登录注册
Quick Links : Mindat手册The Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
主页关于 MindatMindat手册Mindat的历史版权Who We Are联系我们于 Mindat.org刊登广告
捐赠给 MindatCorporate Sponsorship赞助板页已赞助的板页在 Mindat刊登 广告的广告商于 Mindat.org刊登广告
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
搜索矿物的性质搜索矿物的化学Advanced Locality Search随意显示任何一 种矿物Random Locality使用minID搜索邻近产地Search Articles搜索词汇表更多搜索选项
搜索:
矿物名称:
地区产地名称:
关键字:
 
Mindat手册添加新照片Rate Photos产区编辑报告Coordinate Completion Report添加词汇表项目
Mining Companies统计会员列表Mineral MuseumsClubs & Organizations矿物展及活动The Mindat目录表设备设置The Mineral Quiz
照片搜索Photo GalleriesSearch by Color今天最新的照片昨天最新的照片用户照片相集过去每日精选照片相集Photography

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibiai
Regional Level Types
Okorusu MineOpen-Cast Mine
Otjiwarongo ConstituencyConstituency
Otjozondjupa RegionRegion
NamibiaCountry

This page kindly sponsored by Chris Johnston
PhotosMapsSearch
05722620015573700878725.jpg
Okorusu mine

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
03591600017057085275744.jpg
Geology of Okorusu Mountain

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
02289290014960893042664.jpg
Okoruso

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
04884850015614585409460.jpg
Okorusu mine

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
03591600017057085275744.jpg
Geology of Okorusu Mountain

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
08339050014985181448469.jpg
Okoruso

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
04884850015614585409460.jpg
Okorusu mine

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
08854170017057085273237.jpg
Geology of Okorusu Mountain

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
20° 3' 19'' South , 16° 44' 35'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
-20.05532,16.74327
GeoHash:
G#: kk7vvj016
GRN:
S14E12
Type:
Open-Cast Mine
Age:
126.6 ± 7.3 Ma
Geologic Time:
Early/Lower Cretaceous
Dating method:
Rb-Sr whole rock
Reference for age:
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Köppen climate type:
BSh : Hot semi-arid (steppe) climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Otjiwarongo21,224 (2016)46.5km
Mindat Locality ID:
5842
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:5842:4
GUID (UUID V4):
e4ea7668-3508-493e-b163-d91d59742bd4
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Okarusu Mine


An open pit fluorite mine located on Marburg Farm 1, 62 km north of Otjiwarongo town. Part of an alkaline igneous-carbonatite ring dike complex where fluorite has replaced pegmatitic carbonatite.

Mined since around 1920. Then closed in 1963 (Weninger, 1972). Since 1988 operated by Okorusu Fluorspar (Pty) Ltd. Sold in 1997 to Solvay SA.

The mine is famous for outstanding blue and green fluorite crystals, often with phantoms. The mine management allows a specimen miner (Peter Eysselein) to extract fluorite specimens to be sold on the international market (Brandstetter, 2011). The first specimen mining contract was granted to Christopher L. Johnston, Johnston Namibia CC in 2001. Johnston Namibia CC mined specimens until late 2003. Prior to Mr. Johnston and Mr. Eysselein mining specimens, Okorusu Fluorspar (Pty) Ltd informally collected and offered specimens for sale, with proceeds being used for community development.

The Early-Cretaceous alkaline rocks/sövite complex intruded Late Precambrian Damara series (quartzites, marbles, and biotite schists). The metasedimentary rocks have been fenitized in the vicinity of the intrusion. Fluorite also replaces host-rocks (marbles and biotite schists).

REE-bearing minerals occur in beforsitic carbonatite dikes and carbonate-fluorite-bearing metasomatites. Their HREE content is significant.

Closed in 2014 due to increased stripping ratio and beneficiation problems.

The mine assets were bought by Gecko Namibia. Currently, Gecko uses parts of the processing plant for beneficiation of graphite from a neighbouring mine (Okandje).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded from this region.


Mineral List

Mineral list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

40 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Rock list contains entries from the region specified including sub-localities

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Aegirine
Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘ Aegirine-augite
Formula: (NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
Description: In sodic fenites associated withpegmatitic carbonatites. In fenites.
References:
Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20.
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Analcime
Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Andradite
Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite
Formula: Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites.
References:
Journal of Microtextural Mineralogy, 52 (4), 2000, pp. 17-20.
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Augite
Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Description: Baryte occurs with fluorite and quartz.
ⓘ 'Biotite'
Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
ⓘ Burbankite
Formula: (Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites : crystals up to 10 cm diameter. In fenites.
References:
Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
ⓘ Cancrinite
Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ Celestine
Formula: SrSO4
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Cryolite
Formula: Na2NaAlF6
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series var. Hortonolite'
Formula: from (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Buhn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J. and Dulski, P. (2002). The nature of orthomagmatic carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chemical Geology, 186, 75-98.
ⓘ 'Feldspar Group var. Perthite'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Fluorapatite
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F
✪ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
Habit: Cubic (sharp & lustrous)
Colour: Deep sea green to purple
Fluorescence: Brilliant blue (best LW UV; SW UV).
Description: This mine produced some of the finest sea green fluorite crystal specimens in the world. Fluorite replaces calcite in pegmatitic carbonatites and associated sodic fenites, but also host-rock marbles and biotite schists.
References:
Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Rustemeyer, P. (2000): Okosuru: Fundstelle attraktiver Fluorite in Namibia. Lapis 25(3), 24-29, 50.
Buhn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J. and Dulski, P. (2002). The nature of orthomagmatic carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chemical Geology, 186, 75-98.
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
ⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite
Formula: (Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
Description: Replaces pyrite, pyrrhotite and aegirine-augite.
ⓘ Halite
Formula: NaCl
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Hematite
Formula: Fe2O3
Description: Replaces titanomagnetite in pegmatite carbonatites replaced by fluorite.
ⓘ Hematite var. Martite
Formula: Fe2O3
Description: Replaces titanomagnetite in pegmatite carbonatites replaced by fluorite.
ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'
Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ 'K Feldspar'
ⓘ Kyanite
Formula: Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘ 'Limonite'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
Description: In sodic fenites associated with pegmatitic carbonatites. Secondary magnetite after replacement of pyrrhotite by goethite.
References:
Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Hagni, R.D., , and Viladkar, S.G., (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. in Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31
ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites : crystals up to 13 cm diameter. In fenites.
ⓘ 'Manganese Oxides'
ⓘ Microcline
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Microperthite'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Monazite'
Formula: REE(PO4)
ⓘ Nahcolite
Formula: NaHCO3
ⓘ Nepheline
Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Perovskite
Formula: CaTiO3
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Phlogopite
Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ 'Plagioclase'
Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites.
ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'
Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
Description: In pegmatitic carbonatites and in associated sodic fenites..
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
References:
Fluorite: The Collector's Choice. Extra Lapis English No. 9
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Weninger, H. (1972): Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin 66, 280-284.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Buhn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J. and Dulski, P. (2002). The nature of orthomagmatic carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chemical Geology, 186, 75-98.
ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Siderite ?
Formula: FeCO3
References:
Chris Johnston specimen ID 1345155 Identified by Debbie Woolf: Visual Identification
ⓘ Sodalite
Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ 'Sodic amphibole'
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Strontianite
Formula: SrCO3
ⓘ Sylvite
Formula: KCl
ⓘ 'Synchysite'
Formula: Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Description: Inclusions.
ⓘ Thorite
Formula: Th(SiO4)
ⓘ Titanite
Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O
References:
Prins, P. 1981. The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie, 3, 145-278.
Van Zijl, P.J. 1962. The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A, 37, 237-339.
Harris, C. (1995). Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 122(3), 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S. C., Le Roex, A. P., & O'CONNOR, J. M. (1995). Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwesternNamibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society, 152(1), 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Le Roex, A. P., & Lanyon, R. (1998). Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume—lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology, 39(6), 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
ⓘ Xenotime-(Y)
Formula: Y(PO4)

Gallery:

BaSO4ⓘ Baryte
trans.png
Baryte

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Baryte, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
CaCO3ⓘ Calcite
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Calcite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
SrSO4ⓘ Celestine
trans.png
Celestine, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Celestine, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Celestine, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
CaF2ⓘ Fluorite
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Fluorite

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
α-Fe3+O(OH)ⓘ Goethite
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia
trans.png
Goethite, etc.

Okorusu Mine, Otjiwarongo Constituency, Otjozondjupa Region, Namibia

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘHalite3.AA.20NaCl
ⓘSylvite3.AA.20KCl
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘvar. Yttrofluorite3.AB.25(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x
ⓘCryolite3.CB.15Na2NaAlF6
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ'Pyrochlore Group'4.00.A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘvar. Titanium-bearing Magnetite4.BB.05Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
ⓘHematite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘvar. Martite4.CB.05Fe2O3
ⓘPerovskite4.CC.30CaTiO3
ⓘQuartz
var. Citrine		4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘ4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘNahcolite5.AA.15NaHCO3
ⓘSiderite ?5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘStrontianite5.AB.15SrCO3
ⓘBurbankite5.AC.30(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘCelestine7.AD.35SrSO4
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘXenotime-(Y)8.AD.35Y(PO4)
ⓘFluorapatite8.BN.05Ca5(PO4)3F
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘAndradite9.AD.25Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3
ⓘvar. Melanite9.AD.25Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
ⓘThorite9.AD.30Th(SiO4)
ⓘKyanite9.AF.15Al2(SiO4)O
ⓘTitanite9.AG.15CaTi(SiO4)O
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘAugite9.DA.15(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine-augite9.DA.20(NaaCabFe2+cMgd)(Fe3+eAlfFe2+gMgh)Si2O6
ⓘAegirine9.DA.25NaFe3+Si2O6
ⓘPhlogopite9.EC.20KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘNepheline9.FA.05Na3K(Al4Si4O16)
ⓘMicrocline9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘCancrinite9.FB.05(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
ⓘSodalite9.FB.10Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
ⓘAnalcime9.GB.05Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Unclassified
ⓘ'Plagioclase'-(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series
var. Hortonolite'		-from (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ'Microperthite'-
ⓘ'Manganese Oxides'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'K Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Alkali Feldspar'-
ⓘ'Hornblende Root Name Group'-◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
ⓘ'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'-
ⓘ'Synchysite'-Ca(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
ⓘ'Feldspar Group
var. Perthite'		-
ⓘ'Biotite'-K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
ⓘ'Feldspar Group'-
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Monazite'-REE(PO4)
ⓘ'Sodic amphibole'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Hⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Hⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Hⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Hⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Cⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
OOxygen
Oⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Oⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Oⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Oⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Oⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Oⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ Quartz var. CitrineSiO2
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Oⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Oⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Oⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Oⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Oⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Oⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
Oⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Oⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Oⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Oⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Oⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Oⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Oⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
Oⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series var. Hortonolitefrom (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
FFluorine
Fⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Fⓘ CryoliteNa2NaAlF6
Fⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x
Fⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Fⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Naⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Naⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Naⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Naⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Naⓘ CryoliteNa2NaAlF6
Naⓘ HaliteNaCl
Naⓘ NahcoliteNaHCO3
Naⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Naⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Naⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Mgⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Mgⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Mgⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series var. Hortonolitefrom (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Alⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Alⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Alⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Alⓘ CryoliteNa2NaAlF6
Alⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Alⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Alⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Alⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
SiSilicon
Siⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Siⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Siⓘ AnalcimeNa(AlSi2O6) · H2O
Siⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Siⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Siⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Siⓘ Quartz var. CitrineSiO2
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ KyaniteAl2(SiO4)O
Siⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Siⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)
Siⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Siⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Siⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
Siⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series var. Hortonolitefrom (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Pⓘ MonaziteREE(PO4)
Pⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ HaliteNaCl
Clⓘ SodaliteNa4(Si3Al3)O12Cl
Clⓘ SylviteKCl
Clⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Kⓘ MicroclineK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ NephelineNa3K(Al4Si4O16)
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ PhlogopiteKMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ SylviteKCl
CaCalcium
Caⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Caⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Caⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Caⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ Cancrinite(Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ FluorapatiteCa5(PO4)3F
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Caⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Caⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x
Caⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
Caⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group◻Ca2(Z42+Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2
Caⓘ Plagioclase(Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
TiTitanium
Tiⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Tiⓘ PerovskiteCaTiO3
Tiⓘ TitaniteCaTi(SiO4)O
Tiⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Tiⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
FeIron
Feⓘ AegirineNaFe3+Si2O6
Feⓘ Aegirine-augite(NaaCabFec2+Mgd)(Fee3+AlfFeg2+Mgh)Si2O6
Feⓘ AndraditeCa3Fe23+(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Augite(CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6
Feⓘ BiotiteK(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ HematiteFe2O3
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ Hematite var. MartiteFe2O3
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing MagnetiteFe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4
Feⓘ Andradite var. MelaniteCa3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3
Feⓘ Fayalite-Forsterite Series var. Hortonolitefrom (Fe1.5Mg0.5)2SiO4 to (Mg1.5Fe0.5)2SiO4
CuCopper
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
SrStrontium
Srⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Srⓘ CelestineSrSO4
Srⓘ StrontianiteSrCO3
YYttrium
Yⓘ Xenotime-(Y)Y(PO4)
Yⓘ Fluorite var. Yttrofluorite(Ca1-xYx)F2+x where 0.05< x
Yⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
NbNiobium
Nbⓘ Pyrochlore GroupA2Nb2(O,OH)6Z
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Baⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
CeCerium
Ceⓘ Burbankite(Na,Ca)3(Sr,Ba,Ce)3(CO3)5
Ceⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
NdNeodymium
Ndⓘ SynchysiteCa(Ce/Nd/Y/REE)(CO3)2F
PbLead
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
ThThorium
Thⓘ ThoriteTh(SiO4)

Localities in this Region

Namibia

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

African PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

https://www.mining-technology.com/news/newsokorusu-mine-in-namibia-to-close-ending-400-jobs-4422012/
Wolf, F., Mischo, H., Elmiess, R. (2018) Mine design of an underground fluorspar mine in Okorusu, Namibia. Mining Engineering: 70(2): 24-28. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/323185491_Mine_design_of_an_underground_fluorspar_mine_in_Okorusu_Namibia
Hagni, R.D., Shivdasan, P.A. (2000) Characterizing megascopic textures in fluorospar ores at Okorusu mine. Journal of Mineralogy: 52: 17-19.
Einecke, G. (1956).
Van Zijl, P.J. (1962) The geology, structure and petrology of the alkaline intrusions of Kalkfeld and Okorusu and the invaded Damara rocks. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A: 37: 237-339.
Weninger, H. (1972) Zwei bemerkenswerte Mineralvorkommen in Südwestafrika. Der Karinthin: 66: 280-284. http://www.zobodat.at/pdf/DerKarinthin_66_0001-0036.pdf
Prins, P. (1981) The geochemical evolution of the alkaline and carbonatite complexes of the Damaraland igneous province, South West Africa. Annale Universiteit van Stellenbosch, Serie A1, Geologie: 3: 145-278.
King, Vandall T., Robinson, George W. (1989) What's New in Minerals? Sixteenth Annual Rochester Academy of Science Mineralogical Symposium. The Mineralogical Record: 20(5): 387-399 (page 396).
Daul, J., Bauer, K., Moser, P. (1993) Bergbau in Namiba - Erfahrungen einer Studienreise. Institut für Bergbaukunde, Bergtechnik und Bergwirtschaft, Wissenschaftliche Schriftenreihe No. 3, Leoben, Austria, 130 pages (in German).
Harris, C. (1995) Oxygen isotope geochemistry of the Mesozoic anorogenic complexes of Damaraland, northwest Namibia: evidence for crustal contamination and its effect on silica saturation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology: 122(3): 308-321. doi.org/10.1007/s004100050130
Milner, S.C., Le Roex, A.P., O'Connor, J.M. (1995) Age of Mesozoic igneous rocks in northwestern Namibia, and their relationship to continental breakup. Journal of the Geological Society: 152(1): 97-104. doi.org/10.1144/gsjgs.152.1.0097
Kogut, A.I., Hagni, R.D., Schneider, G.I.C. (1998) Geology, mineralogy, and paragenetic sequence of the Okorusu carbonatite-related fluorite ores, Namibia. In: Hagni, R.D. (Ed.) (1998) Proceedings of the 9th Quadrennial IAGOD Symposium: 555-573.
Le Roex, A.P., Lanyon, R. (1998) Isotope and trace element geochemistry of Cretaceous Damaraland lamprophyres and carbonatites, northwestern Namibia: Evidence for plume-lithosphere interactions. Journal of Petrology: 39(6): 1117-1146. doi.org/10.1093/petroj/39.6.1117
Rustemeyer, P. (2000) Okosuru: Fundstelle attraktiver Fluorite in Namibia. Lapis: 25(3): 24-29; 50 (in German).
www.tms.org (n.d.) http://www.tms.org/pubs/journals/JOM/0004/Hagni-0004.html
Woolley, A.R. (2001) Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London: 205.
Buhn, B., Rankin, A.H., Schneider, J., Dulski, P. (2002) The nature of orthomagmatic carbonatitic fluids precipitating REE, Sr-rich fluorite: fluid-inclusion evidence from the Okorusu fluorite deposit, Namibia. Chemical Geology: 186: 75-98.
Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189
Shivdasan, P.A. (2003) Petrology, geochemistry, and mineralogy of pyroxene and pegmatitic carbonatite and the associated fluorspar deposit at Okorusu alkaline igneous carbonatite complex, Namibia. University of Missouri-Rolla.
Cairncross, Bruce (2004) Field Guide to Rocks & Minerals of Southern Africa. 288pp.
Hagni, R.D., Viladkar, S.G. (2006) Similarities And Disimilarities Between The Fluorspar Deposits At The Amba Dongar, India And Okorusu, Namibia Carbonatite Complexes. Geological Association of Canada, Program with Abstracts Volume 31.
Miller, R. McG. (2008). Early Cretaceous anorogenic ring complexes and plutons of the Damaraland Suite. In: R. McG Miller The Geology of Namibia, Vol. 3: Palaeozoic to Cenozoic. Ministry of Mines and Energy Geological Survey, Windhoek, Namibia, 18-1–18-138.
Brandstetter, R. (2011) Aus der Okorusu Mine in Namibia: Neue Fluoritfunde mit spektakulären Phantombildungen. Lapis: 36(9): 13-23; 62.
Van der Meersche, E., Brandstetter, R. (2011) Sensationell flächenreiche Fluorite aus dem B-Pit der Okorusu Mine, Namibia. Lapis: 36(9): 24-26; 62.
Cairncross, B. (2018). Okorusu fluorite mine, Namibia. Mineralogical Record, 49(3), 375-398.
Quick NavTopCommoditiesMineral ListRock TypesLocalities in RegionOther RegionsReferences
 
矿物 and/or 产地  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
版权所有© mindat.org1993年至2024年，除了规定的地方。 Mindat.org全赖于全球数千个以上成员和支持者们的参与。
隐私政策 - 条款和条款细则 - 联络我们 - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: 2024.4.24 06:58:58 Page updated: 2024.3.26 04:39:52
Go to top of page