Issa Filho, A. B. R. M. D., Dos Santos, A. B. R. M. D., Riffel, B. F., Lapido-Loureiro, F. E. V., & McReath, I. (1991). Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 40(1-3), 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W

Alberti, A., Castorina, F., Censi, P., Comin-Chiaramonti, P., & Gomes, C. B. (1999). Geochemical characteristics of Cretaceous carbonatites from Angola. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 29(4), 735-759. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(99)00127-X

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

ⓘ 'Ancylite'

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)

Formula: CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Andradite

Formula: Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Annite

Formula: KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Arfvedsonite

Formula: [Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO₄

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(CO₃)F

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Britholite-(La)'

Formula: Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Burbankite

Formula: (Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Carbocernaite

Formula: (Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Formula: (Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi₂O₆

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO₃)₂

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ Eudialyte

Formula: Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Feldspathoid'

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Ferro-richterite

Formula: {Na}{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore

Formula: (Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: α-Fe³⁺O(OH)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Haüyne

Formula: Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe₂O₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe²⁺TiO₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Kaersutite

Formula: NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Limonite'

References:

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ Loparite-(Ce)

Formula: (Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi₃O₈)

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Nepheline

Formula: Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi₂O₆

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe_1-xS

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Richterite

Formula: Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Rosenbuschite

Formula: Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile

Formula: (Ti,Nb)O₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Schorlomite

Formula: Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Strontianite

Formula: SrCO₃

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)

Formula: CaCe(CO₃)₂F

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite

Formula: KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO₄)O

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Ulvöspinel

Formula: TiFe²⁺₂O₄

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Wöhlerite

Formula: Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

ⓘ Wollastonite

Formula: Ca₃(Si₃O₉)

References:

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO₄)

References:

Gonçalves, A.O.

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. 1973. Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola, 11.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals 10, 5.

Gallery:

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘ	Pentlandite	2.BB.15	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
ⓘ	Sphalerite	2.CB.05a	ZnS
ⓘ	Pyrrhotite	2.CC.10	Fe_1-xS
ⓘ	Galena	2.CD.10	PbS
ⓘ	Pyrite	2.EB.05a	FeS₂
Group 3 - Halides
ⓘ	Fluorite	3.AB.25	CaF₂
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘ	'Pyrochlore Group'	4.00.	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
ⓘ	Goethite	4.00.	α-Fe³⁺O(OH)
ⓘ	Ulvöspinel	4.BB.05	TiFe²⁺₂O₄
ⓘ	Ilmenite	4.CB.05	Fe²⁺TiO₃
ⓘ	Hematite	4.CB.05	Fe₂O₃
ⓘ	Perovskite	4.CC.30	CaTiO₃
ⓘ	Loparite-(Ce)	4.CC.35	(Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆
ⓘ	Quartz	4.DA.05	SiO₂
ⓘ	Rutile	4.DB.05	TiO₂
ⓘ	var. Ilmenorutile	4.DB.05	(Ti,Nb)O₂
ⓘ	Fluornatropyrochlore	4.DH.	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘ	Calcite	5.AB.05	CaCO₃
ⓘ	Ankerite	5.AB.10	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Dolomite	5.AB.10	CaMg(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Strontianite	5.AB.15	SrCO₃
ⓘ	Carbocernaite	5.AB.50	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
ⓘ	Burbankite	5.AC.30	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
ⓘ	Bastnäsite-(Ce)	5.BD.20a	Ce(CO₃)F
ⓘ	Synchysite-(Ce)	5.BD.20c	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
ⓘ	Daqingshanite-(Ce)	5.BF.15	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
ⓘ	Ancylite-(Ce)	5.DC.05	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
ⓘ	Calcioancylite-(Ce)	5.DC.05	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘ	Baryte	7.AD.35	BaSO₄
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘ	Rhabdophane-(Ce)	8.CJ.45	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘ	Andradite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	Schorlomite	9.AD.25	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
ⓘ	Zircon	9.AD.30	Zr(SiO₄)
ⓘ	Titanite	9.AG.15	CaTi(SiO₄)O
ⓘ	Britholite-(Ce)	9.AH.25	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
ⓘ	'Britholite-(La)'	9.AH.25	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
ⓘ	Wöhlerite	9.BE.17	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
ⓘ	Mosandrite-(Ce)	9.BE.20	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
ⓘ	Rosenbuschite	9.BE.22	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
ⓘ	Eudialyte	9.CO.10	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
ⓘ	Augite	9.DA.15	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Diopside	9.DA.15	CaMgSi₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine-augite	9.DA.20	(Na_aCa_bFe²⁺_cMg_d)(Fe³⁺_eAl_fFe²⁺_gMg_h)Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Aegirine	9.DA.25	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
ⓘ	Kaersutite	9.DE.15	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
ⓘ	Ferro-richterite	9.DE.20	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe²⁺₅}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Richterite	9.DE.20	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Arfvedsonite	9.DE.25	[Na][Na₂][Fe²⁺₄Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
ⓘ	Wollastonite	9.DG.05	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
ⓘ	Phlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Tetraferriphlogopite	9.EC.20	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
ⓘ	Annite	9.EC.20	KFe²⁺₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
ⓘ	Nepheline	9.FA.05	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
ⓘ	Microcline	9.FA.30	K(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Albite	9.FA.35	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
ⓘ	Cancrinite	9.FB.05	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
ⓘ	Sodalite	9.FB.10	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
ⓘ	Haüyne	9.FB.10	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
ⓘ	Analcime	9.GB.05	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Unclassified
ⓘ	'Pyroxene Group'	-	ADSi₂O₆
ⓘ	'Alkali Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Apatite'	-	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
ⓘ	'Garnet Group'	-	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
ⓘ	'Mica Group'	-
ⓘ	'K Feldspar'	-
ⓘ	'Ancylite'	-
ⓘ	'Amphibole Supergroup'	-	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
ⓘ	'Limonite'	-
ⓘ	'Biotite'	-	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
ⓘ	'Feldspathoid'	-

List of minerals for each chemical element

H	Hydrogen
H	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
H	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
H	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
H	ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
H	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
H	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
H	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
H	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
H	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Goethite	α-Fe³⁺O(OH)
H	ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
H	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
H	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
H	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
H	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
H	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
H	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
C	Carbon
C	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
C	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
C	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
C	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
C	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
C	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
C	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
C	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
C	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
C	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
O	Oxygen
O	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
O	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
O	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
O	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
O	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
O	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
O	ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
O	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
O	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
O	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
O	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
O	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
O	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
O	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
O	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Goethite	α-Fe³⁺O(OH)
O	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
O	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
O	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
O	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
O	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
O	ⓘ Loparite-(Ce)	(Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆
O	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
O	ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
O	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
O	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
O	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
O	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
O	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
O	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
O	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
O	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
O	ⓘ Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
O	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
O	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
O	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
O	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
O	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
O	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
O	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
O	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
O	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
O	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
O	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
O	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
O	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
O	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
F	Fluorine
F	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
F	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
F	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
F	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
F	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
F	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
F	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
F	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
F	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
F	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
F	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
F	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
Na	Sodium
Na	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Na	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Na	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Na	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Na	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Na	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
Na	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Na	ⓘ Loparite-(Ce)	(Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆
Na	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Na	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Na	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
Na	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Na	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
Na	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
Mg	Magnesium
Mg	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Mg	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Mg	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Mg	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Mg	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Mg	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
Al	Aluminium
Al	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Al	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Al	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Al	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Al	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Al	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
Al	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Al	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Al	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Al	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Al	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	Silicon
Si	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Albite	Na(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Si	ⓘ Analcime	Na(AlSi₂O₆) · H₂O
Si	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Si	ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
Si	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Si	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
Si	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Si	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
Si	ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
Si	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
Si	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Quartz	SiO₂
Si	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Si	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
Si	ⓘ Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
Si	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Si	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
Si	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Si	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
Si	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Si	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Si	ⓘ Pyroxene Group	ADSi₂O₆
Si	ⓘ Garnet Group	X₃Z₂(SiO₄)₃
Si	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
P	Phosphorus
P	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
P	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
P	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
P	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
S	Sulfur
S	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
S	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
S	ⓘ Galena	PbS
S	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
S	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
S	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
S	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
S	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Cl	Chlorine
Cl	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Cl	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Cl	ⓘ Sodalite	Na₄(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂Cl
Cl	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
K	Potassium
K	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
K	ⓘ Microcline	K(AlSi₃O₈)
K	ⓘ Nepheline	Na₃K(Al₄Si₄O₁₆)
K	ⓘ Phlogopite	KMg₃(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
K	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
Ca	Calcium
Ca	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Ca	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
Ca	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ca	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
Ca	ⓘ Calcite	CaCO₃
Ca	ⓘ Cancrinite	(Na,Ca,◻)₈(Al₆Si₆O₂₄)(CO₃,SO₄)₂ · 2H₂O
Ca	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Ca	ⓘ Diopside	CaMgSi₂O₆
Ca	ⓘ Dolomite	CaMg(CO₃)₂
Ca	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Fluorite	CaF₂
Ca	ⓘ Haüyne	Na₃Ca(Si₃Al₃)O₁₂(SO₄)
Ca	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ca	ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
Ca	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ca	ⓘ Richterite	Na(NaCa)Mg₅(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Ca	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
Ca	ⓘ Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
Ca	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
Ca	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ca	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
Ca	ⓘ Wollastonite	Ca₃(Si₃O₉)
Ca	ⓘ Apatite	Ca₅(PO₄)₃(Cl/F/OH)
Ca	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
Ca	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
Ti	Titanium
Ti	ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup	AB₂C₅((Si,Al,Ti)₈O₂₂)(OH,F,Cl,O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Ti	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Ti	ⓘ Kaersutite	NaCa₂(Mg₃AlTi⁴⁺)(Si₆Al₂)O₂₂O₂
Ti	ⓘ Loparite-(Ce)	(Na,REE)₂Ti₂O₆
Ti	ⓘ Mosandrite-(Ce)	(Ca₃REE)[(H₂O)₂Ca_0.5◻_0.5]Ti(Si₂O₇)₂(OH)₂(H₂O)₂
Ti	ⓘ Perovskite	CaTiO₃
Ti	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
Ti	ⓘ Rutile	TiO₂
Ti	ⓘ Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
Ti	ⓘ Titanite	CaTi(SiO₄)O
Ti	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
Fe	Iron
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine	NaFe³⁺Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Aegirine-augite	(Na_aCa_bFe_c²⁺Mg_d)(Fe_e³⁺Al_fFe_g²⁺Mg_h)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Andradite	Ca₃Fe₂³⁺(SiO₄)₃
Fe	ⓘ Ankerite	Ca(Fe²⁺,Mg)(CO₃)₂
Fe	ⓘ Annite	KFe₃²⁺(AlSi₃O₁₀)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Arfvedsonite	[Na][Na₂][Fe₄²⁺Fe³⁺]Si₈O₂₂(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Augite	(Ca_xMg_yFe_z)(Mg_y1Fe_z1)Si₂O₆
Fe	ⓘ Biotite	K(Fe²⁺/Mg)₂(Al/Fe³⁺/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]₂Si₂O₁₀)(OH/F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ferro-richterite	{Na}{CaNa}{Fe₅²⁺}(Si₈O₂₂)(OH)₂
Fe	ⓘ Goethite	α-Fe³⁺O(OH)
Fe	ⓘ Hematite	Fe₂O₃
Fe	ⓘ Ilmenite	Fe²⁺TiO₃
Fe	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Fe	ⓘ Pyrite	FeS₂
Fe	ⓘ Pyrrhotite	Fe_1-xS
Fe	ⓘ Schorlomite	Ca₃Ti₂(SiO₄)(Fe³⁺O₄)₂
Fe	ⓘ Tetraferriphlogopite	KMg₃(Fe³⁺Si₃O₁₀)(OH,F)₂
Fe	ⓘ Ulvöspinel	TiFe₂²⁺O₄
Ni	Nickel
Ni	ⓘ Pentlandite	(Ni_xFe_y)_Σ9S₈
Zn	Zinc
Zn	ⓘ Sphalerite	ZnS
Sr	Strontium
Sr	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Sr	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Sr	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
Sr	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Sr	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Sr	ⓘ Strontianite	SrCO₃
Zr	Zirconium
Zr	ⓘ Eudialyte	Na₁₅Ca₆Fe₃Zr₃Si(Si₂₅O₇₃)(O,OH,H₂O)₃(Cl,OH)₂
Zr	ⓘ Rosenbuschite	Na₆Ca₆Zr₃Ti(Si₂O₇)₄O₂F₆
Zr	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
Zr	ⓘ Zircon	Zr(SiO₄)
Nb	Niobium
Nb	ⓘ Rutile var. Ilmenorutile	(Ti,Nb)O₂
Nb	ⓘ Pyrochlore Group	A₂Nb₂(O,OH)₆Z
Nb	ⓘ Wöhlerite	Na₂Ca₄ZrNb(Si₂O₇)₂O₃F
Nb	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
Ba	Barium
Ba	ⓘ Baryte	BaSO₄
Ba	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ba	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Ba	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
La	Lanthanum
La	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
La	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
Ce	Cerium
Ce	ⓘ Ancylite-(Ce)	CeSr(CO₃)₂(OH) · H₂O
Ce	ⓘ Bastnäsite-(Ce)	Ce(CO₃)F
Ce	ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca)₅(SiO₄)₃OH
Ce	ⓘ Burbankite	(Na,Ca)₃(Sr,Ba,Ce)₃(CO₃)₅
Ce	ⓘ Calcioancylite-(Ce)	(Ce,Ca,Sr)CO₃(OH,H₂O)
Ce	ⓘ Carbocernaite	(Ca,Na)(Sr,Ce,Ba)(CO₃)₂
Ce	ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)	(Sr,Ca,Ba)₃(Ce,La)(CO₃)_3-x(PO₄)(OH,F)_2x
Ce	ⓘ Rhabdophane-(Ce)	Ce(PO₄) · 0.6H₂O
Ce	ⓘ Synchysite-(Ce)	CaCe(CO₃)₂F
Ce	ⓘ Britholite-(La)	Ca₂(La,Ce,Ca)₃(SiO₄,PO₄)₃(OH,F)
Pb	Lead
Pb	ⓘ Galena	PbS
Pb	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F
U	Uranium
U	ⓘ Fluornatropyrochlore	(Na,Pb,Ca,REE,U)₂Nb₂O₆F

Geochronology

Mineralization age: Early/Lower Cretaceous : 130 Ma to 109 Ma

Important note: This table is based only on rock and mineral ages recorded on mindat.org for this locality and is not necessarily a complete representation of the geochronology, but does give an indication of possible mineralization events relevant to this locality. As more age information is added this table may expand in the future. A break in the table simply indicates a lack of data entered here, not necessarily a break in the geologic sequence. Grey background entries are from different, related, localities.

Geologic Time

Rocks, Minerals and Events

Phanerozoic

Mesozoic

Cretaceous

Early/Lower Cretaceous

ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup (youngest age)	109 Ma
ⓘ Amphibole Supergroup (oldest age)	130 Ma

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

African PlateTectonic Plate

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Lapido-Loureiro, F.E. (1973) Carbonatitos de Angola. Memorias e Trabalhos do Instituto de Investigacoes Cientifica de Angola: 11.

Issa Filho, A.B.R.M.D., Dos Santos, A.B.R.M.D., Riffel, B.F., Lapido-Loureiro, F.E.V., McReath, I. (1991) Aspects of the geology, petrology and chemistry of some Angolan carbonatites. Journal of Geochemical Exploration: 40(1-3): 205-226. doi.org/10.1016/0375-6742(91)90039-W

Alberti, A., Castorina, F., Censi, P., Comin-Chiaramonti, P., Gomes, C.B. (1999) Geochemical characteristics of Cretaceous carbonatites from Angola. Journal of African Earth Sciences: 29(4): 735-759. doi.org/10.1016/S0899-5362(99)00127-X

Woolley, A.R. (2001) Alkaline rocks and carbonatites of the world. Part 3: Africa. Geological Society. Natural History Museum, London: 17.

Orris, Greta J., Grauch, Richard I. (2002) Rare Earth Element Mines, Deposits, and Occurrences. Open-File Report 2002-189. US Geological Survey doi:10.3133/ofr02189

Amores-Casals, S., Gonçalves, A.O.,Melgarejo, J.-C., Molist, J.M. (2020) Nb and REE Distribution in the Monte Verde Carbonatite–Alkaline–Agpaitic Complex (Angola). Minerals: 10: 5.

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Monte Verde, Londuimbali, Huambo Province, AngolaiRegional Level TypesMonte VerdeMountain LonduimbaliMunicipality Huambo ProvinceProvince AngolaCountry function showexplain() { $("#locexplain").toggle(); if (typeof movemap === "function") movemap(); }

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Detailed Mineral List:

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List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

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Geochronology

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

References

Monte Verde, Londuimbali, Huambo Province, Angola i
Regional Level Types
Monte Verde Mountain
Londuimbali Municipality
Huambo Province Province
Angola Country