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Sphenotitan

Description

Sphenotitan is an extinct genus of basal opisthodontian sphenodontian reptile known from the Late Triassic Quebrada del Barro Formation of northwestern Argentina. It was first described and named by Ricardo N. Martínez, Cecilia Apaldetti, Carina E. Colombi, Angel Praderio, Eliana Fernandez, Paula Santi Malnis, Gustavo A. Correa, Diego Abelin and Oscar Alcober in 2013 and the type species is Sphenotitan leyesi.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)8580564https://www.gbif.org/species/8580564
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)336274https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=336274
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchocephalia : Sphenodontidae : Sphenotitan
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Rhynchocephalia : Sphenotitan
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Lepidosauromorpha
superorderLepidosauria
orderRhynchocephaliaGünther 1867
suborderSphenodontia
infraorderEusphenodontiaHerrera-Flores et al. 2018
-NeosphenodontiaHerrera-Flores et al. 2018
-OpisthodontiaApesteguía and Novas 2003
genusSphenotitanMartínez Apaldetti Colombi Praderio Fernandez Santi Malnis Correa Abelin & Alcober 2013
Scientific NameSphenotitan Martínez, Apaldetti, Colombi, Praderio, Fernandez, Santi Malnis, Correa, Abelin & Alcober, 2013
Name Published InArticle title: A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Late Triassic of Argentina and the early origin of the herbivore opisthodontians.
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Sphenotitangenusbelongs to Opisthodontiastated with evidenceMartinez et al., 2013
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)2
First Recorded Appearance228 - 209 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
Last Recorded Appearance228 - 201 Ma
Mesozoic
Environmentterrestrial (based on Diapsida)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. N. Martinez, C. Apaldetti, and C. E. Colombi, A. Praderio, E. Fernandez, P. S. Malnis, G. A. Correa, D. Abelin, O. Alcober. 2013. A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Late Triassic of Argentina and the early origin of the herbivore opisthodontians. Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280(1772):20132057-1-20132057-7
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sphenotitan

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Sphenotitan leyesi
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic
228 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
2013Sphenotitan Martinez et al.
2018Sphenotitan Herrera-Flores et al.
2019Sphenotitan Hsiou et al.

References

Martinez R. N., Apaldetti C., et al (2013) A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Late Triassic of Argentina and the early origin of the herbivore opisthodontians, Proceedings of the Royal Society B 280 1772, 20132057-1-20132057-7 doi:10.1098/rspb.2013.2057
Herrera-Flores J. A., Stubbs T. L., et al (2018) Taxonomic reassessment of Clevosaurus latidens Fraser, 1993 (Lepidosauria, Rhynchocephalia) and rhynchocephalian phylogeny based on parsimony and Bayesian inference, Journal of Paleontology
Hsiou A. S., Nydam R. L., et al (2019) A new clevosaurid from the Triassic (Carnian) of Brazil and the rise of sphenodontians in Gondwana, Scientific Reports 9 11821, 1-12 doi:10.1038/s41598-019-48297-9
Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Sciences Series B 280: -. [1-7] - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
inferred from original work (title) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
inferred from original work (title)/web search (AJR) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
refer original publication - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
www.organismnames.com (Mar 2015) / web search - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Article title: A new sphenodontian (Lepidosauria: Rhynchocephalia) from the Late Triassic of Argentina and the early origin of the herbivore opisthodontians. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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