Alibert, C., Michard, A., & Albarède, F. (1983). The transition from alkali basalts to kimberlites: isotope and trace element evidence from melilitites. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 82(2-3), 176-186.

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wedepohl, K. H., Gohn, E., & Hartmann, G. (1994). Cenozoic alkali basaltic magmas of western Germany and their products of differentiation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 115(3), 253-278.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Melilite Group'

Formula: Ca₂M(XSiO₇)

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Natrolite

Formula: Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O

Localities:

Hohenkrähen (Hohenkräten), Singen, Konstanz, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
Mägdeberg, Mühlhausen-Ehingen, Konstanz, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany

References:

Klaproth, M. H. (1810) Chemische Untersuchung des Natroliths. In Beiträge zur chemischen Kenntniss der Mineralkörper Vol. 5. Rottmann, Berlin. p.44-49.

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO₃

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Sanidine

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl₂O₄

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

References:

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	Spinel	4.BB.05	MgAl₂O₄
ⓘ	Magnetite	4.BB.05	Fe²⁺Fe³⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Perovskite	4.CC.30	CaTiO₃
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Sanidine	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	Natrolite	9.GA.05	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'	-
ⓘ	'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'	-
ⓘ	'Hornblende Root Name Group'	-	◻Ca₂(Z²⁺₄Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Melilite Group'	-	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Al	ⓘ Spinel	MgAl₂O₄
Al	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Natrolite	Na₂Al₂Si₃O₁₀ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Cl	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Sanidine	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Hornblende Root Name Group	◻Ca₂(Z₄²⁺Z³⁺)(AlSi₇O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl)₂
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Melilite Group	Ca₂M(XSiO₇)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Magnetite	Fe²⁺Fe₂³⁺O₄

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Miocene : 13 Ma to 7 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

ⓘ Phonolite (youngest age)	7 Ma
ⓘ Phonolite (oldest age)	9.5 Ma
ⓘ Melilitite (youngest age)	10 Ma
ⓘ Melilitite (oldest age)	13 Ma

Localities in this Region

Germany

Baden-Württemberg
- Freiburg Region
  - Konstanz
    - Mühlhausen-Ehingen
      - Mägdeberg
    - Singen
      - Hohenkrähen (Hohenkräten)

Other Regions, Features and Areas that Intersect

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Keller, J. (1989). Extrusive carbonatites and their significance. Carbonatites: genesis and evolution. Unwin Hyman, London, 70-88.

Keller, J., Brey, G., Lorenz, V., & Sachs, P. (1990). Volcanism and petrology of the upper Rhinegraben (Urach-Hegau-Kaiserstuhl). Fieldguide, IAVCEI 1990 preconference excursion, 2.

Wilson, M., Rosenbaum, J. M., & Dunworth, E. A. (1995). Melilitites: partial melts of the thermal boundary layer?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 119(2-3), 181-196.

Hegner, E., & Vennemann, T. W. (1997). Role of fluids in the origin of Tertiary European intraplate volcanism: evidence from O, H, and Sr isotopes in melilitites. Geology, 25(11), 1035-1038.

Dunworth, E. A., & Wilson, M. (1998). Olivine melilitites of the SW German Tertiary Volcanic Province: mineralogy and petrogenesis. Journal of Petrology, 39(10), 1805-1836.

Woolley, Alan R. (2019) Alkaline Rocks and Carbonatites of the World. Part 4: Antarctica, Asia and Europe (excluding the former USSR), Australasia and Oceanic Islands. The Geological Society of London. doi:10.1144/mpar4

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