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Climax Mine, Climax, Climax Mining District, Lake County, Colorado, USAi
Regional Level Types
Climax MineMine (Active)
ClimaxVillage (Abandoned)
Climax Mining DistrictMining District
Lake CountyCounty
ColoradoState
USACountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
39° 22' 24'' North , 106° 10' 33'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Mine (Active) - last checked 2018
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Blue River904 (2017)12.9km
Alma277 (2017)13.9km
Copper Mountain385 (2011)15.1km
Leadville North1,794 (2011)16.8km
Breckenridge4,896 (2017)16.8km
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
ClubLocationDistance
Colorado Gold CampFrisco, Colorado23km
Owned/operated by:
Mindat Locality ID:
7745
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:7745:6
GUID (UUID V4):
608f87a6-bc66-4fb2-872e-736f10793e85
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Climax Open Pit Mine; Climax Molybdenum Mine; Climax Glory Hole


Near the summit of Fremont Pass, in Lake Co., approximately 15 miles north of Leadville. Owned by AMAX Corp. A molybdenum mine comprised of a large open pit and underground workings. When working, up to 50,000 tons of ore processed daily.

Produced stopped in 1985 due to low Mo prices, but recommenced during 2012.

The Climax ore deposit is the type example of the Climax-type porphyry molybdenum deposit. The geology of this type of ore deposit is described by Ludington and Plumlee (2009). They note that Climax-type molybdenum deposits are quite rare and give only 13 examples. Of these, the Climax ore deposit is by far the largest. The next largest, the Henderson deposit, is approximately 60% its size.

For many years, Climax was an underground mine worked through adits. Ore was produced by a block caving system. When this author toured the mine with a college AIME group in 1968 production was 22,000 t/d, all from the Storke level. Starting with a 60-inch gyratory crusher, the entire 22,000 tons was reduced by ranks of rod and ball mills to a particle size sufficiently small to move in suspension. Separation of minerals was accomplished by flotation (moly, monazite), humphrey spirals (pyrite) and shaker table (wolframite). The end product of this was a milk of magnesia-like slurry. This was then separated by row after row of humphrey spirals to remove pyrite, innumerable flotation cells concentrating the molybdenite and finally a shaker table separating black wolframite and a couple, small laboratory size flotation cells concentrating monazite. The mill also concentrated cassiterite, but I can't remember how that was done. For anyone interested in how big ones are reduced to little ones and then how the little ones are all sorted out, this was the place to see.

Since reactivation of the mine in 2012, after 17 years of dormancy, the underground operation has been replaced by a surface open pit. The Climax deposit consists of multiple shells of molybdenite-bearing stockwork veins around the top of a siliceous, highly evolved rhyolite porphyry stock. In addition to molybdenite, the mill recovered pyrite, wolframite, cassiterite (it was the US's only tin mine) and monazite.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

34 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
Brannerite
Formula: UTi2O6
Brookite
Formula: TiO2
Cassiterite
Formula: SnO2
Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'
Columbite-(Mn)
Formula: Mn2+Nb2O6
Euxenite-(Y)
Formula: (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ferrimolybdite
Formula: Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Galena
Formula: PbS
'Garnet Group'
Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3
Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Hübnerite
Formula: MnWO4
Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
'K Feldspar'
Koechlinite
Formula: Bi2MoO6
'Limonite'
Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Molybdenite
Formula: MoS2
Molybdite
Formula: MoO3
'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
Monazite-(Ce)
Formula: Ce(PO4)
Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
'Pyrochlore Supergroup'
Formula: A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
'Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'
Formula: (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Quartz
Formula: SiO2
Rhodochrosite
Formula: MnCO3
Description: Fig. 22
Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Rutile var. Ilmenorutile
Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2
Rutile var. Strüverite
Formula: (Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Svanbergite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'
Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Topaz
Formula: Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Torbernite
Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Uraninite
Formula: UO2
'Wad'
'Wolframite Group'
Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
Chalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
Bornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
Sphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
Chalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
Galena2.CD.10PbS
Molybdenite2.EA.30MoS2
Pyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
'Tetrahedrite Subgroup'2.GB.05Cu6(Cu4C2+2)Sb4S12S
Group 3 - Halides
Fluorite3.AB.25CaF2
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
Goethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Cassiterite4.DB.05SnO2
Rutile4.DB.05TiO2
var. Strüverite4.DB.05(Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
var. Ilmenorutile4.DB.05(Ti,Nb)O2
Hübnerite4.DB.30MnWO4
'Wolframite Group'4.DB.30 va
Columbite-(Mn)4.DB.35Mn2+Nb2O6
Brookite4.DD.10TiO2
Koechlinite4.DE.15Bi2MoO6
Euxenite-(Y)4.DG.05(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Brannerite4.DH.05UTi2O6
Uraninite4.DL.05UO2
Molybdite4.E0.10MoO3
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
Rhodochrosite5.AB.05MnCO3
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
Jarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
Gypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Ferrimolybdite7.GB.30Fe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
Xenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
Monazite-(Ce)8.AD.50Ce(PO4)
Svanbergite8.BL.05SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Torbernite8.EB.05Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
Topaz9.AF.35Al2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Muscovite
var. Sericite
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Montmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Allophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Orthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
'Pyrochlore Supergroup
var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'
-(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
'Wad'-
'Limonite'-
'Columbite-(Fe)-Columbite-(Mn) Series'-
'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
'K Feldspar'-
'Garnet Group'-X3Z2(SiO4)3
'Pyrochlore Supergroup'-A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n
'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
'Monazite'-REE(PO4)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
H Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
H Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
H BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
H FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
H Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
H GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
H JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
H MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
H SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
H TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
H TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
H Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
H ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
C RhodochrositeMnCO3
OOxygen
O Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
O Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
O BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
O BranneriteUTi2O6
O BrookiteTiO2
O CassiteriteSnO2
O Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
O FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
O Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
O GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
O HübneriteMnWO4
O Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
O JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
O KoechliniteBi2MoO6
O Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
O MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
O MolybditeMoO3
O MonaziteREE(PO4)
O Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
O MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
O OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
O QuartzSiO2
O RhodochrositeMnCO3
O RutileTiO2
O Rutile var. Strüverite(Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
O SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
O TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
O TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
O UraniniteUO2
O Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
O Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
O Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
O ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
F BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
F FluoriteCaF2
F TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
F ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Na Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Na Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
MgMagnesium
Mg BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mg Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
AlAluminium
Al Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Al BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Al MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Al Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Al OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Al SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Al TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Al Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Si Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Si BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Si MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Si OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Si QuartzSiO2
Si TopazAl2(SiO4)(F,OH)2
Si Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Si Garnet GroupX3Z2(SiO4)3
PPhosphorus
P MonaziteREE(PO4)
P Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
P SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
P TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
P Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
P ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
S BorniteCu5FeS4
S ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
S ChalcociteCu2S
S GalenaPbS
S GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
S JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
S MolybdeniteMoS2
S PyriteFeS2
S SphaleriteZnS
S SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
S Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
ClChlorine
Cl ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
K BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
K JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
K MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
K OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
K Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Ca Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Ca Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ca FluoriteCaF2
Ca GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Ca Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Ca ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Ti Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Ti BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Ti BranneriteUTi2O6
Ti BrookiteTiO2
Ti Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ti Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Ti RutileTiO2
Ti Rutile var. Strüverite(Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
MnManganese
Mn HübneriteMnWO4
Mn Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
Mn RhodochrositeMnCO3
FeIron
Fe BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fe BorniteCu5FeS4
Fe ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Fe FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Fe Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Fe JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Fe MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Fe PyriteFeS2
Fe Rutile var. Strüverite(Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
CuCopper
Cu BorniteCu5FeS4
Cu ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cu ChalcociteCu2S
Cu Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
Cu TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
ZnZinc
Zn SphaleriteZnS
SrStrontium
Sr SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
YYttrium
Y Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Y Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
NbNiobium
Nb Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Nb Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Nb Rutile var. Ilmenorutile(Ti,Nb)O2
Nb Columbite-(Mn)Mn2+Nb2O6
MoMolybdenum
Mo FerrimolybditeFe2(MoO4)3 · nH2O
Mo KoechliniteBi2MoO6
Mo MolybdeniteMoS2
Mo MolybditeMoO3
SnTin
Sn CassiteriteSnO2
SbAntimony
Sb Tetrahedrite SubgroupCu6(Cu4C22+)Sb4S12S
CeCerium
Ce Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ce Monazite-(Ce)Ce(PO4)
TaTantalum
Ta Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
Ta Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
Ta Rutile var. Strüverite(Ti,Ta,Fe)O2
WTungsten
W HübneriteMnWO4
PbLead
Pb GalenaPbS
BiBismuth
Bi KoechliniteBi2MoO6
ThThorium
Th Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
UUranium
U Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)(Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)
U BranneriteUTi2O6
U Euxenite-(Y)(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6
U TorberniteCu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 12H2O
U UraniniteUO2

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Oligocene : 28.4 Ma to 24.8 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic TimeRocks, Minerals and Events
Phanerozoic
 Cenozoic
  Paleogene
   Oligocene
ⓘ Molybdenite (youngest age)24.8 Ma
ⓘ Molybdenite (oldest age)28.4 Ma

Other Databases

Wikipedia:https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Climax_mine
Wikidata ID:Q5133646

Localities in this Region

  • Colorado

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America
North America PlateTectonic Plate
USA

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

 
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