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Pachyrukhos ✝

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Description

Pachyrukhos is an extinct genus of mammals from the Late Oligocene to Middle Miocene (Santacrucian-Friasian in the SALMA classification) of Argentina (Collón Curá, Sarmiento and Santa Cruz Formations) and Chile (Río Frías Formation), South America.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachyrukhos, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	4572017	https://www.gbif.org/species/4572017
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	43443	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=43443

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hegetotheriidae : Pachyrukhos

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Notoungulata : Hegetotheriidae : Pachyrukhos

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Notoungulata	Roth 1903
suborder	Typotheria	Zittel 1892
family	Hegetotheriidae	Savage 1951
subfamily	Pachyrukhinae	Kraglievich 1934
genus	Pachyrukhos	Ameghino 1885

Scientific Name

Pachyrukhos Ameghino, 1885

Name Published In

Bol. Acad. Córdoba, 8

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Hegetotheridae	stated without evidence	Ameghino, 1894
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Pachyrucidae	stated without evidence	Lydekker, 1894
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Hegetotheriidae	stated without evidence	Ameghino, 1901
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Hegetotheriidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Hegetotheriidae	stated without evidence	Kramarz et al., 2010
Pachyrukhos	genus	belongs to Pachyrukhinae	stated with evidence	Seoane et al., 2017

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

23.0 - 17.5 Ma
Miocene

Last Recorded Appearance

15.5 - 13.8 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

herbivore (based on Notoungulata)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pachyrukhos

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Pachyrucos absis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos elongatus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos moyani ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos moyanii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Pachyrucos naevius ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos politus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos teres ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrucos trivius ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrukhos moyani ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	17.5 Ma Miocene	17.5 Ma Miocene
Pachyrukhos politus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Pachyrukhos teres ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Pachyrukhos tribius ✝ species	listed (PBDB)

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Pedotherium Burmeister, 1888	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hegetotheriidae : *Pedotherium*
Pachyrucos Ameghino, 1889	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Hegetotheriidae : *Pachyrucos*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1885	Pachyrukhos Ameghino
1888	Pedotherium Burmeister
1894	Pachyrucos Ameghino p. 19
1894	Pachyrucos Lydekker p. 4
1898	Propachyrucos depressus Roth p. 37
1898	Propachyrucos medianus Roth p. 37

Year	Name and Author
1901	Pachyrucos Ameghino p. 76
1908	Pachyrukhos Sinclair
1988	Pachyrukhos Carroll
2010	Pachyrukhos Kramarz et al.
2017	Pachyrukhos Seoane et al.

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Ameghino F. Enumeration synoptique des especes de mammifères fossiles des formations éocènes de Patagonie, Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias en Cordoba (Republica Argentina) 13, 259-452

Lydekker R. Contributions to a knowledge of the Fossil Vertebrates of Argentina. III - A study of extinct argentine ungulates, Anales del Museo de La Plata. Paleontología Argentina 2 3, 1-86

Roth S. , Reconocimiento de la Region Andina de la República Argentina. Apuntes sobre la Geología y la Paleontología de los Territorios del Río Negro y Neuquén (Diciembre de 1895 á Junio de 1896) [Reconaissance of the Andean Region of the Argentine Republic. Notes on the Geology and Paleontology of the Territories of the Río Negro and Neuquén (December 1895 to June 1896)], 1-56

Ameghino F. (1901) L' age des Formations sedimentaires de Patagonie, Anales de la Sociedad Cientifica Argentina 52, 189-197

Kramarz A. G., Vucetich M. G., et al (2010) A new mammal fauna at the top of the Gran Barranca sequence and its biochronological significance, The Paleontology of Gran Barranca: Evolution and Environmental Change through the Middle Cenozoic of Patagonia, 264-277

Seoane F. D., Juñent S. R., et al (2017) Phylogeny and paleobiogeography of Hegetotheriidae (Mammalia, Notoungulata), Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 37 1, e1278547:1-13

Bol. Acad. Córdoba, 8 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/McKenna & Bell, 1997 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

as per family - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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