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Procamelus

Description

Procamelus is an extinct genus of camel endemic to North America. It lived from the Middle to Late Miocene 16.0—5.3 mya, existing for approximately 11 million years. The name is derived from the Greek πρό, meaning "before" or denoting priority of order, and κάμελος ("camel"), thus meaning "fore-camel", "early camel" or "predecessor camel".


Source Data
SourceIDLink
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)4835744https://www.gbif.org/species/4835744
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)42549https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42549
Rankgenus
Taxonomy (GBIF)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Procamelus
Taxonomy (PBDB)Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Procamelus
Taxonomic Status (GBIF)accepted
Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)
RankNameAuthor
-Eukaryota
-OpisthokontaCavalier-Smith 1987
kingdomAnimalia
-TriploblasticaLankester 1877
-NephrozoaJondelius et al. 2002
-DeuterostomiaGrobben 1908
phylumChordataHaeckel 1847
subphylumVertebrataLamarck 1801
superclassGnathostomataGegenbauer 1874
-Osteichthyes
-SarcopterygiiRomer 1955
subclassDipnotetrapodomorpha
subclassTetrapodomorpha
-Tetrapoda
-ReptiliomorphaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-AnthracosauriaSäve-Söderbergh 1934
-Batrachosauria
-Cotylosauria
-AmniotaHaeckel 1866
-SynapsidaOsborn 1903
-Therapsida
infraorderCynodontia
-EpicynodontiaHopson and Kitching 2001
infraorderEucynodontiaKemp 1982
-ProbainognathiaHopson 1990
-MammaliamorphaRowe 1988
-MammaliaformesRowe 1988
classMammaliaLinnaeus 1758
subclassTribosphenida
infraclassEutheria
orderUngulata
orderArtiodactylaOwen 1848
suborderTylopoda
superfamilyCameloidea
familyCamelidaeGray 1821
subfamilyCamelinaeGray 1821
tribeCameliniGray 1821
genusProcamelusLeidy 1858
Scientific NameProcamelus Leidy, 1858
Name Published InProc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1858
Opinions (PBDB)
NameRankOpinionEvidenceAuthor
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Camelidaestated without evidenceLeidy, 1858
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Camelidaestated with evidenceLeidy, 1873
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Miolabinaestated without evidenceHay, 1902
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Camelinaestated without evidenceSimpson, 1945
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Camelinistated without evidenceWebb, 1965
Procamelusgenusbelongs to CamelidaeimpliedCarroll, 1988
Procamelusgenusbelongs to Camelinistated with evidenceHoney et al., 1998
Status (PBDB)extinct
Taxon Size (PBDB)9
First Recorded Appearance23.0 - 16.0 Ma
Miocene
Last Recorded Appearance10.3 - 4.9 Ma
Neogene
Environmentterrestrial (based on Artiodactyla)
Motilityactively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)
Dietbrowser
Ecospace Commentsbrowser based on stable isotopes (MacFadden and Cerling 1996)
Taphonomyphosphatic (based on Vertebrata)
Primary Reference (PBDB)J. Leidy. 1858. Notice of Remains of Extinct Vertebrata, from the Valley of the Niobrara River, Collected during the Exploring Expedition of 1857, in Nebraska, under the Command of Lieut. G. K. Warren, U. S. Top. Eng., by Dr. F. V. Hayden, Geologist to the Expedition. Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 10:15-89
Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Procamelus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

NameStatusCommon Name(s)Fossil OccurrencesOldestYoungest
Alticamelus leptocolon
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
120.4 Ma
Miocene
20.4 Ma
Miocene
Auchenia minor
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Procamelus angustidens
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Procamelus benedentalus
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Procamelus coconiensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Procamelus coconinensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
Procamelus grandis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
4323.0 Ma
Miocene
10.3 Ma
Miocene
Procamelus leptognathus
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
123.0 Ma
Miocene
23.0 Ma
Miocene
Procamelus medius
species
accepted (GBIF)No associated record in PBDB
Procamelus occidentalis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)
1823.0 Ma
Miocene
13.6 Ma
Miocene
Protocamelus virginiensis
species
accepted (GBIF)
listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

NameSourceTaxon RankTaxonomy
Protocamelus Leidy, 1873GBIFgenusAnimalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Artiodactyla : Camelidae : Protocamelus

Synonymy List

YearName and Author
1858Procamelus Leidy
1869Homocamelus Leidy p. 158
1873Procamelus Leidy p. 317
1902Procamelus Hay p. 677
1945Procamelus Simpson p. 150
1965Procamelus Webb p. 44
1988Procamelus Carroll
1998Procamelus Honey et al. p. 451
2019Procamelus May

References

Leidy J. Notice of Remains of Extinct Vertebrata, from the Valley of the Niobrara River, Collected during the Exploring Expedition of 1857, in Nebraska, under the Command of Lieut. G. K. Warren, U. S. Top. Eng., by Dr. F. V. Hayden, Geologist to the Expedition, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 10, 15-89
Leidy J. The extinct mammalian fauna of Dakota and Nebraska, including an account of some allied forms from other localities, together with a synopsis of the mammalian remains of North America, Journal of the Academy of Natural Sciences, Philadelphia 2, 1-472
Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358
Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868
Simpson G. G. (1945) The principles of classification and a classification of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 85, 1-350
Webb S. D. (1965) The osteology of Camelops, Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, Science 1, 1-53
Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698
Honey J. G., Harrison J. A., et al (1998) Camelidae, Evolution of Tertiary Mammals of North America 1, 439-462
May S. R. (2019) The Lapara Creek Fauna: Early Clarendonian of south Texas, USA, Palaeontologia Electronica 22.1.15, 1-129 doi:10.26879/929
Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1858 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera
Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!
 
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