登录注册
Quick Links : Mindat手册The Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryMindat Newsletter [Free Download]
主页关于 MindatMindat手册Mindat的历史版权Who We Are联系我们于 Mindat.org刊登广告
捐赠给 MindatCorporate Sponsorship赞助板页已赞助的板页在 Mindat刊登 广告的广告商于 Mindat.org刊登广告
Learning CenterWhat is a mineral?The most common minerals on earthInformation for EducatorsMindat ArticlesThe ElementsThe Rock H. Currier Digital LibraryGeologic Time
搜索矿物的性质搜索矿物的化学Advanced Locality Search随意显示任何一 种矿物Random Locality使用minID搜索邻近产地Search Articles搜索词汇表更多搜索选项
搜索:
矿物名称:
地区产地名称:
关键字:
 
Mindat手册添加新照片Rate Photos产区编辑报告Coordinate Completion Report添加词汇表项目
Mining Companies统计会员列表Mineral MuseumsClubs & Organizations矿物展及活动The Mindat目录表设备设置The Mineral Quiz
照片搜索Photo GalleriesSearch by Color今天最新的照片昨天最新的照片用户照片相集过去每日精选照片相集Photography
BETA TEST - Fossil data and pages are very much experimental and under development. Please report any problems

Struthionidae

Description

The ostriches are a family, Struthionidae, of flightless birds. The two extant species of ostrich are the common ostrich and Somali ostrich, both in the genus Struthio, which also contains several species known from Holocene fossils such as the Asian ostrich. The common ostrich is the more widespread of the two living species, and is the largest living bird species. Other ostriches are also among the largest bird species ever.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)9349https://www.gbif.org/species/9349
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)39276https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39276
Rankfamily
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Struthioniformes : Struthionidae
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
superorderPalaeognathaePycraft 1900
-Ratitae
superorderStruthionimorphaeLivezey and Zusi 2007
orderStruthioniformesLatham 1790
familyStruthionidaeVigors 1825
Common Nameostrich
Scientific NameStruthionidae
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Struthionidaefamilybelongs to Struthioniformesstated without evidenceLambrecht, 1933
Struthionidaefamilybelongs to StruthioniformesimpliedCarroll, 1988
Struthionidaefamilybelongs to Struthioniformesstated with evidenceLivezey and Zusi, 2007
Struthionidaefamilybelongs to Struthioniformesstated without evidenceMourer-Chauviré, 2008
Struthionidaefamilybelongs to Struthioniformesstated with evidenceClements et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)15
Extant Size (PBDB)5 (33%)
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 11.6 Ma
Miocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Struthioniformes)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Dietherbivore (based on Struthioniformes)
Reproductionoviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution
Common Name(s) Ostriches, Ostrich
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struthionidae

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Struthio
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Ostrich8723.0 Ma
Miocene
0 Ma
Extant
Struthiolithus
genus
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1825Struthionidae Vigors
1933Struthionidae Lambrecht p. 98
1988Struthionidae Carroll
2007Struthionidae Livezey and Zusi p. 89
2008Struthionidae Mourer-Chauvire and Geraads p. 170
2008Struthionidae Mourer-Chauviré
2009Struthionidae Boev and Spassov
2014Struthionidae del Hoyo et al.
2016Struthionidae Koufos et al.
2017Struthionidae Clements et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024
Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95
Mourer-Chauvire C., Geraads D. (2008) The Struthionidae and Pelagornithidae (Aves: Struthioniformes, Odontopterygiformes) from the late Pliocene of Ahl Al Oughlam, Morocco, Oryctos 7, 169-194
Boev Z., Spassov N. (2009) First record of ostriches (Aves, Struthioniformes, Struthionidae) from the late Miocene of Bulgaria with taxonomic and zoogeographic discussion, Geodiversitas 31 3, 493-507 doi:10.5252/g2009n3a1
del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904
Koufos G. D., Kostopoulos D. S., et al (2016) Palaeontology of the upper Miocene vertebrate localities of Nikiti (Chalkidiki Peninsula, Macedonia, Greece)\r\nAves, Geobios 49, 29-36
Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
Dickinson, Edward C., ed., 2003: null. The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, 3rd edition. 1039. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
and/or  
Mindat Discussions Facebook Logo Instagram Logo Discord Logo
版权所有© mindat.org1993年至2024年,除了规定的地方。 Mindat.org全赖于全球数千个以上成员和支持者们的参与。
隐私政策 - 条款和条款细则 - 联络我们 - Report a bug/vulnerability Current server date and time: 2024.5.13 14:08:33
Go to top of page