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Gymnostoma

Description

Gymnostoma is a genus of about eighteen species of trees and shrubs, constituting one of the four genera of the plant family Casuarinaceae. The species grow naturally in the tropics, including at high altitudes having temperate climates, in forests in the region of the western Pacific ocean and Malesia. In New Caledonia, published botanical science describes eight species found growing naturally, which botanists have not found anywhere else (endemics). Additional species have been found across Burma, Sumatra, Borneo, the Philippines, Sulawesi, Ambon Island, the Moluccas, New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, the Solomon Islands, and one endemic species each in Fiji and the Wet Tropics of Queensland, Australia.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)8320507https://www.gbif.org/species/8320507
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)316974https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=316974
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Plantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Casuarinaceae : Gymnostoma
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Plantae : Spermatophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Casuarinaceae : Gymnostoma
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
kingdomPlantaeHaeckel 1866
phylumSpermatophyta
classMagnoliopsidaCronquist et al. 1996
-EudicotDoyle and Hotton 1991
orderFagalesEngler 1892
familyCasuarinaceaeBrown 1814
genusGymnostomaL.A.S.Johnson
Scientific NameGymnostoma L.A.S.Johnson
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Gymnostomagenusbelongs to Casuarinaceaestated with evidenceScriven and Hill, 1995
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)3
Extant Size (PBDB)1 (33%)
First Recorded Appearance58.7 - 55.8 Ma
Paleogene
Primary Reference (PBDB)L. J. Scriven and R. S. Hill. 1995. Macrofossil Casuarinaceae: their Identification and the Oldest Macrofossil Record, Gymnostoma antiquum sp. nov., from the Late Paleocene of New South Wales, Australia. Australian Systematic Botany 8(6):1035-1053
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gymnostoma

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Gymnostoma antiquum
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
158.7 Ma
Paleocene
58.7 Ma
Paleocene
Gymnostoma australianum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma chamaecyparis
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma deplancheanum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma glaucescens
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma intermedium
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma leucodon
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma nobile
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma nodiflorum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma papuanum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma poissonianum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma rumphianum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma sumatranum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma tasmanianum
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
233.9 Ma
Oligocene
28.4 Ma
Oligocene
Gymnostoma vitiense
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Gymnostoma webbianum
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Quadrangula Baum.-Bod.GBIFgenusPlantae : Tracheophyta : Magnoliopsida : Fagales : Casuarinaceae : Quadrangula

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1980Gymnostoma Johnson
1995Gymnostoma Scriven and Hill

References

Scriven L. J., Hill R. S. (1995) Macrofossil Casuarinaceae: their Identification and the Oldest Macrofossil Record, Gymnostoma antiquum sp. nov., from the Late Paleocene of New South Wales, Australia, Australian Systematic Botany 8 6, 1035-1053 doi:10.1071/SB9951035
Farr, E. R.; Zijlstra, G. (eds). (1996-current). Index Nominum Genericorum (ING). A compilation of generic names published for organisms covered by the ICN: International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi, and Plants. [previously: organisms covered by the International Code for Botanical Nomenclature]. Web publication, available at http://botany.si.edu/ing/ (accessed August 2007). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
GRIN Taxonomy for Plants: U.S. National Plant Germplasm Resources Information Network, September 2011 version. Available online at https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomyquery.aspx. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/Takhtajan, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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