Virgen de Surumi mine, Pakajake Canyon, Colquechaca, Colquechaca Municipality, Chayanta Province, Potosí, Boliviai
| Regional Level Types | |
|---|---|
| Virgen de Surumi mine | Mine |
| Pakajake Canyon | Canyon |
| Colquechaca | Town |
| Colquechaca Municipality | Municipality |
| Chayanta Province | Province |
| Potosí | Department |
| Bolivia | Country |
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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
18° 38' 59'' South , 66° 1' 0'' West
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
Type:
Köppen climate type:
Nearest Settlements:
| Place | Population | Distance |
|---|---|---|
| Colquechaca | 1,706 (2012) | 5.7km |
Mindat Locality ID:
328
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:328:6
GUID (UUID V4):
de886eef-956d-45bc-b5a3-9e8c4f8316b9
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Pacajake mine; Pakajake mine
A silver mine, located at an altitude of 3600-3700 m a.s.l.
NOTE: "Pacajake mine" is a common misnomer for this locality. The famous selenium minerals from this locality have often been falsely attributed to the Hiaco mine (2 km west, on the opposite flank of Pakajake canyon) or to the Colquechaca mine (28 km southwest), but neither of those mines yield any Se minerals at all; error due to the original type specimens of Pakajake Se minerals having been purchased at a shop in Colquechaca unaccompanied by good locality labels, and then published in the literature with incorrect conjecture.
Old material examination showed the presence of some Al-Cr and Al-Cr-Fe minerals (cf. Livingstone et al., 1984). These minerals might be new phases.
Select Mineral List Type
Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical ElementsCommodity List
This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.Mineral List
25 valid minerals. 4 (TL) - type locality of valid minerals.
Rock Types Recorded
Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!
Select Rock List Type
Alphabetical List Tree DiagramDetailed Mineral List:
| ⓘ Ahlfeldite (TL) Formula: Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Anglesite Formula: PbSO4 |
| ⓘ Baryte Formula: BaSO4 |
| ⓘ Calcite Formula: CaCO3 |
| ⓘ Cerussite Formula: PbCO3 |
| ⓘ Chalcomenite Formula: CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Chalcopyrite Formula: CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ Clausthalite Formula: PbSe |
| ⓘ Cobaltomenite Formula: CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ Goethite Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ Gold Formula: Au |
| ⓘ Grimaldiite Formula: CrO(OH) Description: The Livingstone reference contained within MINERALOGICAL MAGAZINE, DECEMBER 1984, VOL. 48, PP. 560 2 actually erroneously refers to the "Hiaca" Mine for Grimaldiite and not this mine, based on a purchased specimen with poor locality information. References: |
| ⓘ Hematite Formula: Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ 'Limonite' |
| ⓘ Linarite Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ Mandarinoite (TL) Formula: Fe3+2(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Molybdomenite Formula: PbSeO3 |
| ⓘ Naumannite Formula: Ag2Se |
| ⓘ Olsacherite (TL) Formula: Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Penroseite (TL) Formula: (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 Type Locality: |
| ⓘ Pyrite Formula: FeS2 |
| ⓘ Quartz Formula: SiO2 |
| ⓘ Selenium Formula: Se |
| ⓘ Siderite Formula: FeCO3 |
| ⓘ Tiemannite Formula: HgSe |
| ⓘ Wulfenite Formula: Pb(MoO4) |
Gallery:
List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification
| Group 1 - Elements | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| ⓘ | Gold | 1.AA.05 | Au |
| ⓘ | Selenium | 1.CC.10 | Se |
| Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts | |||
| ⓘ | Naumannite | 2.BA.55 | Ag2Se |
| ⓘ | Tiemannite | 2.CB.05a | HgSe |
| ⓘ | Chalcopyrite | 2.CB.10a | CuFeS2 |
| ⓘ | Clausthalite | 2.CD.10 | PbSe |
| ⓘ | Pyrite | 2.EB.05a | FeS2 |
| ⓘ | Penroseite (TL) | 2.EB.05a | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides | |||
| ⓘ | Goethite | 4.00. | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| ⓘ | Hematite | 4.CB.05 | Fe2O3 |
| ⓘ | Quartz | 4.DA.05 | SiO2 |
| ⓘ | Grimaldiite | 4.FE.20 | CrO(OH) |
| ⓘ | Molybdomenite | 4.JF.05 | PbSeO3 |
| ⓘ | Chalcomenite | 4.JH.05 | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Ahlfeldite (TL) | 4.JH.10 | Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Cobaltomenite | 4.JH.10 | CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| ⓘ | Mandarinoite (TL) | 4.JH.15 | Fe3+2(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) |
| Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates | |||
| ⓘ | Calcite | 5.AB.05 | CaCO3 |
| ⓘ | Siderite | 5.AB.05 | FeCO3 |
| ⓘ | Cerussite | 5.AB.15 | PbCO3 |
| Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates | |||
| ⓘ | Anglesite | 7.AD.35 | PbSO4 |
| ⓘ | Olsacherite (TL) | 7.AD.35 | Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) |
| ⓘ | Baryte | 7.AD.35 | BaSO4 |
| ⓘ | Linarite | 7.BC.65 | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| ⓘ | Wulfenite | 7.GA.05 | Pb(MoO4) |
| Unclassified | |||
| ⓘ | 'Limonite' | - | |
List of minerals for each chemical element
| H | Hydrogen | |
|---|---|---|
| H | ⓘ Ahlfeldite | Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Chalcomenite | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Cobaltomenite | CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| H | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Grimaldiite | CrO(OH) |
| H | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| H | ⓘ Mandarinoite | Fe23+(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) |
| C | Carbon | |
| C | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| C | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | Oxygen | |
| O | ⓘ Ahlfeldite | Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| O | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Chalcomenite | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Cobaltomenite | CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| O | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Grimaldiite | CrO(OH) |
| O | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| O | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| O | ⓘ Mandarinoite | Fe23+(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) |
| O | ⓘ Molybdomenite | PbSeO3 |
| O | ⓘ Olsacherite | Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) |
| O | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| O | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| O | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Si | Silicon | |
| Si | ⓘ Quartz | SiO2 |
| S | Sulfur | |
| S | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| S | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| S | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| S | ⓘ Olsacherite | Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) |
| S | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Ca | Calcium | |
| Ca | ⓘ Calcite | CaCO3 |
| Cr | Chromium | |
| Cr | ⓘ Grimaldiite | CrO(OH) |
| Fe | Iron | |
| Fe | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Goethite | α-Fe3+O(OH) |
| Fe | ⓘ Hematite | Fe2O3 |
| Fe | ⓘ Mandarinoite | Fe23+(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) |
| Fe | ⓘ Pyrite | FeS2 |
| Fe | ⓘ Siderite | FeCO3 |
| Co | Cobalt | |
| Co | ⓘ Cobaltomenite | CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| Co | ⓘ Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| Ni | Nickel | |
| Ni | ⓘ Ahlfeldite | Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O |
| Ni | ⓘ Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| Cu | Copper | |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcomenite | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| Cu | ⓘ Chalcopyrite | CuFeS2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Cu | ⓘ Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| Se | Selenium | |
| Se | ⓘ Ahlfeldite | Ni(SeO3) · 2H2O |
| Se | ⓘ Chalcomenite | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| Se | ⓘ Clausthalite | PbSe |
| Se | ⓘ Cobaltomenite | CoSeO3 · 2H2O |
| Se | ⓘ Mandarinoite | Fe23+(Se4+O3)3 · (6-x)H2O (x = 0.0-1.0) |
| Se | ⓘ Molybdomenite | PbSeO3 |
| Se | ⓘ Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| Se | ⓘ Olsacherite | Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) |
| Se | ⓘ Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| Se | ⓘ Selenium | Se |
| Se | ⓘ Tiemannite | HgSe |
| Mo | Molybdenum | |
| Mo | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
| Ag | Silver | |
| Ag | ⓘ Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| Ba | Barium | |
| Ba | ⓘ Baryte | BaSO4 |
| Au | Gold | |
| Au | ⓘ Gold | Au |
| Hg | Mercury | |
| Hg | ⓘ Tiemannite | HgSe |
| Pb | Lead | |
| Pb | ⓘ Anglesite | PbSO4 |
| Pb | ⓘ Cerussite | PbCO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Clausthalite | PbSe |
| Pb | ⓘ Linarite | PbCu(SO4)(OH)2 |
| Pb | ⓘ Molybdomenite | PbSeO3 |
| Pb | ⓘ Olsacherite | Pb2(Se6+O4)(SO4) |
| Pb | ⓘ Wulfenite | Pb(MoO4) |
Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality
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References
Hurlbut, C. S. Jr., Aristarain, L. F . (1969) Olsascherite, Pb2(SO4)(SeO4), anew mineral from Bolivia. American Mineralogist, 54 (11-12) 1519-1527
Dunn, P. J., Peacor, D. R., Sturman, B. D. (1978) Mandarinoite, a new ferric-iron selenite from Bolivia. The Canadian Mineralogist, 16 (4) 605-609
Hawthorne, Frank C. (1984) The crystal structure of mandarinoite, Fe3+2Se3O9 · 6H2O. The Canadian Mineralogist, 22 (3) 475-480
Virgen de Surumi mine, Pakajake Canyon, Colquechaca, Colquechaca Municipality, Chayanta Province, Potosí, Bolivia