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Bluebird Kyanite Mine (Vitrefrax Corporation property; Vitrefrax Mine; Bluebird Hill Kyanite deposit; Drifted Snow; Foster Bluebird Mine; Bluebird Mine; Ogilby Kyanite deposit), Vitrefrax Hill (Bluebird Hill), Obregon, Cargo Muchacho Mining District (Hedges Mining District; Ogilby Mining District), Cargo Muchacho Mountains, Imperial County, California, USAi
Regional Level Types
Bluebird Kyanite Mine (Vitrefrax Corporation property; Vitrefrax Mine; Bluebird Hill Kyanite deposit; Drifted Snow; Foster Bluebird Mine; Bluebird Mine; Ogilby Kyanite deposit)Mine
Vitrefrax Hill (Bluebird Hill)Hill
Obregon- not defined -
Cargo Muchacho Mining District (Hedges Mining District; Ogilby Mining District)Mining District
Cargo Muchacho MountainsMountain Range
Imperial CountyCounty
CaliforniaState
USACountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
32° 50' 39'' North , 114° 48' 24'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
32.84417,-114.80667
GeoHash:
G#: 9my6ge074
GRN:
N22W70
Type:
Mine
Köppen climate type:
BWh : Hot deserts climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Los Algodones4,874 (2015)17.4km
Colonia Ladrillera277 (2018)18.7km
Colonia Francisco Santana Peralta578 (2013)18.8km
Donovan Estates1,508 (2017)19.2km
Avenue B and C4,176 (2017)19.5km
Mindat Locality ID:
76963
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:76963:8
GUID (UUID V4):
c02a5af0-ae3f-4ad2-af92-d59b7f08f0b0


A former Au-kyanite-mica occurrence/mine located in sec. 18 & in the NW¼NW¼ sec. 19, T15S, R21E, SBM, 2.2 km (7,400 feet) SW of Obregon (2.5 miles NE of Ogilby) W slope of the Cargo Muchacho Mountains. Owned by the Vitrefrax Corporation. Acquired by Aluminum Silicates Company of Los Angeles in 1949. Operated during the period 1925-1946. MRDS database accuracy for this location is not stated. Kyanite was used for refractory cement products ("Argon" & "Durex").

Mineralization is a metamorphic deposit hosted in quartzite and schist. The ore body is bedded at a thickness of 121.92 meters and a length of 1,609.3 meters. The outcrop is discontinuous along its length. At the quarry, the quartz-kyanite quartzite forms the core of the hill with interbedded quartz-sericite schist at the flanks. Local rocks include Schist of various types and ages, unit 9 (Cargo Muchacho Mountains).

Workings include surface openings at a length of 30.48 meters and an overall depth of 7.62 meters. Three staggered benches in the hillside. Above the top bench is a 75 foot cut 50 feet wide.

Total production was 10 tons valued at $80,000 (period values).

Mines rock was 35% kyanite, the remainder is 15% kyanite.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


17 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Albite
Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Almandine
Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
Description: Occurs as crystals to 8 mm. Common in a pyrophyllite lens.
ⓘ Andalusite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Colour: Pale brown
Description: Occurs as crystals in sericite and pyrophyllite per Pemberton. This may actually refer to the Drifted Snow Mine (https://www.mindat.org/loc-300076.html) (WW Besse, 2018).
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Colour: Pinkish
Description: Occurs as euhedral crystals filling vugs or seams in a pyrophyllite lens.
ⓘ Baryte var. Strontium-bearing Baryte
Formula: (Ba,Sr)SO4
Colour: Pinkish
Description: Occurs as euhedral crystals filling vugs or seams in a pyrophyllite lens.
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ Carnotite
Formula: K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Colour: Brilliant yellow
Description: Occurs as films on fracture surfaces of a pyrophyllite lens.
ⓘ Gold
Formula: Au
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
Colour: Blue
Description: Occurs as crystals with quartzite and muscovite schist.
ⓘ 'Limonite'
Description: Occurs as pseudomorphs after pyritohedral pyrite crystals to 25 mm diameter.
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Relatively pure muscovite, var. sericite.
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Description: Relatively pure muscovite, var. sericite.
ⓘ Pyrophyllite
Formula: Al2Si4O10(OH)2
Colour: Apple-green
Description: Occurs as foliated bodies in the Vitrefax Formation.
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Rutile
Formula: TiO2
Colour: Deep red
Description: Occurs as crystals to 2 mm long. Common in pyrophyllite lenses.
ⓘ Scorzalite
Formula: Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Description: Occurs with quartz-kyanite concentrations.
ⓘ Svanbergite
Formula: SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Habit: Pseudocubic rhombohedra.
Colour: Nearly colourless to honey-yellow
Description: Occurs as crystals to 2 mm in a pyrophyllite lens.
ⓘ 'Tourmaline'
Formula: AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Colour: Black

Gallery:

Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3ⓘ Almandine
Al2(SiO4)Oⓘ Andalusite
K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2Oⓘ Carnotite
Fe2O3ⓘ Hematite
Al2(SiO4)Oⓘ Kyanite
Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2ⓘ Scorzalite

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘGold1.AA.05Au
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘRutile4.DB.05TiO2
ⓘCarnotite4.HB.05K2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBaryte
var. Strontium-bearing Baryte		7.AD.35(Ba,Sr)SO4
ⓘ7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘScorzalite8.BB.40Fe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
ⓘSvanbergite8.BL.05SrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAlmandine9.AD.25Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘAndalusite9.AF.10Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘPyrophyllite9.EC.10Al2Si4O10(OH)2
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘAlbite9.FA.35Na(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Tourmaline'-AD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Limonite'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Hⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Hⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
BBoron
Bⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
OOxygen
Oⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ RutileTiO2
Oⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Oⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ TourmalineAD3G6 (T6O18)(BO3)3X3Z
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Baryte var. Strontium-bearing Baryte(Ba,Sr)SO4
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
NaSodium
Naⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Alⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Alⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AlbiteNa(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ AndalusiteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ PyrophylliteAl2Si4O10(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
Pⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
SSulfur
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ Baryte var. Strontium-bearing Baryte(Ba,Sr)SO4
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ RutileTiO2
VVanadium
Vⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O
FeIron
Feⓘ AlmandineFe32+Al2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ ScorzaliteFe2+Al2(PO4)2(OH)2
SrStrontium
Srⓘ SvanbergiteSrAl3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Srⓘ Baryte var. Strontium-bearing Baryte(Ba,Sr)SO4
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ Baryte var. Strontium-bearing Baryte(Ba,Sr)SO4
AuGold
Auⓘ GoldAu
UUranium
Uⓘ CarnotiteK2(UO2)2(VO4)2 · 3H2O

Other Databases

Link to USGS MRDS:10105299

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America
North America PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Melhase, John (1925), Andalusite in California (Inyo Range): Engineering & Mining Journal: 120: 91-94; […(abstract): Geol. Zentralbl., Band 37: 73 (1928)]: 94.
Tucker, W. Burling (1926), Imperial, Inyo Counties: California Mining Bureau. Report 22: 269, 280.
Sampson, Reid J. & W. Burling Tucker (1931), Feldspar, silica, andalusite, and cyanite deposits of California: California Mining Bureau. Report 27: 455.
Henshaw, P.C. (1942) Geology and Mineral Deposits of the Cargo Muchacho Mountains, Imperial County California. California Journal of Mines and Geology: 38: 153-154.
Campbell, Ian & L.A. Wright (1950), Kyanite paragenesis at Ogilby, California: Geological Society of America Bulletin: 61: 1520-1521.
Wright, L.A. (1957) Kyanite Andalusite, and Related Minerals, in Mineral Commodities of California: California Division of Mines Bull. 176: 275-280.
Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 73, 237, 243, 305, 358.
Clark, Wm. B. (1970a) Gold districts of California: California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 193.
Bideaux, Richard A., Pemberton, H. Earl (1971) An Occurrence of Svanbergite in California. The Mineralogical Record, 2 (5) 225
Morton, Paul K. (1977) Geology and Mineral Resources of Imperial County California. County Report 7. California Division of Mines and Geologypages 66, 79, 83
Pemberton, H. Earl (1983) Minerals of California. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
(2005) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), US Geological Survey.
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