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Acanthocardia

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Description

Acanthocardia is a genus of saltwater clams, marine bivalve molluscs in the family Cardiidae. Like most other bivalves, these mollusks are suspension feeders. This genus is present from the Upper Oligocene to the Recent.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocardia, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2286547	https://www.gbif.org/species/2286547
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17299	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17299

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Acanthocardia

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
-	Neocardiids	Carter et al. 2011
-	Eucardiids	Schneider 1995
subfamily	Fraginae	Stewart 1930
tribe	Acanthocardiini
genus	Acanthocardia	J.E.Gray 1851

Scientific Name

Acanthocardia J.E.Gray, 1851

Name Published In

Gray J.E. (1851). List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection of the British Museum. Part VII, Molluscas Acephala and Brachiopoda. London, Taylor pp. 167:

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Acanthocardia	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated with evidence	Melvill, 1907
Acanthocardia	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	implied	Richards, 1953
Acanthocardia	genus	misspelling of Acanthocardia	implied	Palmer and Brann, 1965
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Cardiinae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Cardiinae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1984
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Acanthocardiini	stated with evidence	Schneider, 2002
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Vera-Peláez et al., 2004
Acanthocardia	genus	belongs to Acanthocardiini	stated without evidence	Bouchet et al., 2010

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

7 (21%)

First Recorded Appearance

89.8 - 83.6 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Cardiidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Cardiidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acanthocardia

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Acanthocardia (Acanthocardia) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		21	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Acanthocardia (Agnocardia) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		44	56.0 Ma Paleocene	0 Ma Extant
Acanthocardia (Schedocardia) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		92	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	37.2 Ma Eocene
Acanthocardia aculeata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia afra ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Acanthocardia becksii ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Acanthocardia deshayesii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia echinata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia gehannamensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia hanseata ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		11	20.4 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Acanthocardia lunulata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia maputi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Acanthocardia massintonti ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Acanthocardia mozambensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Acanthocardia paucicostata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia sliggersi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia spinosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia tuberculata species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Acanthocardia verrucosa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium (Acanthocardia) cheribonense ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	5.33 Ma Miocene
Cardium becksii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium brewerii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium cheribonense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium hanseatum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium tuomeyi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Anthocardia (Gray, 1851)	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Anthocardia*
Acanthocardium Römer, 1865	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Acanthocardium*
Sphaerocardium Coen, 1933	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Sphaerocardium*
Eucardium P.Fischer, 1887	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Eucardium*
Rudicardia Coen, 1915	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Rudicardia*
Archicardium Sandberger, 1863	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Archicardium*
Acathocardia Meek, 1876	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Acathocardia*
Orbis Blainville, 1825	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Orbis*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1851	Acanthocardia Gray
1907	Cardium (Acanthocardia) Melvill
1935	Cardium (Acanthocardia) Oostingh p. 177
1953	Cardium (Anthocardia) Richards p. 53
1980	Acanthocardia Vokes p. 126
1983	Acanthocardia Gliozzi and Malatesta p. 96
1984	Acanthocardia Squires p. 49

Year	Name and Author
1987	Acanthocardia Squires p. 65
1988	Acanthocardia Freneix et al. p. 426
1992	Acanthocardia Squires and Demetrion p. 42
2002	Acanthocardia Schneider p. 351 figs. Figure 25
2002	Acanthocardia Sepkoski, Jr.
2004	Acanthocardia Vera-Peláez et al. p. 255
2010	Acanthocardia Bouchet et al.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Oostingh C. H. (1935) Die Mollusken des Pliozäns von Boemiajoe (Java), Dienst van den Mijnbouw in Nederlandsch-Indië Wetenschappelijke Mededeelingen 26, 1-247

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Gliozzi E., Malatesta A. (1983) I molluschi del Paleocene di Baixa Chinhauanine nel bacino del Rio Massintonto (Maputo - Mozambico), Geologica Romana 22, 85-145

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Freneix S., Saint Martin J.-P., et al (1988) Bivalves Hétérodontes du Messinien d'Oranie (Algérie occidentale), Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle Section C: Sciences de la Terre 9 4, 415-453

Squires R. L., Demetrion R. A. (1992) Paleontology of the Eocene Bateque Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico, Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) 434, 1-55

Schneider J. A. (2002) Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and theimportance of fossils in explaining dijunct biogeographical distributions, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Socciety 2002 136, 321-369

Vera-Peláez J. L., Lozano-Francisco M. C., et al (2004) Molluscos del Tirreniense (Pleistoceno Superior) de la Playa la Araña-Cala de Moral (Málaga), Revista Española de Paleontología 19 2, 251-259

Bouchet P., Rocroi J.-P., et al (2010) Nomenclator of Bivalve Families with a Classification of Bivalve Families, Malacologia 52 2, 1-184 doi:10.4002/040.052.0201

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

List Brit. Anim. Coll. Brit. Mus., 7 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000: Brands, S. J. (compiler) 1989-2005. Systema Naturae 2000. Amsterdam, The Netherlands (2006 version). Available online at http://sn2000.taxonomy.nl/. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Vaught, K.C.; Tucker Abbott, R.; Boss, K.J. (1989). A classification of the living Mollusca. American Malacologists: Melbourne. ISBN 0-915826-22-4. XII, 195 pp. - via World Register of Marine Species

Karlsson, Anna (2004) Mollusker - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (eds), European Register of Marine Species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 180-213. - via World Register of Marine Species

Gray J.E. (1851). List of the Specimens of British Animals in the Collection of the British Museum. Part VII, Molluscas Acephala and Brachiopoda. London, Taylor pp. 167: - via World Register of Marine Species

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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