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Podicipediformes

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Description

Grebes are aquatic diving birds in the order Podicipediformes Grebes are widely distributed birds of freshwater, with some species also occurring in marine habitats during migration and winter. The order contains a single family, the Podicipedidae, which includes 22 species in six extant genera.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podicipediformes, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	7191588	https://www.gbif.org/species/7191588
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	39551	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=39551

Rank

order

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Aves : Podicipediformes

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
suborder	Coelurosauria	Huene 1914
-	Maniraptora	Gauthier 1986
-	Paraves	Sereno 1997
class	Aves	Linnaeus 1758
-	Pygostylia	Chiappe 2002
-	Ornithothoraces	Chiappe and Calvo 1994
-	Ornithuromorpha	Chiappe et al. 1999
subclass	Ornithurae	Haeckel 1866
subclass	Neornithes	Gadow 1893
-	Neognathae
-	Neoaves	Sibley et al. 1988
-	Natatores	Baird 1858
-	Pygopodotubinares	Livezey and Zusi 2007
superorder	Gaviomorphae	Livezey and Zusi 2007
order	Podicipediformes	Fürbringer 1888

Common Name

grebe

Scientific Name

Podicipediformes

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Aves	stated without evidence	Howard, 1972
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Neognathae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Aves	stated without evidence	Guthrie, 1992
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Mirandornithes	stated with evidence	Sangster, 2005
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Gaviomorphae	stated with evidence	Livezey and Zusi, 2007
Podicipediformes	order	belongs to Aves	stated without evidence	Louchart et al., 2008

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

20 (56%)

First Recorded Appearance

33.9 - 23.0 Ma
Cenozoic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Coelurosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Common Name(s)

Grebe, Grebes, Grèbes, Doppingfåglar, Пірникозоподібні, カイツブリ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Podicipediformes

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Podicipedidae family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		171	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1888	Podicipediformes Fürbringer
1972	Podicipediformes Howard p. 3
1988	Podicipediformes Carroll
1992	Podicipediformes Guthrie p. 320
1992	Podicipediformes Parmalee p. 309
2005	Podicipediformes Sangster p. 613
2007	Podicipediformes Livezey and Zusi p. 90
2008	Podicipediformes Louchart et al. p. 149
2014	Podicipediformes del Hoyo et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Howard H. (1972) Type specimens of avian fossils in the collections of the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Contributions in Science, 1-27

Guthrie D. A. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from San Miguel Island, California, Science Series (Los Angeles) 36, 319-327

Parmalee P. W. (1992) A late Pleistocene avifauna from northwestern Alabama, Science Series, Los Angeles Museum of Natural History, Science, and Art 36, 307-318

Sangster G. (2005) A name for the flamingo–grebe clade, Ibis 147 3, 612-615 doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.2005.00432.x

Livezey B. C., Zusi R. L. (2007) Higher-order phylogeny of modern birds (Theropoda, Aves: Neornithes) based on comparative anatomy. II. Analysis and discussion, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 149 1, 1-95

Louchart A., Haile-Selassie Y., et al (2008) Fossil birds from the Late Miocene of Chad and Ethiopia and zooge- ographical implications, Oryctos 7, 147-167

del Hoyo J., Collar N. J., et al (2014) HBW and BirdLife International Illustrated Checklist of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Non-passerines, 1-904

Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner, 1987: Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Harrison, P. (1985). Seabirds: an identification guide. Revised edition. Christopher Helm Publisher. A & C Black: London, UK. ISBN 0-7136-3510-X. 448 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). (2016) IOC World Bird List (v 6.3). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.6.3. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

BirdLife Sverige, Taxonomikommittén (2016) Fågelordningar, version 11. http://birdlife.se/tk/fagelfamiljer/fagelfamiljelistan-i-webbformat-ver-10/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Gärdenfors, U., Hall, R., Hallingbäck, T., Hansson, H.G. & Hedström, L. (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Larsson, L., Ekström, G., Larsson, E. & Gandemo, M. (2007) Birds of the World, 2:a uppl. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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