Landsverk 3 Feldspar Quarry, Landsverk, Evje og Hornnes, Agder, Norwayi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Landsverk 3 Feldspar Quarry | Quarry |
| Landsverk | Farm |
| Evje og Hornnes | Municipality |
| Agder | County |
| Norway | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
58° 35' 33'' North , 7° 51' 35'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Byglandsfjord | 332 (2014) | 8.6km |
| Birkeland | 2,254 (2010) | 36.3km |
| Vennesla | 10,931 (2014) | 36.6km |
| Tveit | 1,397 (2010) | 42.7km |
| Strai | 1,266 (2013) | 45.0km |
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
| Club | Location | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Sørlandets Geologiforening | Kristiansand | 49km |
Mindat Locality ID:
49349
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:49349:8
GUID (UUID V4):
f02c1971-6ec6-4750-b7da-cdbe695083d1
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Beryllbruddet; Hagebruddet
Other Languages:
Norwegian:
Landsverk III gruve, Landsverk, Evje og Hornnes, Agder, Norge
In the summer of 1903 P. Schei found a mineral he could not identify in this quarry, and on the label he wrote "Epidote".
Years later, samples of an unknown mineral from the Ljosland 04 Quarry (Thortveititettgruva) in Iveland were shown to feldspar dealer Olaus Thortveit, who subsequently sent them in 1910 to Oslo.
This was then shown to be a completely new mineral, the first in the world with scandium as main cation.
It was described in 1911 by Schetelig and named after Olaus Thortveit.
Quarry owner and miner Theodor Gautestad found a bucket full of thortveitite in this quarry, and sold it to the DuPont company in the US for 170.000 norwegian Kroner, at that time a fortune.
The price of thortveitite was before WW2 not more than 1 kr/g, but from 1955 on prices went up, and at its highest the price was 19 kr/g, three times the price of gold.
Exactly what kind of expectations the Americans had, is not known. It has been said that there were expectations to make ultra-strong lasers with scandium.
But being related to the REE it is obvious that there are plenty of reasons to study this metal.
Nowadays, scandium is still a little used element due to its high price.
$3600/kg according to https://mineralprices.com/rare-earth-metals/ (26 nov. 2018)
But the USGS lists a much higher price:
https://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/scandium/mcs-2018-scand.pdf
Up to $226.00/g for a 2 gram sample.
Coordinates © Kartverket - https://www.kartverket.no
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
10 valid minerals.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) References: |
| ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar' |
| ⓘ Beryl Formula: Be3Al2(Si6O18) References: |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ Bismuthinite Formula: Bi2S3 |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 References: |
| ⓘ Microcline Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite Formula: K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ 'Monazite' Formula: REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ Muscovite Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ 'Plagioclase' Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 References: |
| ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile Formula: (Ti,Nb)O2 References: |
| ✪ Thortveitite Formula: Sc2Si2O7 Description: Local collector and miner Theodor Gautestad found many kilos of thortveitite in this quarry, among which possibly the best single crystal in existance:
https://www.mindat.org/photo-662863.html
This specimen is at display in the l'Ecole des Mines in Paris, France.
Much of the thortveitite Gautestad found, was sold to the duPont company in the USA for research purposes.
Note that the locality name is wrong.
Andersen (1931) describes Landsverk 2 and mentions "Rumpetrollskjerpet" as alternative name.
Landsverk 2 is almost void of minerals, and finds on the dumps of Landsverk 3 support the claim that this is the origin of all the thortveitite.
References: |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Bismuthinite | 2.DB.05 | Bi2S3 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | 4.DB.05 | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| ⓘ | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 | |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Thortveitite | 9.BC.05 | Sc2Si2O7 |
| ⓘ | Beryl | 9.CJ.05 | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| ⓘ | Muscovite | 9.EC.15 | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Microcline var. Amazonite | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) | |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Monazite' | - | REE(PO4) |
| ⓘ | 'Alkali Feldspar' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Plagioclase' | - | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| O | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Thortveitite | Sc2Si2O7 |
| O | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Na | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Al | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Beryl | Be3Al2(Si6O18) |
| Si | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Thortveitite | Sc2Si2O7 |
| Si | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Monazite | REE(PO4) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Microcline var. Amazonite | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Microcline | K(AlSi3O8) |
| K | ⓘ Muscovite | KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Plagioclase | (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8 |
| Sc | Scandium | |
| Sc | ⓘ Thortveitite | Sc2Si2O7 |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Nb | Niobium | |
| Nb | ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile | (Ti,Nb)O2 |
| Bi | Bismuth | |
| Bi | ⓘ Bismuthinite | Bi2S3 |
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References
