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Athene

Description

Athena or Athene, often given the epithet Pallas, is an ancient Greek goddess associated with wisdom, handicraft, and warfare who was later syncretized with the Roman goddess Minerva. Athena was regarded as the patron and protectress of various cities across Greece, particularly the city of Athens, from which she most likely received her name. She is usually shown in art wearing a helmet and holding a spear. Her major symbols include owls, olive trees, snakes, and the Gorgoneion.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)7956065https://www.gbif.org/species/7956065
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)94499https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=94499
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Strigiformes : Strigidae : Athene
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)doubtful
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SauropsidaHuxley 1864
classReptiliaLaurenti 1768
subclassEureptilia
-RomeriidaGauthier et al. 1988
-Diapsida
-Eosuchia
-NeodiapsidaBenton 1985
-SauriaGauthier 1984
-Archosauromorpha
-CrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-ArchosauriformesGauthier 1986
-EucrocopodaEzcurra 2016
-Archosauria
informalAvemetatarsaliaBenton 1999
-OrnithodiraGauthier 1986
-DinosauromorphaBenton 1985
-DinosauriformesNovas 1992
-Dinosauria
-Saurischia
-Theropoda
-NeotheropodaBakker 1986
-AverostraPaul 2002
-TetanuraeGauthier 1986
orderAvetheropodaPaul 1988
suborderCoelurosauriaHuene 1914
-ManiraptoraGauthier 1986
-ParavesSereno 1997
classAvesLinnaeus 1758
-PygostyliaChiappe 2002
-OrnithothoracesChiappe and Calvo 1994
-OrnithuromorphaChiappe et al. 1999
subclassOrnithuraeHaeckel 1866
subclassNeornithesGadow 1893
-Neognathae
-NeoavesSibley et al. 1988
-TerrestrornithesLivezey and Zusi 2007
-Dendrornithes
-RaptoresBaird 1858
superorderFalconimorphae
orderStrigiformesWagler 1830
familyStrigidaeVigors 1825
genusAtheneScopoli 1769
Scientific NameAthene Scopoli, 1769
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Athenegenusbelongs to Strigidaestated without evidenceScopoli, 1769
Athenesubgenusbelongs to Strixstated without evidenceMilne-Edwards, 1874
Athenegenusbelongs to Bubonidaestated with evidenceLambrecht, 1933
Athenegenusbelongs to Strigidaestated without evidenceAlcover, 1989
Athenegenusbelongs to Strigidaestated with evidenceClements et al., 2017
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)5
Extant Size (PBDB)3 (60%)
First Recorded Appearance11.1 - 9.7 Ma
Miocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Strigidae)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Theropoda)
Visionwell-developed (based on Strigiformes)
Dietcarnivore, insectivore (based on Strigidae)
Reproductionoviparous, brooding (based on Strigiformes)
Ontogenyaccretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)
Taphonomyhydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)
Primary Reference (PBDB)M. Salotti, S. Bailon, and M.-F. Bonifay, J.-Y. Courtois, J.-N. Dubois, J. Ferrandini, J.-C. La Milza, C. Mourer-Chauvire, J.-B. Popelard, Y. Quinif, A.-M. Real-Testud, C. Miniconi, E. Pereira, C. Persiani. 1997. Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse). Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324:67-74
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Athene

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Athene cretensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
130.13 Ma
Pleistocene
0.01 Ma
Pleistocene
Athene cunicularia
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Burrowing Owl201.81 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Athene noctua
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Little Owl112.59 Ma
Pleistocene
0 Ma
Extant
Athene veta
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
25.33 Ma
Miocene
3.20 Ma
Pliocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1769Athene Scopoli
1874Strix (Athene) Milne-Edwards p. 13
1933Athene Lambrecht p. 617
1989Athene Alcover p. 99
2017Athene Clements et al.

References

Salotti M., Bailon S., et al (1997) Castiglione 3, un nouveau remplissage fosilifere d'age Pleistocene moyen dans le karst de la region d'Oletta (Haute-Corse), Comptes Rendus de l'Academie des Sciences, Paris, Serie IIa 324, 67-74
Milne-Edwards A. Recherches sur la faune ancienne des Iles Mascareignes, Annales des Sciences Naturelles, Cinquième Série, Zoologie et Paléontologie 19 3, 1-31
Lambrecht K. (1933) Handbuch der Palaeornithologie, 1-1024
Alcover J. A. (1989) Les Aus fossils de la cova de Ca Na Reia, Endins 14-15, 95-100
Clements J. F., Schulenberg T. S., et al (2017) , The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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