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Balanus

Photos

Photo Gallery

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Balanus sp.

Moinhos de Alburrica Beach, Barreiro e Lavradio, Barreiro, Setúbal, Portugal

Description

Balanus is a genus of barnacles in the family Balanidae of the subphylum Crustacea.

From Wikipedia article at https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanus, which is released under the Creative Commons Attribution-Share-Alike License 3.0.

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	2115691	https://www.gbif.org/species/2115691
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	22127	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=22127

Rank

genus

Taxonomy (GBIF,PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Arthropoda : Maxillopoda : Sessilia : Balanidae : Balanus

Taxonomic Status (GBIF)

accepted

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Bilateria
-	Eubilateria	Ax 1987
-	Protostomia	Grobben 1908
-	Ecdysozoa
-	Panarthropoda
phylum	Arthropoda	Latreille 1829
subphylum	Mandibulata
-	Pancrustacea
subphylum	Crustacea	Brünnich 1772
class	Maxillopoda	Dahl 1956
subclass	Cirripedia
superorder	Thoracica
order	Sessilia	Lamarck 1818
suborder	Balanomorpha	Pilsbry 1916
superfamily	Chionolasmatoidea	Buckeridge 1983
family	Balanidae	Leach 1817
genus	Balanus	Da Costa 1778

Common Name

barnacle

Scientific Name

Balanus Da Costa, 1778

Name Published In

Da Costa, Emanuel. 1778. Historia Naturalis Testaceorum Britanniae, or, The British Conchology. , London.: 136.

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Balanus	genus	belongs to Balanoidea	stated without evidence	Holmes, 1860
Balanus	genus	belongs to Balanidae	stated without evidence	Martin, 1879
Balanus	genus	belongs to Balaninae	stated with evidence	Ross and Newman, 1967
Balanus	genus	belongs to Cirripedia	second hand	Sepkoski, 2002
Balanus	genus	belongs to Balanidae	stated with evidence	McLaughlin et al., 2005

Status (PBDB)

extant

Taxon Size (PBDB)

Extant Size (PBDB)

14 (50%)

First Recorded Appearance

190 - 183 Ma
Early Jurassic

Motility

stationary, attached, epibiont (based on Balanidae)

Vision

limited (based on Cirripedia)

Diet

suspension feeder (based on Balanidae)

Taphonomy

low Mg calcite (based on Balanidae)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

J. J. Sepkoski, Jr. 2002. A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology 363:1-560

Common Name(s)

Barnacle, フジツボ

Wikipedia

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Balanus

External Images

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Balanus addicotti species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus amaryllis species	listed (PBDB)		3	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus amphitrite species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	48.6 Ma Eocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus aquila species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus asteroides ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Balanus balanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus basicupula species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus bloxhamensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Balanus borsodensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus calidus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Balanus calvertensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus cantelli ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Balanus chisletianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus citerosum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus connelli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus crenatus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		27	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus curvirostratus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus darwinii species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus decorus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus eburneus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		11	23.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus echinoplacis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus ecuadoricus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus engbergi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus flos species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus flosculoidus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus flosculus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus galeatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus gizellae species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus glandula species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Amphibalanus halosydne ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		5	33.9 Ma Oligocene	23.0 Ma Miocene
Balanus hoekianus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus hohmanni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus humilis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		2	28.1 Ma Oligocene	28.1 Ma Oligocene
Balanus imitator species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	16.0 Ma Miocene	16.0 Ma Miocene
Balanus improvisus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		6	33.9 Ma Oligocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus indicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus inexpectatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus irradians species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus irregularis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus kanakoffi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus laevis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus laguairensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus leonensis ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Balanus masignotus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus merrilli species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus microstomus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus mirabilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus multiseptatus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)
Balanus nascanus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus nefrens species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus newburnensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus niveus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0.13 Ma Pleistocene
Balanus nubilis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus nubilus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	16.0 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus ochlockoneensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus ochlockonensis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Balanus pacificus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus pannonicus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus parkeri species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus pentacrini species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus perforatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus poecilus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus polyporus ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		1	11.6 Ma Miocene	11.6 Ma Miocene
Balanus prismaticus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus provisoricus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus pulchellus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus regalis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus reticulatus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Balanus roseus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus rostratus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		7	2.59 Ma Pleistocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus sauntonensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus scutorum ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Balanus silverdalensis ✝ species	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Balanus similis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus spongicola species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus subalbidus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Balanus tamiamiensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus thompsoni species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus tintinnabulum species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus trigonus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		3	5.33 Ma Miocene	0 Ma Extant
Balanus tuboperforatus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus tumorifer species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus vadaszi ✝ species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Balanus veneticensis species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus venustus species	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)				0 Ma Extant
Balanus vestitus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus violaceus species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus violescens species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB
Balanus withersi species	accepted (GBIF)	No associated record in PBDB

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1778	Balanus Da Costa
1860	Balanus Holmes p. 7
1879	Balanus Martin p. 131
1904	Balanus Martin p. 94
1967	Balanus Ross and Newman p. 4
2002	Balanus Sepkoski, Jr.
2005	Balanus McLaughlin et al. p. 42

References

Sepkoski, Jr. J. J. (2002) A compendium of fossil marine animal genera, Bulletins of American Paleontology 363, 1-560

Holmes F. S. Post-Pleiocene Fossils of South Carolina, 1-122

Martin K. Die Tertiärschichten auf Java. Nach den Entdeckungen von Fr. Junghuhn, Geologische-Reichsmuseum, 1-164

Martin G. C. (1904) Cirripedia, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene Text, 94-97

Ross A., Newman W. A. (1967) Eocene Balanidae of Florida, Including a New Genus and Species with a Unique Plan of "Turtle-Barnacle" Organization, American Museum Novitates 2288, 1-21

McLaughlin P. A., Camp D. K., et al (2005) Common and Scientific Names of Aquatic Invertebrates from the United States and Canada: Crustacea, 1-545

Da Costa, Mendes E. (1778). Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, or, the British conchology; containing the descriptions and other particulars of natural history of the shells of Great Britain and Ireland: illustrated with figures. In English and French. - Historia naturalis testaceorum Britanniæ, ou, la conchologie Britannique; contenant les descriptions & autres particularités d'histoire naturelle des coquilles de la Grande Bretagne & de l'Irlande: avec figures en taille douce. En anglois & françois., i-xii, 1-254, i-vii, [1], Pl. I-XVII. London. (Millan, White, Emsley & Robson). - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Howson, C.M.; Picton, B.E. (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Ulster Museum Publication, 276. The Ulster Museum: Belfast, UK. ISBN 0-948150-06-8. vi, 508 (+ cd-rom) pp. - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Southward, A.J. (2001). Cirripedia - non-parasitic Thoracica, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 280-283 - via World Register of Introduced Marine Species (WRiMS)

Boschma H., et.al. (1961) - via Taxa Watermanagement the Netherlands (TWN)

Hansson, H.G. (2006) "MARINA SYDSKANDINAVISKA ""EVERTEBRATER"" - ett naturhistoriskt urval. Web-upplaga Sept. 2006. http://www.tmbl.gu.se/staff/HansGHanssonP.html." - via Dyntaxa. Svensk taxonomisk databas

Young, Paulo S. / Young, Paulo S., ed., 1998: Maxillopoda: Thecostraca. Catalogue of Crustacea of Brazil, Série Livros, no. 6. 263-285. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

Gruvel, A., 1905: null. Monographie des Cirrhipèdes ou Thécostracés. 472. - via Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS)

CoL2006 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Nomenclator Zoologicus. A list of the names of genera and subgenera in zoology from the tenth edition of Linnaeus, 1758 to the end of 2004. Digitised by uBio from vols. 1-9 of Neave (ed.), 1939-1996 plus supplementary digital-only volume. http://ubio.org/NomenclatorZoologicus (as at 2006). - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Sepkoski, J. J., Jr. (2002). A compendium of fossil marine animal genera. Bulletins of American Paleontology. 363, 1-560. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

WoRMS (Mar 2013) - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Brit. Conch. - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

SN2000/Zullo, 1982 - via The Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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