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Bleyberg mine, Plombières, Liège, Wallonia, Belgiumi
Regional Level Types
Bleyberg mineMine
PlombièresMunicipality
LiègeProvince
WalloniaRegion
BelgiumCountry

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Latitude & Longitude (WGS84):
50° 44' 2'' North , 5° 58' 10'' East
Latitude & Longitude (decimal):
50.73393,5.96965
GeoHash:
G#: u1h0xgffw
GRN:
N34E03
Type:
Mine
Köppen climate type:
Cfb : Temperate oceanic climate
Nearest Settlements:
PlacePopulationDistance
Plombières9,596 (2011)0.8km
La Calamine10,232 (2011)3.4km
Wolfhaag125 (2017)3.5km
Raren175 (2017)3.9km
Holset145 (2017)4.8km
Nearest Clubs:
Local clubs are the best way to get access to collecting localities
ClubLocationDistance
Vieille Montagne HeritageKelmis / La Calamine, Belgium4km
Mindat Locality ID:
12420
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:2:12420:6
GUID (UUID V4):
28959370-8bae-44a0-9805-03550c662685
Other/historical names associated with this locality:
Bleiberg Mine


Ancient lead-zinc mine working a vein hosted by Lower Carboniferous limestone and coal measure shales. The deposit was first mentioned in the 15th century and some mining occurred in the 16th and 18th century. Large-scale industrial mining started in 1828. By 1882 the mine ran out of ore and was closed, the lead-zinc smelter was operated until 1922 with ore from abroad. The Bleyberg mine is located 6 km NW of Kelmis and about 20 miles NE of Liege.



Total production (1828-1882):
115,000 tons of galena and 110,000 tons of sphalerite (as schalenblende).

Select Mineral List Type

Standard Detailed Gallery Strunz Chemical Elements

Commodity List

This is a list of exploitable or exploited mineral commodities recorded at this locality.


Mineral List


27 valid minerals.

Rock Types Recorded

Note: data is currently VERY limited. Please bear with us while we work towards adding this information!

Select Rock List Type

Alphabetical List Tree Diagram

Detailed Mineral List:

ⓘ Allophane
Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
ⓘ Anglesite
Formula: PbSO4
ⓘ Aragonite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Azurite
Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘ Baryte
Formula: BaSO4
Habit: tufts of acicular crystals, elongated according to [100] and showing {011}, {102}, {101}, {100}, {111}, {211} and {110}
Colour: yellowish
Description: "This author [Cesàro] remarks that specimens labeled as "Cérusite bacillaire" from Bleiberg are in reality made of baryte." (Hatert et al., 2002)
ⓘ Bornite
Formula: Cu5FeS4
ⓘ Calcite
Formula: CaCO3
ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite
Formula: (Ca,Fe)CO3
ⓘ Cerussite
Formula: PbCO3
Habit: flattened according to {110}, elongated according to {001}, twinned according to (110), almost globular with a large {100} face (Cesàro, 1897)
Description: On galena.
ⓘ Chalcopyrite
Formula: CuFeS2
ⓘ Dolomite
Formula: CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘ Fraipontite
Formula: (Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
References:
Joan Rosell
ⓘ Galena
Formula: PbS
ⓘ Gersdorffite
Formula: NiAsS
Colour: white; brown to blue (anisotropy)
ⓘ Gypsum
Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O
Habit: Coatings with small crystals and fine needles on galena (Cesàro, 1898)
ⓘ Hemimorphite
Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘ Hydrozincite
Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Habit: crusts
Colour: whitish
ⓘ Malachite
Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘ Marcasite
Formula: FeS2
Habit: iridescent parallel stalactites on galena or sphalerite; thin grey films made up of small twinned {101}{1k0} crystals coating large calcite crystals
ⓘ Millerite
Formula: NiS
Description: Associated with nickeline and gersdorffite.
ⓘ Nickeline
Formula: NiAs
Colour: pinkish yellow to orangish-yellow (pleochroism), brown-orange to blue (anisotropy).
Description: Inclusions of up to 25µm in gersdorffite.
ⓘ Pyrite
Formula: FeS2
Habit: {001}{111}, {531}
Colour: golden yellow
Description: On calcite and/or sphalerite.
ⓘ Pyromorphite
Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Colour: whitish with a brown coating
ⓘ Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Milky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz
Formula: SiO2
ⓘ Siderite ?
Formula: FeCO3
Description: References list ferroan calcite, but no siderite. Might be a mis-identification based on colour only.
ⓘ Smithsonite
Formula: ZnCO3
ⓘ Sphalerite
Formula: ZnS
Habit: tetrahedra
ⓘ Willemite
Formula: Zn2SiO4

List of minerals arranged by Strunz 10th Edition classification

Group 2 - Sulphides and Sulfosalts
ⓘBornite2.BA.15Cu5FeS4
ⓘSphalerite2.CB.05aZnS
ⓘChalcopyrite2.CB.10aCuFeS2
ⓘNickeline2.CC.05NiAs
ⓘMillerite2.CC.20NiS
ⓘGalena2.CD.10PbS
ⓘPyrite2.EB.05aFeS2
ⓘMarcasite2.EB.10aFeS2
ⓘGersdorffite2.EB.25NiAsS
Group 4 - Oxides and Hydroxides
ⓘQuartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Milky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
ⓘvar. Smoky Quartz4.DA.05SiO2
Group 5 - Nitrates and Carbonates
ⓘCalcite5.AB.05CaCO3
ⓘSmithsonite5.AB.05ZnCO3
ⓘSiderite ?5.AB.05FeCO3
ⓘCalcite
var. Iron-bearing Calcite		5.AB.05(Ca,Fe)CO3
ⓘDolomite5.AB.10CaMg(CO3)2
ⓘCerussite5.AB.15PbCO3
ⓘAragonite5.AB.15CaCO3
ⓘAzurite5.BA.05Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2
ⓘMalachite5.BA.10Cu2(CO3)(OH)2
ⓘHydrozincite5.BA.15Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Group 7 - Sulphates, Chromates, Molybdates and Tungstates
ⓘBaryte7.AD.35BaSO4
ⓘAnglesite7.AD.35PbSO4
ⓘGypsum7.CD.40CaSO4 · 2H2O
Group 8 - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates
ⓘPyromorphite8.BN.05Pb5(PO4)3Cl
Group 9 - Silicates
ⓘWillemite9.AA.05Zn2SiO4
ⓘHemimorphite9.BD.10Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
ⓘFraipontite9.ED.15(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
ⓘAllophane9.ED.20(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O

List of minerals for each chemical element

HHydrogen
Hⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Hⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Hⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Hⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Hⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Hⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Hⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
CCarbon
Cⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Cⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Cⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Cⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Cⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Cⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Cⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Cⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Cⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
OOxygen
Oⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Oⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Oⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Oⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Oⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Oⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Oⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Oⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Oⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Oⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Oⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Oⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Oⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
Oⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
Oⓘ QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Oⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Oⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ WillemiteZn2SiO4
Oⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
Oⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
MgMagnesium
Mgⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
AlAluminium
Alⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Alⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
SiSilicon
Siⓘ Allophane(Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O
Siⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Siⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Siⓘ QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ Quartz var. Smoky QuartzSiO2
Siⓘ WillemiteZn2SiO4
Siⓘ Quartz var. Milky QuartzSiO2
PPhosphorus
Pⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
SSulfur
Sⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Sⓘ BaryteBaSO4
Sⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Sⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Sⓘ GalenaPbS
Sⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Sⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Sⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Sⓘ MilleriteNiS
Sⓘ PyriteFeS2
Sⓘ SphaleriteZnS
ClChlorine
Clⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl
CaCalcium
Caⓘ AragoniteCaCO3
Caⓘ CalciteCaCO3
Caⓘ DolomiteCaMg(CO3)2
Caⓘ GypsumCaSO4 · 2H2O
Caⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
FeIron
Feⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Feⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Feⓘ MarcasiteFeS2
Feⓘ PyriteFeS2
Feⓘ SideriteFeCO3
Feⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite(Ca,Fe)CO3
NiNickel
Niⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Niⓘ MilleriteNiS
Niⓘ NickelineNiAs
CuCopper
Cuⓘ AzuriteCu3(CO3)2(OH)2
Cuⓘ BorniteCu5FeS4
Cuⓘ ChalcopyriteCuFeS2
Cuⓘ MalachiteCu2(CO3)(OH)2
ZnZinc
Znⓘ Fraipontite(Zn,Al)3((Si,Al)2O5)(OH)4
Znⓘ HemimorphiteZn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O
Znⓘ HydrozinciteZn5(CO3)2(OH)6
Znⓘ SmithsoniteZnCO3
Znⓘ SphaleriteZnS
Znⓘ WillemiteZn2SiO4
AsArsenic
Asⓘ GersdorffiteNiAsS
Asⓘ NickelineNiAs
BaBarium
Baⓘ BaryteBaSO4
PbLead
Pbⓘ AnglesitePbSO4
Pbⓘ CerussitePbCO3
Pbⓘ GalenaPbS
Pbⓘ PyromorphitePb5(PO4)3Cl

Other Regions, Features and Areas containing this locality

Belgium
Eurasian PlateTectonic Plate
EuropeContinent

This page contains all mineral locality references listed on mindat.org. This does not claim to be a complete list. If you know of more minerals from this site, please register so you can add to our database. This locality information is for reference purposes only. You should never attempt to visit any sites listed in mindat.org without first ensuring that you have the permission of the land and/or mineral rights holders for access and that you are aware of all safety precautions necessary.

References

Rocks & Minerals (xxxx) 20: 467.
Hairs, E. (1888) Sur la présence du mercure, du thallium et de l'indium dans les blendes belges. Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique: 15: CXIV-CXVII (B114-B117). https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/243664#page/180/mode/1up
Cesàro. G. (1891) Barytine aciculaire du Bleiberg. Annales de la Société géologique de Belgique: 18: XL (B40). https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/238261#page/78/mode/1up
Cesàro, G. (1898) Description des minéraux phosphatés, sulfatés et carbonatés du sol belge. Mémoires de l'Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique, in 4°, 53, 136 pages. https://www.academieroyale.be/Academie/documents/MM53_49118951898CESARO24658.pdf
Malaise, C. (1913) Manuel de Minéralogie pratique, 4e éd., Bruxelles.
Dewez, L., Lespineux, G. (1949) Les Minérais Du Sol Belge. Centenaire de l'Association des Ingénieurs sortis de l'École de Liège, Section Géologie.
Jans, D. (1970) Contribution à l'étude des sulfures Pb-Zn de Bleiberg (Belgique). Analyses des porteurs de nickel. Mémoire de Licence, Université libre de Bruxelles, 87 pages.
Mélon, J., Bourguignon, P., Fransolet, A.-M. (1976) Les minéraux de Belgique. Editions G. Lelotte, Dison .
Dejonghe, L. (1990) Présence de gersdorffite et de nickeline dans le filon plombo-zincifère de Bleiberg (Belgique). Bulletin de la Société belge de Géologie: 99: 93-96. https://biblio.naturalsciences.be/rbins-publications/bulletin-de-la-societe-belge-de-geologie/099%20-%201990/bsbg_nr99_1990_93-96.pdf
Dejonghe, L., Ladeuze, F., Jans, D. (1993) Atlas des Gisements Plombo-Zinciferes Du Synclinorium de Verviers (Est de la Belgique) [Atlas of the Plumbo-Zinciferous Deposits of the Synclinorium of Verviers (Eastern Belgium)]. Mémoires pour servir à l'Explication des Cartes Géologiques et Minières de la Belgique 33. Geological Survey of Belgium
Heijlen, W., Muchez, P., Banks, D.A. (2001) Origin and evolution of high-salinity, Zn-Pb mineralising fluids in the Variscides of Belgium. Mineralium Deposita: 36: 165-176. https://www.academia.edu/30599589/Origin_and_evolution_of_high_salinity_Zn_Pb_mineralising_fluids_in_the_Variscides_of_Belgium
Hatert, F., Deliens, M., Fransolet, A.-M., Van Der Meersche, E. (2002) Les minéraux de Belgique (2nd ed.) Muséum des Sciences Naturelles, Bruxelles.
www.trois-frontieres.be (n.d.) http://www.trois-frontieres.be/D/mine_plomb.php
Coppola, V., Boni, M., Gilg, H.A., Balassone, G., Dejonghe, L. (2008) The “calamine” nonsulfide Zn–Pb deposits of Belgium: Petrographical, mineralogical and geochemical characterization. Ore Geology Reviews: 33(2): 187-210. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/222076501_The_calamine_nonsulfide_Zn-Pb_deposits_of_Belgium_Petrographical_mineralogical_and_geochemical_characterization
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