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Spatangidae

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Description

The Spatangidae are a family of heart urchins. There are four recognised genera within the family; Maretia, Paramaretia, Pseudomaretia and Spatangus. Additionally, Spatagus and Prospatangus were previously recognised genera within the Spatangidae, but are now accepted as part of the genus Spatangus.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatangidae, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	5604	https://www.gbif.org/species/5604
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	98615	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=98615

Rank

family

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Spatangidae

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Spatangidae

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ambulacraria
phylum	Echinodermata	Klein 1754
subphylum	Echinozoa	von Zittel 1895
class	Echinoidea
subclass	Euechinoidea	Bronn 1860
superorder	Acroechinoidea
-	Carinacea	Kroh and Smith 2010
-	Irregularia
-	Atelostomata	von Zittel 1879
order	Spatangoida	Agassiz 1840
suborder	Brissidina	Stockley et al. 2005
superfamily	Spatangidea	Fischer 1966
family	Spatangidae	Gray 1825

Scientific Name

Spatangidae

Name Published In

Ann. Phil., 26: 430

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Spatangoidea	stated with evidence	Clark, 1904
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Sternata	stated without evidence	Clark and Twitchell, 1915
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Cassidulina	stated without evidence	Grant and Hertlein, 1938
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Exocycloidea	stated without evidence	Turner, 1938
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Spatangoida	stated with evidence	Djabarov, 1964
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Micrasterina	stated without evidence	Fischer, 1966
Spatangidae	family	belongs to Spatangidea	stated with evidence	Kroh and Smith, 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

13 (25%)

First Recorded Appearance

113 - 101 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

marine (based on Spatangoida)

Motility

slow-moving (based on Spatangoida)

Vision

limited (based on Echinoidea)

Diet

deposit feeder, detritivore (based on Spatangoida)

Reproduction

dispersal=water,planktonic (based on Spatangoida)

Ontogeny

accretion,addition of parts (based on Echinodermata)

Taphonomy

high Mg calcite (based on Spatangoida)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. E. Gray. 1825. An attempt to divide the Echinida, or Sea Eggs, into natural families. Annals of Philosophy, new series 10:423-431

Common Name(s)

Hart-egels, Sjömöss, ホンブンブク

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spatangidae

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Atelospatangus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Gonimaretia ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)
Granopatagus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Isomicraster ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		8	93.9 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Laevipatagus ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Maretia genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		19	41.3 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Plethotaenia genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Prospatangus genus	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Sarsella ✝ genus	listed (PBDB)		1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Semipetalion ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Spatangus genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		26	85.8 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Prospatangidae	GBIF	family	Animalia : Echinodermata : Echinoidea : Spatangoida : Prospatangidae

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1825	Spatangidae Gray p. 430
1904	Spatangidae Clark p. 430
1915	Spatangidae Clark and Twitchell p. 86
1938	Spatangidae Grant and Hertlein p. 126
1938	Spatangidae Turner p. 41
1964	Spatangidae Djabarov p. 45
1966	Spatangidae Fischer p. U605
2010	Spatangidae Kroh and Smith p. 173

References

Gray J. E. An attempt to divide the Echinida, or Sea Eggs, into natural families, Annals of Philosophy, new series 10, 423-431

Clark W. B., Twitchell M. W. (1915) The Mesozoic and Cenozoic Echinodermata of the United States, United States Geological Survey Bulletin 54, 1-341

Grant U. S., Hertlein L. G. (1938) The West American Cenozoic Echinoidea, Publications of the University of California at Los Angeles in Mathematical and Physical Sciences 2, 1-225

Turner F. E. (1938) Stratigraphy and Mollusca of the Eocene of western Oregon, Geological Society of America Special Paper 10, 1-130

Djabarov G. N. (1964) , Verkhnemelovye Morskiy Ezhi Tsentral'nogo Kopet-Daga i ikh Stratigraficheskoe Znachenie, 1-114

Fischer A. G. (1966) Spatangoids, Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U. Echinodermata. Geological Society of America and University of Kansas Press, Boulder and Lawrence 3 2, U543-U628

Kroh A., Smith A. B. (2010) The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids, Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 8 2, 147-212 doi:10.1080/14772011003603556

International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. Opinion 608 Spatagus O. F. M?ller, 1776 (Echinoidea); suppression under the Plenary Powers.Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 18(4), 262-264 (1961) - via Official Lists and Indexes of Names in Zoology

Fischer, Alfred G. / Durham, J. Wyatt, et al. / Moore, Raymond C., ed., 1966: Spatangoids. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology, Part U, Echinodermata 3, vol. 2. U543-U628. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Smith, A.B. 2013. Key to genera of Spatangidae. In: Smith, A.B. & Kroh, A. (editors) The Echinoid Directory. World Wide Web electronic publication. - via World Register of Marine Species

Gärdenfors, Ulf, Hall, Ragnar, Hallingbäck, Tomas, Hansson, Hans G. & Hedström, Lars (2003) Djur, svampar och växter i Sverige 2003. Förteckning över antal arter per familj. ArtDatabanken Rapporterar 5, ArtDatabanken, Uppsala. (reviderad excelfil med svenska djurfamiljer). - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels,. 50: pp. 336-351. - via World Register of Marine Species

Kroh, A. & Smith, A.B. (2010): The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8/2: 147-212. - via World Register of Marine Species

WoRMS (2013) Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.eu/ - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Hansson, G, Samuelsson, Cedhagen & Strand (2013) Nationalnyckeln till Sveriges flora och fauna. Tagghudingar–svalgsträngsdjur. Echinodermata– Hemichordata. - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Benton, M.J. (ed). (1993). The Fossil Record 2. Chapman & Hall, London, 845 pp. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Parker, S.P. (ed). (1982). Synopsis and Classification of Living Organisms. McGraw-Hill, New York. 2 volumes. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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