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Paucituberculata

Description

Paucituberculata is an order of South American marsupials. Although currently represented only by the seven living species of shrew opossums, this order was formerly much more diverse, with more than 60 extinct species named from the fossil record, particularly from the late Oligocene to early Miocene epochs. The earliest paucituberculatans date to the late Paleocene (Itaboraian South American land mammal age). The group went through a pronounced decline in the middle Miocene epoch, which resulted in the extinction of all families of this order except for the living Caenolestidae (including Pichipilidae, Palaeothentidae, and Abderitidae.


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)792https://www.gbif.org/species/792
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)66279https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=66279
Rankorder (GBIF)
suborder (PBDB)
Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Paucituberculata
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
-Theriamorpha
-Theriiformes
-TrechnotheriaMcKenna 1975
-CladotheriaMcKenna 1975
-Boreosphenida
subclassTheriaParker and Haswell 1897
subclassMetatheria
-Marsupialia
-AustralidelphiaSzalay 1982
orderPaucituberculataAmeghino 1894
Scientific NamePaucituberculata
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Paucituberculatasuborderbelongs to Plagiaulacoideastated with evidenceAmeghino, 1897
Paucituberculatasuborderbelongs to Marsupialiastated without evidenceGregory, 1910
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to MetatheriaimpliedNowak, 1991
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to Ameridelphiastated with evidenceSpringer et al., 1994
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to Ameridelphiastated without evidencePhillips et al., 2001
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to Marsupialiastated with evidenceGoin et al., 2009
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to Marsupialiastated without evidenceKramarz et al., 2010
Paucituberculatasuborderbelongs to Australidelphiastated with evidenceLadaveze and Muizon, 2010
Paucituberculataorderbelongs to Marsupialiastated without evidenceOliveira and Goin, 2011
Status (PBDB)extant
Taxon Size (PBDB)118
Extant Size (PBDB)8 (6.8%)
First Recorded Appearance59.0 - 57.0 Ma
Paleocene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Mammalia)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietomnivore (based on Marsupialia)
Reproductionviviparous (based on Theria)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)R. M. Nowak. 1991. Walker's Mammals of the World. Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II
Common Name(s) Shrew Opossums
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paucituberculata

External Images

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Caenolestoidea
superfamily
listed (PBDB)2848.6 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Caroloameghinioidea
superfamily
listed (PBDB)
Palaeothentoidea
superfamily
listed (PBDB)10048.6 Ma
Eocene
16.0 Ma
Miocene
Abderitesidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Abderitidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1528.4 Ma
Oligocene
16.0 Ma
Miocene
Argyrolagidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
3633.9 Ma
Oligocene
0.78 Ma
Pleistocene
Bonapartheriidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
666.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Caenolestidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2848.6 Ma
Eocene
0 Ma
Extant
Caroloameghiniidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Decastidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Glasbiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
2972.1 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
33.9 Ma
Oligocene
Groeberiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Palaeothentidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
7648.6 Ma
Eocene
16.3 Ma
Miocene
Paleothentidae
family
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Patagoniidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Pichipilidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
733.9 Ma
Oligocene
16.3 Ma
Miocene
Polydolopidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
9561.7 Ma
Paleocene
29.0 Ma
Oligocene
Prepidolopidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
656.0 Ma
Paleocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene
Sillustaniidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
266.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
58.7 Ma
Paleocene
Sternbergiidae
family
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
966.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
23.0 Ma
Miocene
Bardalestes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
259.0 Ma
Paleocene
47.8 Ma
Eocene
Cocatherium
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
166.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous
Epiklohnia
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
133.9 Ma
Oligocene
33.9 Ma
Oligocene
Evolestes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
333.9 Ma
Oligocene
29.0 Ma
Oligocene
Praedens
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
133.9 Ma
Oligocene
33.9 Ma
Oligocene
Riolestes
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
158.7 Ma
Paleocene
58.7 Ma
Paleocene
Wamradolops
genus
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
648.6 Ma
Eocene
37.2 Ma
Eocene

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1894Paucituberculata Ameghino p. 76
1897Paucituberculata Ameghino p. 499
1910Paucituberculata Gregory p. 464
1991Paucituberculata Nowak
1994Paucituberculata Springer et al. p. 86
2001Paucituberculata Phillips et al. p. 1538
YearName and Author
2004Paucituberculata Kielan-Jaworowska et al. pp. 443, 461-462
2009Paucituberculata Goin et al.
2010Paucituberculata Kramarz et al.
2010Paucituberculata Ladaveze and Muizon
2011Paucituberculata Oliveira and Goin

References

Nowak R. M. (1991) Walker's Mammals of the World, Maryland, Johns Hopkins University Press (edited volume) II
Ameghino F. Mammiféres crétacés de l’Argentine (Deuxième contribution à la connaissance de la fauna mammalogique de couches à Pyrotherium) [Cretaceous mammals of Argentina (second contribution to the knowledge of the mammalian fauna of the Pyrotherium Beds)], Boletin Instituto Geografico Argentino 18 4–9, 406-521
Gregory W. K. (1910) The orders of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 27, 1-524
Springer M. S. Y., Westerman M., et al (1994) Relationships among orders and families of marsupials based on 12S ribosomal DNA sequences and the timing of the marsupial radiation, Journal of Mammalian Evolution 2 2, 85-115
Phillips M. J., Lin Y.-H., et al (2001) Mitochondrial genomes of a bandicoot and a brushtail possum confirm the monophyly of australidelphian marsupials, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B 268, 1533-1538
Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Cifelli R. L., et al (2004) Mammals from the age of dinosaurs: Origins, evolution, and structure, Columbia University Press, New York, 1-630
Goin F. J., Candela A. M., et al (2009) Earliest South American paucituberculatans and their significance in the understanding of ‘pseudodiprotodont’ marsupial radiations, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155, 867-884
Kramarz A. G., Vucetich M. G., et al (2010) A new mammal fauna at the top of the Gran Barranca sequence and its biochronological significance, The Paleontology of Gran Barranca: Evolution and Environmental Change through the Middle Cenozoic of Patagonia, 264-277
Ladaveze S., Muizon C. (2010) Evidence of early evolution of Australidelphia (Metatheria, Mammalia) in South America: phylogenetic relationships of the metatherians from the Late Palaeocene of Itaboraí (Brazil) based on teeth and petrosal bones, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 159 3, 746-784
Oliveira E. V., Goin F. J. (2011) A reassessment of bunodont metatherians from the Paleogene of Itaborai (Brazil): Systematics and the age of the Itaborian SALMA, Revista Brasileira de Paleontologia 14 2, 105-136
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 2005: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds., 1992: null. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 2nd ed., 3rd printing. xviii + 1207. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)
McKenna, M. C.; Bell, S. K. (1997). Classification of mammals above the species level. Columbia University Press, New York, 631 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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