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Marsiliana slag locality, Valpiana - Castello della Marsiliana area slag sites, Massa Marittima, Grosseto Province, Tuscany, Italyi
Regional Level Types
Marsiliana slag localitySlag Locality
Valpiana - Castello della Marsiliana area slag sitesGroup of Slag Localities
Massa MarittimaCommune
Grosseto ProvinceProvince
TuscanyRegion
Italy- not defined -

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
43° 1' 45'' North , 10° 49' 24'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
43.02922,10.82339
GeoHash:
G#: spxsy31r7
GRN:
N29E06
Type:
Slag Locality
Köppen climate type:
Csa : Hot-summer Mediterranean climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Valpiana499 (2014)3.5km
Massa Marittima5,707 (2014)6.0km
Ghirlanda213 (2014)7.1km
Scarlino Scalo1,582 (2014)10.0km
Niccioleta248 (2014)10.9km
Mindat Locality ID:
233046
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:233046:7
GUID (UUID V4):
ab25d7f4-f290-4324-8384-9e9890150723
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Castello della Marsiliana slag locality
Other Languages:
Italian:
Località di scorie di Marsiliana (Località di scorie del Castello della Marsiliana, Siti di scorie dell'area Valpiana - Castello della Marsiliana (Siti di scorie della Media Valle Pecora), Massa Marittima, Provincia di Grosseto, Toscana, Italia


The Marsiliana smelting site is located 6 km west of Massa Marittima, near the Pecora River.

According to "Ordinamenta super artem fossarum rameriae et argenteriae civitatis Massae", as well as to archaeological dating, this smelting site was active for two centuries (13th and 14th). Remains of a hydraulic system near the slag heaps at Marsiliana suggest that in the Middle Ages, hydraulic power was used to ventilate furnaces and/or crush mineral charges. According to the traditional interpretation of "Ordinamenta super artem ...", the Marsiliana site was specialised in copper smelting.

Three slag heaps are known in the woods near the road: the two larger heaps are practically undisturbed, whereas the third one has been partially removed in modern times (slags were reused as road ballast).

The Marsiliana slag heaps consist of stratified, cake-sized fragments intermixed with rare remains of the furnace walls. The largest fragments have an irregular, flat, triangular shape, with a maximum size of 40×30×10 cm. Slags are often glassy in aspect; their colour ranges from dark grey to brownish-red, and flow textures are evident on the upper surface. Pyroxenes are the most abundant pyrometallurgic phases. Most of the Marsiliana slags prevalently consist of pyroxenes intermixed with sulphides in the glassy matrix. Pyroxenes often form elongated chains with acicular habit. Textures change from complete to progressively less complete crystals, until pyroxene can no longer be distinguished from the glassy matrix. Sulphides occur as abundant sphalerite and galena plus small chalcopyrite grains, intermixed with FeS and metallic lead. Olivines are rare at Marsiliana; the commonest habit of Marsiliana olivines ranges from polyhedral-granular to acicular (supercooling, ∆T lower than 60 °C). Olivine feathers may be present in the glassy matrix (∆T greater than 100 °C). The common occurrence of weathered copper phases is testified by frequent green coatings (Manasse & Mellini, 2002).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Mineral List


45 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Acanthite
Formula: Ag2S
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
ⓘ Antimony
Formula: Sb
ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Arsenic
Formula: As
ⓘ Atacamite
Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘ Beudantite
Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘ Brochantite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘ Caledonite
Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
ⓘ Chalcocite
Formula: Cu2S
ⓘ Chalcophyllite
Formula: Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Chenite
Formula: Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Connellite
Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
ⓘ Copper
Formula: Cu
ⓘ Covellite
Formula: CuS
ⓘ Cuprite
Formula: Cu2O
ⓘ Digenite
Formula: Cu9S5
ⓘ Elyite
Formula: Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
ⓘ Fayalite
Formula: Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘ Ferrihydrite
Formula: Fe3+10O14(OH)2
References:
ko jansen
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ 'Glass'
ⓘ Goethite
Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘ Hedenbergite
Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6
ⓘ Jarosite
Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ Kirschsteinite
Formula: CaFe2+SiO4
ⓘ Lanarkite
Formula: Pb2(SO4)O
ⓘ Langite
Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘ Lead
Formula: Pb
ⓘ 'Limonite'
ⓘ Litharge
Formula: PbO
ⓘ Magnetite
Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘ Melanterite
Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
ⓘ Nantokite
Formula: CuCl
ⓘ Plumbojarosite
Formula: Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'
Formula: ADSi2O6
ⓘ Pyrrhotite
Formula: Fe1-xS
ⓘ Serpierite
Formula: Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
References:
ko jansen
ⓘ Siderite
Formula: FeCO3
ⓘ Silver
Formula: Ag
References:
ko jansen
ⓘ Spangolite
Formula: Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
ⓘ Spinel
Formula: MgAl2O4
ⓘ Wüstite
Formula: FeO

Gallery:

PbSO4ⓘ Anglesite
Cu2(OH)3Clⓘ Atacamite
Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2ⓘ Azurite
Cu4(SO4)(OH)6ⓘ Brochantite
Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2Oⓘ Connellite
Cuⓘ Copper
Cu2Oⓘ Cuprite
CaSO4 · 2H2Oⓘ Gypsum
Cu2(CO3)(OH)2ⓘ Malachite
CuClⓘ Nantokite
Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2Oⓘ Spangolite

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 1 - Elements
ⓘCopper1.AA.05Cu
ⓘLead1.AA.05Pb
ⓘSilver1.AA.05Ag
ⓘAntimony1.CA.05Sb
ⓘArsenic1.CA.05As
Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘChalcocite2.BA.05Cu2S
ⓘDigenite2.BA.10Cu9S5
ⓘAcanthite2.BA.35Ag2S
ⓘCovellite2.CA.05aCuS
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘPyrrhotite2.CC.10Fe1-xS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘNantokite3.AA.05CuCl
ⓘAtacamite3.DA.10aCu2(OH)3Cl
ⓘConnellite3.DA.25Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘGoethite4.00.α-Fe3+O(OH)
ⓘCuprite4.AA.10Cu2O
ⓘWüstite4.AB.25FeO
ⓘLitharge4.AC.20PbO
ⓘSpinel4.BB.05MgAl2O4
ⓘMagnetite4.BB.05Fe2+Fe3+2O4
ⓘFerrihydrite4.FE.35Fe3+10O14(OH)2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘSiderite5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘBrochantite7.BB.25Cu4(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘJarosite7.BC.10KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘPlumbojarosite7.BC.10Pb0.5Fe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘCaledonite7.BC.50Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
ⓘChenite7.BC.70Pb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
ⓘLanarkite7.BD.40Pb2(SO4)O
ⓘMelanterite7.CB.35Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
ⓘLangite7.DD.10Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
ⓘSpangolite7.DD.15Cu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
ⓘSerpierite7.DD.30Ca(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
ⓘElyite7.DF.65Pb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘBeudantite8.BL.05PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
ⓘChalcophyllite8.DF.30Cu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘKirschsteinite9.AC.05CaFe2+SiO4
ⓘFayalite9.AC.05Fe2+2SiO4
ⓘHedenbergite9.DA.15CaFe2+Si2O6
Unclassified
ⓘ'Limonite'-
ⓘ'Pyroxene Group'-ADSi2O6
ⓘ'Glass'-

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Hⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Hⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Hⓘ ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Hⓘ ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Hⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Hⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Hⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Hⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Hⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
Hⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
CCarbon
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Oⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Oⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Oⓘ ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Oⓘ CupriteCu2O
Oⓘ ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Oⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Oⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Oⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Oⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+SiO4
Oⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Oⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Oⓘ LithargePbO
Oⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Oⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Oⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Oⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
Oⓘ WüstiteFeO
Oⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
AlAluminium
Alⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Alⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Alⓘ SpinelMgAl2O4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Siⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Siⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+SiO4
Siⓘ Pyroxene GroupADSi2O6
SSulfur
Sⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Sⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Sⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Sⓘ ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Sⓘ CovelliteCuS
Sⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Sⓘ ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Sⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Sⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Sⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Sⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Sⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
Sⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Clⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Clⓘ NantokiteCuCl
Clⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
KPotassium
Kⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
CaCalcium
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Caⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+SiO4
Caⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
FeIron
Feⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ FayaliteFe22+SiO4
Feⓘ FerrihydriteFe103+O14(OH)2
Feⓘ Goethiteα-Fe3+O(OH)
Feⓘ HedenbergiteCaFe2+Si2O6
Feⓘ JarositeKFe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ KirschsteiniteCaFe2+SiO4
Feⓘ MagnetiteFe2+Fe23+O4
Feⓘ MelanteriteFe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O
Feⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6
Feⓘ PyrrhotiteFe1-xS
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ WüstiteFeO
CuCopper
Cuⓘ AtacamiteCu2(OH)3Cl
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ BrochantiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6
Cuⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ ChalcociteCu2S
Cuⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
Cuⓘ ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Cuⓘ ConnelliteCu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ CovelliteCuS
Cuⓘ CupriteCu2O
Cuⓘ CopperCu
Cuⓘ DigeniteCu9S5
Cuⓘ ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Cuⓘ LangiteCu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cuⓘ NantokiteCuCl
Cuⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
Cuⓘ SpangoliteCu6Al(SO4)(OH)12Cl · 3H2O
ZnZinc
Znⓘ SerpieriteCa(Cu,Zn)4(SO4)2(OH)6 · 3H2O
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
AsArsenic
Asⓘ ArsenicAs
Asⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Asⓘ ChalcophylliteCu18Al2(AsO4)4(SO4)3(OH)24 · 36H2O
AgSilver
Agⓘ AcanthiteAg2S
Agⓘ SilverAg
SbAntimony
Sbⓘ AntimonySb
PbLead
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ BeudantitePbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6
Pbⓘ CaledonitePb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6
Pbⓘ ChenitePb4Cu(SO4)2(OH)6
Pbⓘ ElyitePb4Cu(SO4)O2(OH)4 · H2O
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ LanarkitePb2(SO4)O
Pbⓘ LeadPb
Pbⓘ LithargePbO
Pbⓘ PlumbojarositePb0.5Fe33+(SO4)2(OH)6

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Bonaini, F. (ed.) (1850) Ordinamenta super artem fossarum rameriae et argenteriae civitatis Massae [A.D. 1294-1328] - Statuto delle miniere d'argento e di rame della Città di Massa. Archivio Storico Italiano: tomo VIII, Appendice 27: 631-699.
Panella, A., Casella, C., Rodolico, N. (eds.) (1938) Ordinamenta super artem fossarum rameriae et argenteriae civitatis Massae [A.D. 1294-1328]. Le Monnier, Firenze, 100 pages; anastatic reprint, 1983, Amministrazione Provinciale, Grosseto.
Baldinacci, S, Fabretti, G. (1989) L'arte della coltivazione del rame e dell’argento a Massa Marittima nel XIII secolo. Cantini Ed., Firenze, 183 pages.
Jansen, H., van den Berg, W. (1998) Slakkenmineralen in Toscane (Italië). Gea: 4: 109-117 (in Dutch).
Manasse, A., Mellini, M. (2002) Chemical and textural characterisation of medieval slags from the Massa Marittima smelting sites (Tuscany, Italy). Journal of Cultural Heritage: 3: 187-198.
Costagliola, P., Benvenuti, M., Chiarantini,L., Bianchi, S., Di Benedetto, F., Paolieri, M., and Rossato, L. (2008) Impact of ancient metal smelting on arsenic pollution in the Pecora River Valley, Southern Tuscany, Italy. Applied Geochemistry, 23: 1241–1259.
www.mineralienatlas.de (n.d.) http://www.mineralienatlas.de/lexikon/index.php/Italien/Toskana%20%28Toscana%29/Grosseto%2C%20Provinz/Massa%20Marittima/Valpiana%20-%20Castello%20della%20Marsiliana
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