deposit has a 40Ar/39Ar...intrusion. Two other samples associated with quartz-alunite replacement of rhyolite, ~750 m southwest of the...44 to 43 Ma. Porphyry copper ores in the El Salvador district formed at about the same time as porphyry |  | Nishiizumi, K., Caffee, M.W., Finkel, R.C., Brimhall, G., Mote, T. (2005) Remnants of a fossil alluvial fan landscape of Miocene age in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile using cosmogenic nuclide exposure age dating. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 237 (3) 499-507 doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2005.05.032 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | fan landscape of Miocene age in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile using cosmogenic nuclide exposure...alluvial fans and bedrock surfaces in the Atacama Desert in Chile. The oldest landforms we studied are extensive...the attainment of hyperarid conditions in the Atacama Desert resulting from global climatic cooling about...The landform features observed presently in the Atacama Desert are remarkably stable and, despite the inevitable...existed in the Miocene. Over geologic time, the Atacama landscape is evolving in such a manner as to erode |  | Quang, C. X., Clark, A. H., W. Lee, J. K., Hawkes, N. (2005) Response of Supergene Processes to Episodic Cenozoic Uplift, PedimentErosion, and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Peru. Economic Geology, 100 (1) 87-114 doi:10.2113/100.1.0087 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | and Ignimbrite Eruption in the Porphyry Copper Province of Southern Perú CHAN X. QUANG, ALAN H. CLARK...Canada K7L 3N6 AND NICHOLAS HAWKES Rio Tinto Mining and Exploration Limited, Manco Cápac 551 - Lima...Verde-Santa Rosa district (ca. 16° 30' S). The 40Ar-39Ar incremental-heating dates of supergene alunite group minerals...probably active in the Cuajone-Quellaveco-Toquepala district. Slow erosion and the accumulation of clastic...subsequently led to the incision of the 23.8 to 24 Ma Altos de Camilaca and the 18.8 to 19.1 Ma Pampa Lagunas pediplains |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | (Sustainable Mining Research & Consult EIRL), Casilla 28, San Pedro de la Paz 4130000, Chile; E-Mail: bernhard...June 2014 / Published: 8 July 2014 Abstract: The mining industry is a fundamental industry involved in...to increases in the waste/metal production ratio. Mine wastes deposited on-land in so-called tailings dams...environmental issues that need to be addressed (e.g., acid mine drainage formation due to sulphide oxidation, geotechnical...and social concerns due to land use during mining. The mining industry recognizes these concerns and is |  | Gustafson, L. B., Orquera, W., McWilliams, M., Castro, M., Olivares, O., Rojas, G., Maluenda, J., Mendez, M. (2001) Multiple Centers of Mineralization in the Indio Muerto District, El Salvador, Chile. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 325-350 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.325 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Mineralization in the Indio Muerto District, El Salvador, Chile LEWIS B. GUSTAFSON,† 5320 Cross Creek...89511 WALTER ORQUERA, CODELCO-Chile, Division Salvador, El Salvador, Chile MICHAEL MCWILLIAMS, Department...AND MARCELLO MENDEZ CODELCO-Chile, Division Salvador, El Salvador, Chile Abstract The porphyries that...that formed copper deposits in the Indio Muerto district include both 44 Ma rhyolitic subvolcanic intrusions...intruding host andesite at the northeast end of the district. Very weak Cu but much stronger Mo mineralization |  | | Report (chapter) | | volcanism: a review R. H. Sillitoe Department of Mining Geology, Royal School of Mines, Imperial College...Manto-type copper deposits are best known from Chile and southern Peru. They consist o f stratiform concentrations...plugs and pyroclastic beds at Cerro de Mercado, Mexico, and El Laco, Chile. The map netite magma separated...advanced argUlic and argillic alteration, with clays, alunite, pyrophyllite, diaspore, etc., accompanied by widespread...northwest it impinges on the Sonoran Basin and Range province and in the southeast, south of the Trans-Mexico |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Escondida Porphyry Copper Deposit, Antofagasta Region, Chile RUBEN A. PADILLA GARZA,† BHP Minerals and Department...Minera Escondida Limitada, avenida de la minera 501, Antofagasta, Chile Abstract The Escondida porphyry...porphyry copper deposit, located in northern Chile, was one of the two largest copper producers of the world...the basement of the Precordillera de Domeyko province in northern Chile. We propose that the intrusive stock...mineral association that includes pyrophyllite, alunite, and quartz as alteration minerals and a variety |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | dredmetersof the 12 majorporphyrycopperdeposits in Chile was substantiated furtherby Alpersand Brimhall ...supergene alunitefromthe Eseondida porphyry copper province. Indeed,perhaps onlytwoof thesemajordepositsdeposit(Fig...elsewhere in northern E1 Salvador(Gustafsonand Hunt, 1975) in northern Chile Chile,duringthe late Oligocene...0361-0128/96/1809/164-1655.00 164 CHILEAN Cu PROVINCE: OXIDATION & ENRICHMENT in controlling anyagedifferences...ANGELINA 3' ½'*• I ß CHILE ?5 ø ,,,,)ARGENTINA ) 43.31 23 SanMiguel de Tucum•n (CERRO CAMPANA)I:::•C |  | Quang, C. X., Clark, A. H., Lee, J. K. W., Guillen B., J. (2003) 40Ar-39Ar AGES OF HYPOGENE AND SUPERGENE MINERALIZATION IN THE CERRO VERDE-SANTA ROSA PORPHYRY Cu-Mo CLUSTER, AREQUIPA, PERU. Economic Geology, 98 (8) 1683-1696 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.98.8.1683 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | analyses of a sample from Cerro Verde comprising alunite partially replaced by natroalunite, demonstrating...of the Cerro Verde pit (2738 m bench), veins of alunite (ca. 23 Ma) and natroalunite (ca. 21 Ma) in a hematitic...for at least 800 km in southern Peru and northern Chile (Fig. 1a). Centered at latitude 16°33' S, longitude...Phelps Dodge Copper Corporation (82.5%) and Compañía de Minas Buenaventura (9.2%). SXEW recovery attained...Pitcher et al., 1985). Age relationships in the district are, in part, defined through U-Pb zircon (62–67 |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Zonation at the Surface over the El Salvador Porphyry Copper Deposit, Chile YASUSHI WATANABE† Institute for...alteration minerals exposed at the surface of the El Salvador porphyry copper deposit. A total of 276 samples...dominated by an advanced argillic assemblage of alunite-(± aluminum phosphate-sulfate minerals)diaspor...× 500 m outcrop, 80 m thick, of massive quartz-alunite replacement of rhyolite. Pure mineral separates...dickite, and supergene kaolinite), and 20 samples of alunite, some supergene in origin. Information on mineral |  | | Report (issue) | | Copper Mountain (British Columbia, Canada) and El Teniente (Chile) porphyry copper deposits..................porphyry copper deposits include El Teniente and El Salvador in Chile, Bajo de la Alumbrera in Argentina, Grasberg...which will vary with the price of copper and local mining costs. At Dos Pobres, Arizona, from the top of...regional faults such as near deposits in northern Chile (Behn and others, 2001; Gow and Walshe, 2005), central...2006; Rowan and others, 2006). Argillic minerals alunite, and kaolinite have doublet absorption features |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Tin-Polymetallic Mineralization in the Oruro Mining District, Central Bolivian Tin Belt Asahiko SUGAKI...tin-polymetallic ore deposits of the Oruro mining district in the central part of the Bolivian tin belt...ages of hypogene mineralization, and supergene alunite and jarosite provide ages for erosional and weathering...that hypogene mineralization in the Oruro mining district took place during the early to middle Miocene:...6±1.0 Ma at Llallagua. Fine grained supergene alunite (δ34S = –10.1 ‰) and jarosite yield K-Ar ages of |  | Ossandon C., G., Freraut C., R., Gustafson, L. B., Lindsay, D. D., Zentilli, M. (2001) Geology of the Chuquicamata Mine: A Progress Report. Economic Geology, 96 (2) 249-270 doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.96.2.249 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of the Chuquicamata Mine: A Progress Report GUILLERMO OSSANDÓN C., CODELCO-Chile, Gerencia Exploraciones...Santiago, Chile ROBERTO FRÉRAUT C., CODELCO-Chile, Superintendencia Geología, Chuquicamata, Chile LEWIS... DARRYL D. LINDSAY, SRK Consultores, Santiago, Chile AND MARCOS ZENTILLI Department of Earth Sciences...Canada B3H 3J5 Abstract Chuquicamata, in northern Chile, is the world’s greatest copper orebody. It was...coarse sphalerite, along with sericite, and locally alunite but only local traces of pyrophyllite and dickite |  | Kidder, J.A., Voinot, A., Leybourne, M.I., Layton-Matthews, D., Bowell, R.J. (2021) Using stable isotopes of Cu, Mo, S, and 87Sr/86Sr in hydrogeochemical mineral exploration as tracers of porphyry and exotic copper deposits. Applied Geochemistry, 128. 104935pp. doi:10.1016/j.apgeochem.2021.104935 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Picaron Cu–Mo porphyry and exotic prospect (Atacama region, Chile) were analyzed for major and trace elements...elements Stable isotopes Non-traditional isotopes Chile Atacama 1. Introduction The Picaron Cu–Mo porphyry...100 km north-east of the El Salvador Cu–Mo porphyry and within the Atacama region’s hyper-arid desert...desert climate in northern Chile (Fig. 1). A notable characteristic is thick accumulations of post-mineralization...activities (2014–2019) in the wider Greater Victoria District (GVD) were undertaken by First Quantum Minerals |  | Cornejo, Paula, Tosdal, Richard M., Mpodozis, Constantino, Tomlinson, Andrew J., Rivera, Orlando, Fanning, C. Mark (1997) El Salvador, Chile Porphyry Copper Deposit Revisited: Geologic and Geochronologic Framework. International Geology Review, 39 (1) 22-54 doi:10.1080/00206819709465258 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | information: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tigr20 El Salvador, Chile Porphyry Copper Deposit Revisited: Geologic...Servicio National de Geologoia y Mineria , Avenida Santa Maria, Santiago, 0104, Chile b U.S. Geological...Servicio National de Geologia y Mineria , Avenida Santa Maria, Santiago, 0104, Chile d Australian National... Orlando Rivera & C. Mark Fanning (1997) El Salvador, Chile Porphyry Copper Deposit Revisited: Geologic...Winston & Son, Inc. All rights reserved. El Salvador, Chile Porphyry Copper Deposit Revisited: Geologic |  | Rieger, A. A., Marschik, R., Diaz, M., Holzl, S., Chiaradia, M., Akker, B., Spangenberg, J. E. (2010) The Hypogene Iron Oxide Copper-Gold Mineralization in the Mantoverde District, Northern Chile. Economic Geology, 105 (7) 1271-1299 doi:10.2113/econgeo.105.7.1271 | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | Copper-Gold Mineralization in the Mantoverde District, Northern Chile ANA A. RIEGER,1,† ROBERT MARSCHIK,1,†...2AngloAmerican 3Bayerische 4Section Chile, Mantoverde Division, Santiago de Chile, Chile Staatssammlung für Paläontologie... 80333 Munich, Germany des Sciences de la Terre, Université de Genève, Rue des Maraîchers 13, 1205 Genève...Genève, Switzerland 5Institut de Minéralogie et Géochimie, Université de Lausanne, Anthropole, 1015 Lausanne...Mantoverde iron oxide copper-gold (IOCG) district, northern Chile, is known for its Cu production from supergene |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of the Central American Cordillera (Western El Salvador) H. G. DILL,† H.-R. BOSSE, Federal Institute... Germany Abstract The western provinces of El Salvador, which are covered almost exclusively by igneous...(4) and (5) are characterized by the presence of alunite-, woodhouseite-, and crandallite-group minerals...of fundamental economic importance as well. El Salvador offers favorable conditions to tackle this problem...1). The nonmetallic argillaceous deposits in El Salvador are of small size, but their mineralogy is diverse |  | | Journal (article/letter/editorial) | | of Geology, FCFM, Universidad de Chile Plaza Ercilla 803, Santiago, Chile E-mail: mreich@ing.uchile.cl...of Excellence (CEGA), FCFM Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile 4 Department of Earth and Planetary Science...potential (FIG. 2C) and eventually exposed by open-pit mining operations— some open pits may be 5–6 km wide and...cooperation among scientists and exploration and mining geologists offers a unique opportunity for retrieving...weathering rates and to infer paleoclimatic conditions (de Oliveira Carmo and Vasconcelos 2006). A probability |
|
El Salvador Mine, El Salvador mining district, Diego de Almagro, Chañaral Province, Atacama, Chile