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Defiance Mine, Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine), Darwin, Darwin Mining District, Darwin Hills, Inyo County, California, USAi
Regional Level Types
Defiance MineMine
Darwin Mine (Anaconda; Bernon Mine; Defiance Mine; Essex Mine; Independence Mine; Intermediate Mine; Rip Van Winkle Mine; Thompson Mine)Mine
Darwin- not defined -
Darwin Mining DistrictMining District
Darwin HillsGroup of Hills
Inyo CountyCounty
CaliforniaState
USACountry

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PhotosMapsSearch
Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
36° 16' 54'' North , 117° 36' 33'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
36.28167,-117.60917
GeoHash:
G#: 9qkq7szs5
GRN:
N25W68
Type:
Mine
Köppen climate type:
BSk : Cold semi-arid (steppe) climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Olancha192 (2015)35.7km
Lone Pine2,035 (2015)54.4km
Mindat Locality ID:
3473
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:3473:2
GUID (UUID V4):
84b1cec8-1685-44c1-9b77-6ba79bca24e4


A former Ag-W-Au-Cu-Zn-Pb mine located in the SW¼ sec. 13 & in sec. 14 (?), T19S, R40E, MDM, 2.3 km (1.4 miles) NW of Darwin. MRDS database stated accuracy for this location is 1,000 meters.

NOTE: This is one of several mines incorporated into the "Darwin Mine" of the Anaconda Corp. It was also later incorporated into the group termed the "Darwin Mines," owned by Mexicanus Colorado Inc.

In 1945 The Anaconda Co. purchased the Bernon Defiance, Driver, Essex, Independence, Lane, Lucky Jim, Promontory, Rip Van Winkle and Thompson mines, and other small properties In the Darwin quadrangle and the Columbia mine at the south end of the Darwin Hills in the Coso Peak quadrangle, and they have operated some of them from 1945 to 1955.

The Company „Project Darwin LLC“ acquired the Darwin mines and 58 patented mining claims in 1996. The company is looking for investors to re-start the Darwin mines.

Local rocks include Quaternary alluvium and marine deposits.

Workings include unspecified underground openings.

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


32 valid minerals.

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
ⓘ 'Apatite'
Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ Aurichalcite
Formula: (Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Description: Occurs as fibrous, radiating clusters and coatings.
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
ⓘ Boulangerite ?
Formula: Pb5Sb4S11
Description: A specimen in the University of California, Berkeley, collection was tentatively identified as boulangerite.
ⓘ Braunite
Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Chrysocolla
Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
ⓘ Creedite
Formula: Ca3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
ⓘ Diopside
Formula: CaMgSi2O6
ⓘ Fluorite
Formula: CaF2
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ Grossular
Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Description: Alters to anhydrite upon removal.
ⓘ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Colour: Colorless
Description: Occurs as crusts with occasional crystals.
ⓘ Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Habit: Blade-like.
Colour: Colorless, white
ⓘ Linarite
Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Habit: Thin platy.
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘ Montmorillonite
Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Colour: Pale greenish yellow
Description: Occurs as masses.
ⓘ Muscovite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite
Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘ Orthoclase
Formula: K(AlSi3O8)
ⓘ Plumbojarosite
Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
ⓘ Pyrolusite
Formula: Mn4+O2
ⓘ Selenium
Formula: Se
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Sulphur
Formula: S8
ⓘ Wollastonite
Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘ Wulfenite
Formula: Pb(MoO4)

Gallery:

ZnCO3ⓘ Smithsonite

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘSulphur1.CC.05S8
ⓘSelenium1.CC.10Se
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘBoulangerite ?2.HC.15Pb5Sb4S11
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘFluorite3.AB.25CaF2
ⓘCreedite3.CG.15Ca3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘPyrolusite4.DB.05Mn4+O2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘHydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
ⓘAurichalcite5.BA.15(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘPlumbojarosite7.BC.10Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘLinarite7.BC.65PbCu(SO4)(OH)2
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘWulfenite7.GA.05Pb(MoO4)
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘGrossular9.AD.25Ca3Al2(SiO4)3
ⓘBraunite9.AG.05Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8
ⓘHemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘDiopside9.DA.15CaMgSi2O6
ⓘWollastonite9.DG.05Ca3(Si3O9)
ⓘMuscovite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘvar. Sericite9.EC.15KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
ⓘMontmorillonite9.EC.40(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
ⓘChrysocolla9.ED.20Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
ⓘOrthoclase9.FA.30K(AlSi3O8)
Unclassified
ⓘ'Apatite'-Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Hⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Hⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Hⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
CCarbon
Cⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Oⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Oⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Oⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Oⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Oⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
Oⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Oⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Oⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
FFluorine
Fⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Fⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Fⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
NaSodium
Naⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Mgⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
AlAluminium
Alⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Alⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Alⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Alⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Alⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Alⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Alⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
SiSilicon
Siⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Siⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Siⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Siⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Siⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Siⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Siⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Siⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Siⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
SSulfur
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Sⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Sⓘ SulphurS8
ClChlorine
Clⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
KPotassium
Kⓘ MuscoviteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
Kⓘ OrthoclaseK(AlSi3O8)
Kⓘ Muscovite var. SericiteKAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2
CaCalcium
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ CreediteCa3SO4Al2F8(OH)2 · 2H2O
Caⓘ DiopsideCaMgSi2O6
Caⓘ FluoriteCaF2
Caⓘ GrossularCa3Al2(SiO4)3
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Montmorillonite(Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O
Caⓘ WollastoniteCa3(Si3O9)
Caⓘ ApatiteCa5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)
MnManganese
Mnⓘ BrauniteMn2+Mn63+(SiO4)O8
Mnⓘ PyrolusiteMn4+O2
FeIron
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
CuCopper
Cuⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChrysocollaCu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Aurichalcite(Zn,Cu)5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
SeSelenium
Seⓘ SeleniumSe
MoMolybdenum
Moⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)
AgSilver
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
PbLead
Pbⓘ BoulangeritePb5Sb4S11
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ LinaritePbCu(SO4)(OH)2
Pbⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Pbⓘ WulfenitePb(MoO4)

Other Databases

Link to USGS MRDS:10211828

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

North America PlateTectonic Plate
USA

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

(n.d.) Minerals Availability System (MAS), U.S. Bureau of Mines.file ID #0060270305
Knopf, Adolf (1914a), The Darwin silver-lead mining district, California: USGS Bulletin 580: 1-18; […(abstract): Geol. Zentralbl., Band 21: 597]: 7, 12, 17.
Kelley, Vincent C. (1938) Geology and Ore Deposits of the Darwin Silver-Lead Mining District, Inyo County, California. California Journal of Mines and Geology, 34 (4) 503-562p.543
Murdoch, Joseph, Webb, Robert W. (1942) Notes on some minerals from southern California. III. American Mineralogist, 27 (4) 323-330
Rocks & Minerals (1948): 23: 833.
Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.
Hall, Wayne Everett & Edward M. Mackevett (1963), Geology and ore deposits of the Darwin quadrangle, Inyo County, California: USGS Professional Paper 368: 62, 63, 64.
Murdoch, Joseph & Robert W. Webb (1966), Minerals of California, Centennial Volume (1866-1966): California Division Mines & Geology Bulletin 189: 89, 96, 112, 217, 223, 244, 342, 355.
Mueller, W.H.T. (1974) The mineralogy, geology and paragenesis of the 1208 oxide stope, Defiance workings, Darwin mine, Darwin, California. Unpublished Master’s thesis, University of California, Riverside: vi, 46, 47.
Pemberton, H. Earl (1983) Minerals of California. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company Inc.
(2005) Mineral Resources Data System (MRDS), US Geological Survey.
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