Passaic pit (Marshall Mine; Passaic Mine), Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USAi
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Passaic pit (Marshall Mine; Passaic Mine) | Pit |
| Sterling Hill | Hill |
| Ogdensburg | - not defined - |
| Franklin Mining District | Mining District |
| Sussex County | County |
| New Jersey | State |
| USA | Country |
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Key
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
41° 4' 57'' North , 74° 36' 21'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Locality type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Ogdensburg | 2,286 (2017) | 1.2km |
| Franklin | 4,855 (2017) | 4.9km |
| Sparta | 19,722 (2018) | 6.1km |
| Hamburg | 3,155 (2017) | 8.3km |
| Lake Mohawk | 9,916 (2017) | 8.4km |
The Passaic pit is an old open cut workings dating to the late 19th century (circa 1870), operated by the Passaic Zinc Co. It mined an outcropping of altered ore which sets within the folds of the Sterling orebody. Primary zinc ores were weathered principally to hemimorphite "maggot" ore and a suite of secondary manganese, zinc and lead minerals. It is now on the property of the Sterling Hill Mining Museum and is still producing minerals.
This locality is within the Franklin Mining District.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Strunz Dana Chemical ElementsMineral List
64 valid minerals. 3 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals. 2 (FRL) - first recorded locality of unapproved mineral/variety/etc. 1 erroneous literature entry.
Detailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Actinolite Formula: ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Albite Formula: Na(AlSi3O8) Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ 'Albite-Anorthite Series' Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9. |
ⓘ Andradite Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt2:310. |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 Description: Occurs as an alteration product of galena in weathered zones within the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):129; Dunn(1995):Pt5:627. |
ⓘ 'Anomalite' (FRL) Type Locality: Reference: Palche et al. (1944) Dans's System of Mineralogy, v. 1. |
| ⓘ Anorthite Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8) Reference: Dunn (1995) |
| ⓘ 'Apatite' Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
✪ Augite Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 Habit: prismatic with dome terminations Colour: brown-black to green-black Description: Now recognized as augite, this material was formerly called "jeffersonite." It occurs as dark colored, rough crystals to over 20 cm in weathered ore zones between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Good crystals also occur at the contact of very tough, massive, dark augite/hendricksite/augite rock with marble. Crystal terminations typically slightly rounded. Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt3:432.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Aurichalcite Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 Reference: Personally collected by Modris Baum & visually ID'd by him. |
| ⓘ Aurorite Formula: Mn2+Mn4+3O7 · 3H2O Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt4:584. |
ⓘ Azurite Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 Habit: tabular Colour: blue Description: formed from small grains of bornite and chalcopyrite in the Franklin Marble found just outside the "mud zone" in the walls of the Passaic Pit, associated with malachite. Reference: Earl Verbeek; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 Fluorescence: White (SW UV) Description: As scarce blebs in the genthelvite assemblage in amphibole-rich rock. Reference: Mr. Mark Boyer; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Baumhauerite Formula: Pb12As16S36 Colour: Black, blue-tarnished Fluorescence: None. Description: Occurs as other than microscopic (visible blebs and crystals) for the first time in this area in Precambrian Franklin marble associated with pararealgar, pyrite and phlogopite. Collected by Mr. Zumrill. Reference: J. Cianciulli, Curator, Franklin Mineral Museum |
| ⓘ 'Biotite' Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Bornite Formula: Cu5FeS4 Habit: anhedral grains Colour: purple-black tarnish Description: small grains in the Franklin Marble found just outside the "mud zone" in the walls of the Passaic Pit, associated with malachite and azurite. Reference: Harold Moritz collection |
| ⓘ Bustamite Formula: CaMn2+(Si2O6) Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 Description: A huge boulder of galena altering to cerussite was found during recent excavations in the pit. The cerussite is nicely crystallized. Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt4:620; Palalche(1935):57; Common knowledge of local collectors and museum officials. |
| ⓘ Chalcocite Formula: Cu2S Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
✪ Chalcophanite (TL) Formula: ZnMn4+3O7 · 3H2O Type Locality: Habit: Rhombohedral crystals on stalactites. Colour: bluish black Description: Occurs in weathered ore zones within the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Moore G E (1875) On chalcophanite, a new mineral species. The American Chemist 6, 1-2; Palache(1935):52; Baum( J.L.: The Sterling Hill mud zone: The Picking Table:3(2):8-10 (1962); Dunn(1995):Pt4:587. |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 Habit: anhedral grains Colour: brassy with purple tarnish Description: small grains in the Franklin Marble found just outside the "mud zone" in the walls of the Passaic Pit, associated with malachite and azurite. Reference: Harold Moritz collection |
| ⓘ 'Chlorite Group' Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9. |
| ⓘ Chrysotile Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 Reference: Van Fleet, James A. and Verbeek, Earl R.(2013) "Fluorescent Chrysotile From Sterling Hill, New Jersey." The Picking Table: Journal of the Franklin-Ogdensburg Mineralogical Society 54, no. 1 : 17-21 |
| ⓘ Corundum Formula: Al2O3 Description: Occurs in altered ore as relic material from disintegrated marble. Reference: Palache(1935):41. |
| ⓘ Cryptomelane Formula: K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Frondel, C.: Am.Min.:38:761-769; Dunn(1995):Pt4:591. |
| ⓘ Descloizite Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH) Description: Occurs in weathered ore on altered augite between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):122; Dunn(1995):Pt5:666. |
ⓘ Diopside Formula: CaMgSi2O6 Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9. |
✪ Dundasite Formula: PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O Habit: Hemispherical aggregates. Colour: White Description: A huge boulder of galena altering to cerussite was found during recent excavations in the pit. The cerussite is nicely crystallized. The white mineral found in this assemblage was analyzed and proved to be dundasite, a mineral new to the locality and the Reference: John Cianciulli, Curator, Franklin Mineral Museum, analysis by Malcolm Back, Royal Ontario Museum. |
ⓘ Fluoborite Formula: Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 Reference: Modris Baum |
✪ Fluorapatite Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F Habit: prismatic with shallow pyramidal terminations Colour: blue-green, brownish green, white, gray Fluorescence: none Description: Crystals up to 15 cm mostly in marble in contact with augite-rich rock at the saddle between the Passaic and Noble pits. Not fluorescent. Typically have bumpy resorbed surfaces. Some crystals naturally weathered out of calcite in the "mud zone" on the saddle have dull color and chalky appearance. Reference: Dunn (1995); Harold Moritz collection |
ⓘ Fluorite Formula: CaF2 Reference: Personally collected by Modris Baum & visually ID'd by him. |
| ⓘ Fluor-uvite Formula: CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F Reference: Dunn, P. J., Appleman, D., Nelen, J., and Norberg, J. 1977, Uvite, a New (Old) Common Member of the Tourmaline Group and Its Implications for Collections, Mineralogical Record, v. 8, p. 100-108. |
| ✪ Franklinite Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4 Habit: Large octahedrons Colour: Black Fluorescence: None. Description: Occurs as massive material, blebs and granules to large octahedral crystals weathered from primary ore. Reference: Common knowledge of occurrence.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
✪ Gahnite Formula: ZnAl2O4 Habit: octahedral Colour: very dark green Fluorescence: none Description: Euhedral crystals typically occur in calcite pods within, or in calcite adjacent to, tough, massive, dark augite/hendricksite/gahnite rock in the East Ore Vein. Crystals can be over 5 cm on an edge, faces usually lustrous with some resorption/rounding. Internally fractured and very brittle, they crumble readily. Also occurs in weathered zones between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):44; Dunn (1995); Harold Moritz collection.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Galena Formula: PbS Description: Galena was found several years ago in a huge boulder in the Passaic pit, associated with cerussite and dundasite. Recently (August, 2002) galena is being retrieved from another section of the Passaic pit associated with gahnite, fluorapatite, sphalerite a Reference: J. Cianciulli, Curator, Franklin Min. Museum; C. Lemanski, Jr.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ 'Garnet Group' Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3 Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
✪ Genthelvite Formula: Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S Habit: 7.5 to 8 cm on edge Colour: Colorless, whitish, pale greenish. Fluorescence: Gray-green (LW UV). Description: Found in an assemblage of gahnite, apatite, rhodonite, galena, quartz, titanite, zircon, barite and ore minerals in the footwall of the East vein, Sterling orebody, in the Passaic Pit at the entrance to the fill quarry. Most specimen were represented by s Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26.; John Cianciulli, Curator, Franklin Mineral Museum; Mr. Mark Boyer |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) Fluorescence: None. Description: Occurs in weathered zones within the folds of teh Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Baum, J.L.: The Sterling Hill mud zone: The Picking Table:3(2):8-10; Dunn(1995):Pt4:592.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Gold Formula: Au Reference: Peter Chin |
✪ Graeserite Formula: (Fe3+ ,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) Habit: Tabular, exhibiting apparent oscillatory growth pattern. Colour: Black Fluorescence: None. Description: One extraordinaryily large crystal (3.8 x 3.7 x 0.3 cm) in matrix. Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9. |
| ⓘ Hastingsite Formula: {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 Description: The magnesian variety of hastingsite occurring in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt3:432,454. |
✪ Hemimorphite Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O Colour: Colorless to white, brown-stained. Fluorescence: Blue-white to greenish-white (SW) + white phosphorescence Description: Occurs abundantly as crusts and masses of aggregated crystals forming structures termed "maggot ore." Reference: Dunn(1995):Pt3:414. |
✪ Hendricksite Formula: KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 Habit: prismatic with tapering or pinacoidal terminations Colour: dark brownish black Fluorescence: none Description: Large crystals to over 9 cm across and more than 15 cm long in marble associated with tough, massive, dark augite/hendricksite/gahnite rock in the East Ore Vein. Good crystals at the contacts of these rocks. Reference: Dunn (1995); Harold Moritz collection; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ✪ Hetaerolite (TL) Formula: ZnMn2O4 Type Locality: Reference: Frondel, C. & Heinrich, E.W.: Am.Min.:27:48-56 (1942); Frondel, C. & Klein, C., Jr.: Am.Min.:50:1670-1680 (1965); Dunn(1995):Pt4:598-599. |
| ✪ Hetaerolite var: Hydrohetaerolite (FRL) Formula: ZnMn2O4 · H2O Type Locality: Description: Occurs as crusts and masses in weathered zones within the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):53; Baum, J.L.: The Sterling Hill mud zone: The Picking Table:3(2):8-10; Dunn(1995):Pt4:599. |
✪ Hydrozincite Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 Colour: White Fluorescence: Bright blue (SW). Description: Occurs as films and coatings in weathered ore zones within the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. A notable occurrence in the early 1990's was as veinlets of hydrozincite with copper minerals coursing through red-fluorescent calcite boulders. Reference: Common knowledge of local collectors and museum officials. |
✪ 'Jeffersonite' Formula: Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 Habit: Blocky, rough to relatively sharp Colour: Black, brown-black Fluorescence: None Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Magnetite Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4 Reference: Verbeek, E. et al (2006) Mineral News: 22(9): 8-9.; Dunn, Pete J. (1995), chapter 22: magnetite. |
ⓘ Malachite Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 Habit: acicular, radiating, massive Colour: green Description: formed from small grains of bornite and chalcopyrite in the Franklin Marble found just outside the "mud zone" in the walls of the Passaic Pit, associated with azurite. Reference: Harold Moritz collection; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Meionite Formula: Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 Habit: massive with fibrous cleavage, granular, stout prismatic crystals Colour: white to pale green Fluorescence: pink to magenta Description: ID based on Dunn's report of the prevalence of meionite in the district. Large cleavable masses to 15 cm, granular, and as stout crystals with calcite, augite, black mica, magnetite, fluorapatite in the saddle between the Passaic and Noble pits. Weathers to a frosty, crumbly, semi-fibrous white material. Reference: Dunn, P.J. (1995): Franklin and Sterling Hill New Jersey: the world's most magnificent mineral deposits; 512. |
| ⓘ Orthoclase Formula: K(AlSi3O8) Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Pararealgar Formula: As4S4 Colour: Golden-yellow. Fluorescence: None. Description: Occurs in Precambrian Franklin marble associated with baumhauerite, pyrite and phlogopite. Collected by Mr. Zumrill. Reference: J. Cianciulli, Curator, Franklin Mineral Museum |
| ✪ Phlogopite Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 Habit: stubby to elongated, tapered prismatic with pseudohexagonal outline rarely terminated by pinacoids Colour: black Description: Large essentially black crystals to over 9 cm across and more than 15 cm long in marble associated with tough, massive, dark augite/gahnite rock in the East Ore Vein. Good crystals at the contacts of these rocks. 2008 EDS analysis shows abundant Mg plus much Fe, Zn and Mn; XRD with 10.3 Å spacing indicates a phlogopite-3T polytype, probably mixed with some phlogopite-1M, seeing that the (001) reflection is broad ranging down to 9.2 Å and the other peaks are sharp (Van King communication 2016). Reference: Harold Moritz collection |
| ⓘ 'Phlogopite-1M' Reference: Fritz Moritz |
| ⓘ 'Phlogopite-3T' Reference: Fritz Moritz |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Recently observed as massive, glassy material in the amphibole-rich genthelvite assemblage. Reference: Palache(1935):36; Mr. Mark Boyer, C. Lemanski, Jr..; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Rhodonite Formula: Mn2+SiO3 Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Rutile Formula: TiO2 Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):49. |
| ⓘ Scheelite Formula: Ca(WO4) Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Segnitite Formula: PbFe3+3AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 Reference: Anthony Kampf |
ⓘ Smithsonite Formula: ZnCO3 Description: Occurs as a secondary mineral in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):56. |
ⓘ Spessartine Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 Reference: Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Sphalerite Formula: ZnS Habit: massive, granular Colour: colorless to pale brown Fluorescence: bright orange long-wave fluorescence for late stage sphalerite Description: Granular masses, sparkling with cleavage and commonly colorless to pale brown and translucent, associated with massive augite, galena, meionite, gahnite, and calcite in the East ore vein or on the saddle between the Passaic and Noble pits. Reference: Harold Moritz collection; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Talc Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 Description: Occurs in weathered zones between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Palache(1935):119. |
ⓘ Tephroite Formula: Mn2+2SiO4 Habit: anhedral Colour: reddish-brown Fluorescence: none Description: massive material with gahnite, franklinite, minor willemite (along tephroite grain boundaries and as exsolution in tephroite) in calcite. From the northernmost part of the East Ore Vein within the Passaic Pit, just south of the Edison Tunnel entrance. Reference: Harold Moritz collection |
| ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O Description: Non-fluorescent glassy white to cloudy slender laths to 1 cm on coarse franklinite-rich ore. X-ray by PJD. Reference: Harvard University #114036 |
| ⓘ Titanite Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O Description: Occurs as small, dark brown crystals in the genthelvite assemblage in amphibole-rich rock. Reference: Mark Boyer; C. Lemanski, Jr.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
| ⓘ Todorokite Formula: (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O Description: Occurs in weathered ore between the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Baum, J.L.: The Sterling Hill mud zone: The Picking Table:3(2):8-10. |
| ⓘ 'Tourmaline' Formula: A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z Reference: Sterling Hill Mining Museum |
| ⓘ ' Formula: Ca(Mg3)MgAl5(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(F/OH) Description: The tourmaline in the Franklin Marble is fluorine-dominant Reference: Palache(1935):112; Dunn, P. J., Appleman, D., Nelen, J., and Norberg, J. 1977, Uvite, a New (Old) Common Member of the Tourmaline Group and Its Implications for Collections, Mineralogical Record, v. 8, p. 100-108.; Dunn(1995):Pt3:425-427. |
| ⓘ 'Wad' Reference: Palche et al. (1944) Dans's System of Mineralogy, v. 1. |
ⓘ Willemite Formula: Zn2SiO4 Reference: Steve Sanford; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
ⓘ Wollastonite Formula: CaSiO3 Fluorescence: Golden yellow (SW UV) Description: The outcrop of the wollastonite zone within the fold of the Sterling orebody, near the keel (South end), was recently discovered in the Passaic Pit. The material occurs with calcite. Reference: Mr. Mark Boyer |
| ⓘ Woodruffite (TL) Formula: Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMn3+x)O2·yH2O Type Locality: Description: Occurs in weathered ore zones within the folds of the Sterling Hill orebody. Reference: Frondel, C.: Am. Min.:38:761-769 (1953); Baum, J.L.: The Sterling Hill mud zone: The Picking Table:3(2):8-10; Dunn(1995):Pt4:606. |
ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) Habit: Simple tabular crystals Colour: Butterscotch yellow Description: Tiny crystals in vugs of matrix. Reference: Personally collected by Modris Baum & visually ID'd by him & Chester Lemanski. |
| ⓘ Zircon Formula: Zr(SiO4) Habit: Prismatic Description: One large crystal observed in the genthelvite assemblage (in situ) by J. Kolic. Crystal could not be extracted with any integrity. Reference: Mr. John Kolic; C. Lemanski, Jr.; Leavens, P. B., Zullo, J., & Verbeek, E. (2009). A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26. |
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Baumhauerite | 2.HC.05b | Pb12As16S36 |
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.BA.15 | Cu5FeS4 |
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.BA.05 | Cu2S |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.CD.10 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pararealgar | 2.FA.15b | As4S4 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.CB.05a | ZnS |
| Group 3 - Halides | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 3.AB.25 | CaF2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Aurorite | 4.FL.20 | Mn2+Mn4+3O7 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Chalcophanite (TL) | 4.FL.20 | ZnMn4+3O7 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.CB.05 | Al2O3 |
| ⓘ | Cryptomelane | 4.DK.05a | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| ⓘ | Franklinite | 4.BB.05 | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Gahnite | 4.BB.05 | ZnAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Graeserite | 4.JB.55 | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hetaerolite (TL) | 4.BB.10 | ZnMn2O4 |
| ⓘ | var: Hydrohetaerolite (TL) | 4.BB.10 | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 4.BB.05 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.DB.05 | TiO2 |
| ⓘ | Todorokite | 4.DK.10 | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| ⓘ | Woodruffite (TL) | 4.FL.25 | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMn3+x)O2·yH2O |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 5.BA.15 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Azurite | 5.BA.05 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Dundasite | 5.DB.10 | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 5.BA.15 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 5.BA.10 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 5.AB.05 | ZnCO3 |
| Group 6 - Borates | |||
| ⓘ | Fluoborite | 6.AB.50 | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Scheelite | 7.GA.05 | Ca(WO4) |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates | |||
| ⓘ | Descloizite | 8.BH.40 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 8.BN.05 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| ⓘ | Segnitite | 8.BL.10 | PbFe3+3AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Group 9 - Silicates | |||
| ⓘ | Actinolite | 9.DE.10 | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Albite | 9.FA.35 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Andradite | 9.AD.25 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Anorthite | 9.FA.35 | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| ⓘ | Augite | 9.DA.15 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Bustamite | 9.DG.05 | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| ⓘ | Chrysotile | 9.ED.15 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 9.DA.15 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| ⓘ | Fluor-uvite | 9.CK.05 | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| ⓘ | Genthelvite | 9.FB.10 | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| ⓘ | Hastingsite | 9.DE.15 | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 9.BD.10 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Hendricksite | 9.EC.20 | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Meionite | 9.FB.15 | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 9.FA.30 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 9.EC.20 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Rhodonite | 9.DK.05 | Mn2+SiO3 |
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 9.AD.25 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Talc | 9.EC.05 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Tephroite | 9.AC.05 | Mn2+2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Thomsonite-Ca | 9.GA.10 | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | Titanite | 9.AG.15 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| ⓘ | 'Uvite Series' ? | 9.. | Ca(Mg3)MgAl5(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(F/OH) |
| ⓘ | Willemite | 9.AA.05 | Zn2SiO4 |
| ⓘ | Wollastonite | 9.DG.05 | CaSiO3 |
| ⓘ | Zircon | 9.AD.30 | Zr(SiO4) |
| Unclassified Minerals, Rocks, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | 'Albite-Anorthite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Anomalite' (TL) | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | 'Jeffersonite' | - | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | 'Phlogopite-1M' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Phlogopite-3T' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Wad' | - | |
List of minerals arranged by Dana 8th Edition classification
| Group 1 - NATIVE ELEMENTS AND ALLOYS | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Metals, other than the Platinum Group | |||
| ⓘ | Gold | 1.1.1.1 | Au |
| Group 2 - SULFIDES | |||
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 2:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcocite | 2.4.7.1 | Cu2S |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 3:2 | |||
| ⓘ | Bornite | 2.5.2.1 | Cu5FeS4 |
| AmXp, with m:p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Galena | 2.8.1.1 | PbS |
| ⓘ | Pararealgar | 2.8.21.2 | As4S4 |
| ⓘ | Sphalerite | 2.8.2.1 | ZnS |
| AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 1:1 | |||
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.9.1.1 | CuFeS2 |
| Group 3 - SULFOSALTS | |||
| 2 < ø < 2.49 | |||
| ⓘ | Baumhauerite | 3.6.13.1 | Pb12As16S36 |
| Group 4 - SIMPLE OXIDES | |||
| A2X3 | |||
| ⓘ | Corundum | 4.3.1.1 | Al2O3 |
| AX2 | |||
| ⓘ | Rutile | 4.4.1.1 | TiO2 |
| Group 6 - HYDROXIDES AND OXIDES CONTAINING HYDROXYL | |||
| XO(OH) | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 6.1.1.2 | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Group 7 - MULTIPLE OXIDES | |||
| AB2X4 | |||
| ⓘ | Franklinite | 7.2.2.4 | Zn2+Fe3+2O4 |
| ⓘ | Gahnite | 7.2.1.4 | ZnAl2O4 |
| ⓘ | Hetaerolite (TL) | 7.2.7.2 | ZnMn2O4 |
| ⓘ | var: Hydrohetaerolite (FRL) | 7.2.7.3 | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| ⓘ | Magnetite | 7.2.2.3 | Fe2+Fe3+2O4 |
| AB3X7 | |||
| ⓘ | Aurorite | 7.8.2.2 | Mn2+Mn4+3O7 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Chalcophanite (TL) | 7.8.2.1 | ZnMn4+3O7 · 3H2O |
| ⓘ | Todorokite | 7.8.1.1 | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| ⓘ | Woodruffite (TL) | 7.8.1.2 | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMn3+x)O2·yH2O |
| AB8X16 | |||
| ⓘ | Cryptomelane | 7.9.1.2 | K(Mn4+7Mn3+)O16 |
| Group 9 - NORMAL HALIDES | |||
| AX2 | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorite | 9.2.1.1 | CaF2 |
| Group 14 - ANHYDROUS NORMAL CARBONATES | |||
| A(XO3) | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 14.1.1.1 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 14.1.3.4 | PbCO3 |
| ⓘ | Smithsonite | 14.1.1.6 | ZnCO3 |
| Group 16a - ANHYDROUS CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| ⓘ | Azurite | 16a.2.1.1 | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Malachite | 16a.3.1.1 | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Aurichalcite | 16a.4.2.1 | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| ⓘ | Hydrozincite | 16a.4.1.1 | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Group 16b - HYDRATED CARBONATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| ⓘ | Dundasite | 16b.2.1.1 | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| Group 25 - ANHYDROUS BORATES CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| Monoborates | |||
| ⓘ | Fluoborite | 25.1.2.1 | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Group 28 - ANHYDROUS ACID AND NORMAL SULFATES | |||
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 28.3.1.3 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 28.3.1.1 | BaSO4 |
| Group 41 - ANHYDROUS PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Descloizite | 41.5.2.1 | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| A5(XO4)3Zq | |||
| ⓘ | Fluorapatite | 41.8.1.1 | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Group 42 - HYDRATED PHOSPHATES, ETC.CONTAINING HYDROXYL OR HALOGEN | |||
| (AB)2(XO4)Zq·xH2O | |||
| ⓘ | Segnitite | 42.7.4.4 | PbFe3+3AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Group 48 - ANHYDROUS MOLYBDATES AND TUNGSTATES | |||
| AXO4 | |||
| ⓘ | Scheelite | 48.1.2.1 | Ca(WO4) |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 48.1.3.1 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Group 51 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups Only | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [4] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Willemite | 51.1.1.2 | Zn2SiO4 |
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with all cations in octahedral [6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Tephroite | 51.3.1.4 | Mn2+2SiO4 |
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in [6] and >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Andradite | 51.4.3b.1 | Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Spessartine | 51.4.3a.3 | Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Insular SiO4 Groups Only with cations in >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Zircon | 51.5.2.1 | Zr(SiO4) |
| Group 52 - NESOSILICATES Insular SiO4 Groups and O,OH,F,H2O | |||
| Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [6] and/or >[6] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Titanite | 52.4.3.1 | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Group 56 - SOROSILICATES Si2O7 Groups, With Additional O, OH, F and H2O | |||
| Si2O7 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O with cations in [4] coordination | |||
| ⓘ | Hemimorphite | 56.1.2.1 | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Group 61 - CYCLOSILICATES Six-Membered Rings | |||
| Six-Membered Rings with borate groups | |||
| ⓘ | Fluor-uvite | 61.3.1.3 | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| ⓘ | 'Uvite Series' ? | 61.3.1.3 | Ca(Mg3)MgAl5(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(F/OH) |
| Group 65 - INOSILICATES Single-Width,Unbranched Chains,(W=1) | |||
| Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=2 | |||
| ⓘ | Augite | 65.1.3a.3 | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Diopside | 65.1.3a.1 | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=3 | |||
| ⓘ | Bustamite | 65.2.1.2 | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| ⓘ | Wollastonite | 65.2.1.1c | CaSiO3 |
| Single-Width Unbranched Chains, W=1 with chains P=5 | |||
| ⓘ | Rhodonite | 65.4.1.1 | Mn2+SiO3 |
| Group 71 - PHYLLOSILICATES Sheets of Six-Membered Rings | |||
| Sheets of 6-membered rings with 1:1 layers | |||
| ⓘ | Chrysotile | 71.1.5.1 | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Sheets of 6-membered rings with 2:1 layers | |||
| ⓘ | Hendricksite | 71.2.2b.6 | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Phlogopite | 71.2.2b.1 | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Talc | 71.2.1.3 | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Group 75 - TECTOSILICATES Si Tetrahedral Frameworks | |||
| Si Tetrahedral Frameworks - SiO2 with [4] coordinated Si | |||
| ⓘ | Quartz | 75.1.3.1 | SiO2 |
| Group 76 - TECTOSILICATES Al-Si Framework | |||
| Al-Si Framework with Al-Si frameworks | |||
| ⓘ | Albite | 76.1.3.1 | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| ⓘ | Orthoclase | 76.1.1.1 | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al-Si Framework Feldspathoids and related species | |||
| ⓘ | Genthelvite | 76.2.4.3 | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| Unclassified Minerals, Mixtures, etc. | |||
| ⓘ | Actinolite | - | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Albite-Anorthite Series' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Anomalite' (FRL) | - | |
| ⓘ | Anorthite | - | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| ⓘ | 'Apatite' | - | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| ⓘ | 'Biotite' | - | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Chlorite Group' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Garnet Group' | - | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| ⓘ | Graeserite | - | (Fe3+ ,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hastingsite | - | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe2+4Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | 'Jeffersonite' | - | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| ⓘ | Meionite | - | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| ⓘ | 'Phlogopite-1M' | - | |
| ⓘ | 'Phlogopite-3T' | - | |
| ⓘ | Thomsonite-Ca | - | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| ⓘ | 'Tourmaline' | - | A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| ⓘ | 'Wad' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hetaerolite (var: Hydrohetaerolite) | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Woodruffite | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMnx3+)O2·yH2O |
| H | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Graeserite | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| H | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| H | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Aurorite | Mn2+Mn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| H | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| H | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| H | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| H | ⓘ Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| H | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| H | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| H | ⓘ Segnitite | PbFe33+AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| H | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Be | Beryllium | |
| Be | ⓘ Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| B | Boron | |
| B | ⓘ Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| B | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| B | ⓘ Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| C | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| C | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| C | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| C | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hetaerolite (var: Hydrohetaerolite) | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Woodruffite | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMnx3+)O2·yH2O |
| O | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Franklinite | Zn2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| O | ⓘ Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| O | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Graeserite | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| O | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| O | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Aurorite | Mn2+Mn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| O | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| O | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| O | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Wollastonite | CaSiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| O | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| O | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| O | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| O | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| O | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| O | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| O | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| O | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| O | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| O | ⓘ Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| O | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Rhodonite | Mn2+SiO3 |
| O | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| O | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| O | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| O | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| O | ⓘ Segnitite | PbFe33+AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| O | ⓘ Tephroite | Mn22+SiO4 |
| O | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| F | Fluorine | |
| F | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| F | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| F | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| F | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| F | ⓘ Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Na | Sodium | |
| Na | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Na | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Na | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Na | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Mg | Magnesium | |
| Mg | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Mg | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Mg | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| Mg | ⓘ Fluoborite | Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3 |
| Mg | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Mg | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Al | Aluminium | |
| Al | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| Al | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Corundum | Al2O3 |
| Al | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Al | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Al | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| Al | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Al | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Al | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| Si | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| Si | ⓘ Talc | Mg3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Si | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Si | ⓘ Wollastonite | CaSiO3 |
| Si | ⓘ Tourmaline | A(D3)G6(Si6O18)(BO3)3X3Z |
| Si | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Si | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Si | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| Si | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| Si | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Si | ⓘ Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| Si | ⓘ Garnet Group | X3Z2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Rhodonite | Mn2+SiO3 |
| Si | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Si | ⓘ Albite | Na(AlSi3O8) |
| Si | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Si | ⓘ Chrysotile | Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4 |
| Si | ⓘ Tephroite | Mn22+SiO4 |
| P | Phosphorus | |
| P | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| P | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| S | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Pararealgar | As4S4 |
| S | ⓘ Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| S | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| Cl | Chlorine | |
| Cl | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Cl | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| K | Potassium | |
| K | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Phlogopite | KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2 |
| K | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| K | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| K | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| K | ⓘ Orthoclase | K(AlSi3O8) |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorapatite | Ca5(PO4)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| Ca | ⓘ Wollastonite | CaSiO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Apatite | Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH) |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Diopside | CaMgSi2O6 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluorite | CaF2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Meionite | Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3 |
| Ca | ⓘ Fluor-uvite | CaMg3(Al5Mg)(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F |
| Ca | ⓘ Anorthite | Ca(Al2Si2O8) |
| Ca | ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O |
| Ca | ⓘ Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| Ca | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Ca | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Ti | Titanium | |
| Ti | ⓘ Graeserite | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| Ti | ⓘ Rutile | TiO2 |
| Ti | ⓘ Titanite | CaTi(SiO4)O |
| V | Vanadium | |
| V | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Mn | Manganese | |
| Mn | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Hetaerolite (var: Hydrohetaerolite) | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| Mn | ⓘ Woodruffite | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMnx3+)O2·yH2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| Mn | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Aurorite | Mn2+Mn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| Mn | ⓘ Cryptomelane | K(Mn74+Mn3+)O16 |
| Mn | ⓘ Bustamite | CaMn2+(Si2O6) |
| Mn | ⓘ Rhodonite | Mn2+SiO3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Spessartine | Mn32+Al2(SiO4)3 |
| Mn | ⓘ Tephroite | Mn22+SiO4 |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Franklinite | Zn2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Graeserite | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Augite | (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hastingsite | {Na}{Ca2}{Fe42+Fe3+}(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Andradite | Ca3Fe23+(SiO4)3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Biotite | K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg)([Si/Al]Si2O10)(OH/F)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Magnetite | Fe2+Fe23+O4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Actinolite | ☐{Ca2}{Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5}(Si8O22)(OH)2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Segnitite | PbFe33+AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Fe | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Azurite | Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| Cu | ⓘ Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| Cu | ⓘ Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Zn | Zinc | |
| Zn | ⓘ Chalcophanite | ZnMn34+O7 · 3H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hetaerolite (var: Hydrohetaerolite) | ZnMn2O4 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hetaerolite | ZnMn2O4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Woodruffite | Zn2+x/2(Mn4+1-xMnx3+)O2·yH2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Hemimorphite | Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O |
| Zn | ⓘ Franklinite | Zn2+Fe23+O4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Gahnite | ZnAl2O4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Genthelvite | Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S |
| Zn | ⓘ Jeffersonite | Ca(Mn,Zn,Fe)Si2O6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hendricksite | KZn3(Si3Al)O10(OH)2 |
| Zn | ⓘ Hydrozincite | Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Zn | ⓘ Smithsonite | ZnCO3 |
| Zn | ⓘ Aurichalcite | (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6 |
| Zn | ⓘ Willemite | Zn2SiO4 |
| Zn | ⓘ Sphalerite | ZnS |
| As | Arsenic | |
| As | ⓘ Graeserite | (Fe3+,Ti)4Ti3AsO13(OH) |
| As | ⓘ Pararealgar | As4S4 |
| As | ⓘ Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 |
| As | ⓘ Segnitite | PbFe33+AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
| Sr | Strontium | |
| Sr | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Zr | Zirconium | |
| Zr | ⓘ Zircon | Zr(SiO4) |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Todorokite | (Na,Ca,K,Ba,Sr)1-x(Mn,Mg,Al)6O12 · 3-4H2O |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| W | Tungsten | |
| W | ⓘ Scheelite | Ca(WO4) |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Gold | Au |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Dundasite | PbAl2(CO3)2(OH)4 · H2O |
| Pb | ⓘ Galena | PbS |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Descloizite | PbZn(VO4)(OH) |
| Pb | ⓘ Baumhauerite | Pb12As16S36 |
| Pb | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Pb | ⓘ Segnitite | PbFe33+AsO4(AsO3OH)(OH)6 |
References
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Year (asc) Year (desc) Author (A-Z) Author (Z-A)Palache, C. (1935) The minerals of Franklin and Sterling Hill, Sussex County, New Jersey. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 180: 36, 41, 44, 49, 52, 53, 56, 57, 112, 119, 122, 129.
Frondel, C. and Heinrich, E.W. (1942) New data on hetaerolite, hydrohetaerolite, coronadite and hollandite. American Mineralogist, 27, 48-56.
Frondel, C. (1953) New manganese oxides: hydrohausmannite and woodruffite. American Mineralogist, 38, 761-769.
Frondel, C. and Klein, C., Jr. (1965) Exsolution in franklinite. American Mineralogist, 50, 1670-1680.
Dunn, P.J., Appleman, D., Nelen, J., and Norberg, J. (1977) Uvite, a New (Old) Common Member of the Tourmaline Group and Its Implications for Collectors. Mineralogical Record, 8(2) [Pegmatite Issue # 1], 100-108.
Dunn, Pete J. (1995) Franklin and Sterling Hill New Jersey: the world's most magnificent mineral deposits, Part 2: 310; Part 3: 414, 425-427, 432, 454; Part 4: 584, 587, 591, 598-599, 606, 620; Part 5: 627, 666.
Verbeek, E. et al. (2006) Mineral News, 22(9), 8-9.
Leavens, P.B., Zullo, J., and Verbeek, E. (2009) A complex, genthelvite-bearing skarn from the Passaic pit, Sterling Hill mine, Ogdensburg, New Jersey. Axis, 5, 26.
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Passaic pit, Sterling Hill, Ogdensburg, Franklin Mining District, Sussex County, New Jersey, USA