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Nemocardium

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2286510	https://www.gbif.org/species/2286510
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	17958	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=17958

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : Nemocardium

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Spiralia
superphylum	Lophotrochozoa
phylum	Mollusca	Linnaeus 1758
class	Bivalvia	Linnaeus 1758
-	Eubivalvia	Carter 2011
subclass	Autobranchia
infraclass	Heteroconchia
-	Cardiomorphi	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioni	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiidia	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardiata	Ferussac 1822
superorder	Cardiiformii	Ferussac 1822
order	Cardiida	Ferussac 1822
suborder	Cardiidina	Ferussac 1822
-	Cardioidei	Ferussac 1822
superfamily	Cardioidea
family	Cardiidae	Lamarck 1809
genus	Nemocardium	Meek 1876

Scientific Name

Nemocardium Meek, 1876

Name Published In

Meek, F.B. (1876) A report on the invertebrate Cretaceous and Tertiary fossils of the upper Missouri country. In Hayden, F.V. (Ed.) Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. Invertebrate Paleontology, 9, lxiv + 1–629, 45 pls.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Nemocardium	subgenus	belongs to Protocardia	stated without evidence	Woodring, 1925
Nemocardium	subgenus	belongs to Cardium	stated without evidence	Vredenburg, 1928
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Turner, 1938
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Protocardiinae	stated without evidence	Moore, 1976
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Protocardiinae	stated with evidence	Vokes, 1980
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Moore, 1984
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Protocardiinae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1984
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated without evidence	Squires, 1988
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	implied	Lamprell and Whitehead, 1992
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Laevicardiinae	stated with evidence	Schneider, 1995
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Cardiidae	stated with evidence	Schneider, 2002
Nemocardium	genus	belongs to Veneroida	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

9 (24%)

First Recorded Appearance

242 - 237 Ma
Middle Triassic

Motility

facultatively mobile (based on Cardiidae)

Vision

blind (based on Bivalvia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Cardiidae)

Taphonomy

aragonite (based on Bivalvia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Common Name(s)

キンギョガイ

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Nemocardium (Arctopratulum) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		3	33.9 Ma Oligocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Nemocardium (Brevicardium) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		29	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nemocardium (Divaricardium) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)
Nemocardium (Keenaea) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		11	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Lophocardium) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		13	37.2 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Lyrocardium) subgenus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Nemocardium) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		185	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Pratulum) subgenus	listed (PBDB)		16	242 Ma Middle Triassic	0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Trifaricardium) subgenus	listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Nemocardium (Varicardium) ✝ subgenus	listed (PBDB)		4	23.0 Ma Miocene	19.0 Ma Miocene
Cardium (Nemocardium) bhagothorense ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	33.9 Ma Oligocene	33.9 Ma Oligocene
Cardium (Nemocardium) brasiliense ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	109 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Cardium bhagothorense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium brasiliense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium linteum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium nicolleti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium nitens species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium parile species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Cardium plumsteadianum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium angelinae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium australojaponicum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium bechei species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium carteri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium cooperii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium diversa species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium enigmaticum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium ezoense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium fulvum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium granosulcatum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Nemocardium griphus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium hadraterum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	23.0 Ma Miocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Nemocardium jamaicense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium lene species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	56.0 Ma Paleocene	47.8 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium marinum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium nicoletti species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium nicolletti ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		14	61.6 Ma Paleocene	38.0 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium nitens ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium parile ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		21	48.6 Ma Eocene	20.4 Ma Miocene
Nemocardium patulum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium plumsteadianum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		4	56.0 Ma Paleocene	55.8 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium probatum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium salrivale species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	47.8 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium semiasperum ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Nemocardium semitectum ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		2	37.2 Ma Eocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Nemocardium serum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium textum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium toriii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Nemocardium yokoyamai species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Unicardium eocenense species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Obsolete Names

Name	Source	Taxon Rank	Taxonomy
Memocardium Powell, 1927	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Memocardium*
Varicardium Marwick, 1944	GBIF	genus	Animalia : Mollusca : Bivalvia : Cardiida : Cardiidae : *Varicardium*

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1876	Nemocardium Meek
1925	Protocardia (Nemocardium) Woodring p. 147
1928	Cardium (Nemocardium) Vredenburg p. 445
1938	Nemocardium Turner p. 52
1944	Nemocardium Durham p. 146
1976	Nemocardium Moore p. 47
1980	Nemocardium Vokes p. 129
1982	Nemocardium Dockery p. 72
1982	Nemocardium Woodring p. 644
1984	Nemocardium Moore p. 30

Year	Name and Author
1984	Nemocardium Squires p. 49
1987	Nemocardium Squires p. 65
1988	Nemocardium Squires p. 19
1992	Nemocardium Lamprell and Whitehead p. 68
1992	Nemocardium Squires and Demetrion p. 42
1995	Nemocardium Schneider p. 339
1999	Nemocardium Squires p. 25
2000	Nemocardium Coan et al. p. 360
2002	Nemocardium Schneider p. 351 figs. Figure 25
2002	Nemocardium Sepkoski, Jr.

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Woodring W. P. (1925) Miocene Molluscs from Bowden, Jamaica. Part 1: Pelecypods and Scaphopods, Contributions to the Geology and Palaeontology of the West Indies

Vredenburg E. (1928) Description of Mollusca from the post-Eocene Tertiary formation of north-western India: Gastropoda (in part) and Lamellibranchiata, Memoirs of the Geological Survey of India 50 2, 351-506

Turner F. E. (1938) Stratigraphy and Mollusca of the Eocene of western Oregon, Geological Society of America Special Paper 10, 1-130

Durham J. W. (1944) Megafaunal zones of the Oligocene of northwestern Washington, University of California Publications in Geological Sciences 27, 101 -212

Moore E. J. (1976) Oligocene marine mollusks from the Pittsburg Bluff Formation in Oregon, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 922, 1-66

Vokes H. E. (1980) Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue, Genera of the Bivalvia: a systematic and bibliographic Catalogue

Dockery D. T. (1982) Lower Oligocene Bivalvia of the Vicksburg Group in Mississippi, Mississippi Department of Natural Resources Bureau of Geology 123, 1-261

Woodring W. P. (1982) Geology and paleontology of canal zone and adjoing parts of Panama: Description of Tertiary mollusks (Pelecypods: Propeamussiidae to Cuspidariidae)., United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 306 F

Moore E. J. (1984) Molluscan paleontology and biostratigraphy of the Lower Miocene upper part of the Lincoln Creek Formation in southwestern Washington, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 351, 1-42

Squires R. L. (1984) Megapaleontology of the Eocene Llajas Formation, Simi Valley, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 350, 1-76

Squires R. L. (1987) Eocene molluscan paleontology of the Whitaker Peak area, Los Angeles and Ventura counties, California, Contributions in Science, Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County 388, 1-93

Squires R. L. (1988) Eocene Macropaleontology of Northern Lockwood Valley, Ventura County, California, Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) 398, 1-23

Lamprell K., Whitehead T. (1992) , Bivalves of Australia 1

Squires R. L., Demetrion R. A. (1992) Paleontology of the Eocene Bateque Formation, Baja California Sur, Mexico, Contributions in Science (Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County) 434, 1-55

Schneider J. A. (1995) Phytogeny of the Cardiidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia): Protocardiinae, Laevicardiinae, Lahilliinae, Tulongocardiinae subfam. n. and Pleuriocardiinae subfam. n., Zoologica Scripta 24, 321-346

Coan E. V., Scott P. V., et al (2000) Bivalve seashells of western North America, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural history Monographs 2, 1-764

Schneider J. A. (2002) Phylogeny of cardiid bivalves (cockles and giant clams): revision of the Cardiinae and theimportance of fossils in explaining dijunct biogeographical distributions, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Socciety 2002 136, 321-369

Turgeon, D. D., J. F. Quinn, Jr., A. E. Bogan, E. V. Coan, F. G. Hochberg, W. G. Lyons, et al., 1998: Common and scientific names of aquatic invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Mollusks, 2nd ed.. American Fisheries Society Special Publication 26. 526. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Aphia2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Spencer, H.G., Marshall, B.A. & Willan, R.C. (2009). Checklist of New Zealand living Mollusca. Pp 196-219. in: Gordon, D.P. (ed.) New Zealand inventory of biodiversity. Volume one. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. Canterbury University Press, Christchurch. - via World Register of Marine Species

Poorten, J. J. ter. (2013). Revision of Recent species of the genus Nemocardium Meek, 1876 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae), with the descriptions of three new species. Basteria. 77, 4-6. - via World Register of Marine Species

SN2000/Boss, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Dep. Inter. Rep. U.S. Geol. Surv. Terr., 9 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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