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Monolophosaurus ✝

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Description

Monolophosaurus (MON-o-LOF-ə-SAWR-əs; meaning "single-crested lizard") is a genus of tetanuran theropod dinosaur from the Middle Jurassic Shishugou Formation in what is now Xinjiang, China. It was named for the single crest on top of its skull. Monolophosaurus was a mid-sized theropod at about 5 metres long.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolophosaurus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4822543	https://www.gbif.org/species/4822543
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	64121	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=64121

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : Monolophosaurus

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Saurischia : Avetheropoda : Monolophosaurus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Saurischia
-	Theropoda
-	Neotheropoda	Bakker 1986
-	Averostra	Paul 2002
-	Tetanurae	Gauthier 1986
order	Avetheropoda	Paul 1988
-	Carnosauria
superfamily	Allosauroidea	Currie and Zhao 1994
genus	Monolophosaurus	Zhao & Currie 1993

Scientific Name

Monolophosaurus Zhao & Currie, 1993

Name Published In

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30 (10-11), October-November:

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauridae	stated with evidence	Sereno et al., 1994
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Theropoda	stated with evidence	Zhao and Currie, 1994
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Tetanurae	stated without evidence	Holtz, 1995
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauroidea	stated with evidence	Sereno et al., 1996
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated without evidence	Holtz, 1996
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauridae	stated without evidence	Dong, 1997
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauroidea	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1997
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated without evidence	Currie, 1997
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauroidea	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated with evidence	Holtz, 2000
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated without evidence	Currie, 2000
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauroidea	stated without evidence	Rauhut, 2003
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated with evidence	Holtz et al., 2004
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Carnosauria	stated without evidence	Novas et al., 2005
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Tetanurae	stated with evidence	Zhao et al., 2010
Monolophosaurus	genus	belongs to Allosauroidea	stated with evidence	Canale et al., 2013

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

166 - 164 Ma
Middle Jurassic

Last Recorded Appearance

166 - 164 Ma
Middle Jurassic

Environment

terrestrial (based on Theropoda)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Theropoda)

Diet

carnivore (based on Carnosauria)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Theropoda)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Theropoda)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Theropoda)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

X.-J. Zhao and P. J. Currie. 1994. A large crested theropod from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30(10-11):2027-2036

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monolophosaurus

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Monolophosaurus jiangi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	166 Ma Middle Jurassic	166 Ma Middle Jurassic
Monolophosaurus jiangjunmiaoi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Jiangjunmiaosaurus Anonymous	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Dinosauria : *Jiangjunmiaosaurus*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1994	Monolophosaurus Sereno et al. p. 270
1994	Monolophosaurus Zhao and Currie p. 2028 figs. 1-5
1995	Monolophosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 35A
1996	Monolophosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 42A
1996	Monolophosaurus Sereno et al. p. 989 fig. 4
1997	Monolophosaurus Currie p. 734
1997	Monolophosaurus Dong p. 121
1997	Monolophosaurus Hutchinson and Padian p. 96
1997	Monolophosaurus Sereno p. 456
1998	Monolophosaurus Sereno p. 73 fig. 8
2000	Monolophosaurus Currie p. 434

Year	Name and Author
2000	Monolophosaurus Currie and Carpenter p. 236 fig. 15
2000	Monolophosaurus Holtz, Jr. p. 73 fig. 5
2003	Monolophosaurus Rauhut p. 147
2004	Monolophosaurus Holtz, Jr. et al. p. 74
2005	Monolophosaurus Novas et al. p. 229 fig. 3
2005	Monolophosaurus Yates p. 118 fig. 9
2006	Monolophosaurus Coria and Currie p. 108 fig. 35
2010	Monolophosaurus Zhao et al.
2012	Monolophosaurus Carrano et al. p. 248 fig. 7
2013	Monolophosaurus Canale et al.

References

Zhao X.-J., Currie P. J. (1994) A large crested theropod from the Jurassic of Xinjiang, People's Republic of China, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30 10-11, 2027-2036

Sereno P. C., Wilson J. A., et al (1994) Early Cretaceous dinosaurs from the Sahara, Science 266 5183, 267-271

Sereno P. C., Dutheil D. B., et al (1996) Predatory dinosaurs from the Sahara and Late Cretaceous faunal differentiation, Science 272, 986-991

Sereno P. C. (1997) The origin and evolution of dinosaurs, Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences 25, 435-489

Sereno P. C. (1998) A rationale for phylogenetic definitions, with application to the higher-level taxonomy of Dinosauria, Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen 210 1, 41-83

Currie P. J. (2000) Theropods from the Cretaceous of Mongolia, The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia, 434-455

Currie P. J., Carpenter K. (2000) A new specimen of Acrocanthosaurus atokensis (Theropoda, Dinosauria) from the Lower Cretaceous Antlers Formation (Lower Cretaceous, Aptian) of Oklahoma, USA, Geodiversitas 22 2, 207-246

Rauhut O. W. M. (2003) The interrelationships and evolution of basal theropod dinosaurs, Special Papers in Palaeontology 69, 1-213

Holtz, Jr. T. R., Molnar R. E., et al (2004) Basal Tetanurae, The Dinosauria (second edition). University of California Press, Berkeley, 71-110

Novas F. E., de Valais S., et al (2005) A large Cretaceous theropod from Patagonia, Argentina, and the evolution of carcharodontosaurids, Naturwissenschaften 92, 226-230

Yates A. M. (2005) A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Jurassic of South Africa and its implications for the early evolution of theropods, Palaeontologia Africana 41, 105-122

Coria R. A., Currie P. J. (2006) A new carcharodontosaurid (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Argentina, Geodiversitas 28 1, 71-118

Carrano M. T., Benson R. B. J., et al (2012) The phylogeny of Tetanurae (Dinosauria: Theropoda), Journal of Systematic Palaeontology 10 2, 211-300 doi:10.1080/14772019.2011.630927

Canale J. I., Novas F. E., et al (2013) Osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Tyrannotitan chubutensis Novas, de Valais, Vickers-Rich and Rich, 2005 (Theropoda: Carcharodontosauridae) from the Lower Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina, Historical Biology doi:http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08912963.2013.861830

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 30 (10-11), October-November: - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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