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Thyreophora ✝

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	52777	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=52777

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Ornithischia : Thyreophora

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
subclass	Eureptilia
-	Romeriida	Gauthier et al. 1988
-	Diapsida
-	Eosuchia
-	Neodiapsida	Benton 1985
-	Sauria	Gauthier 1984
-	Archosauromorpha
-	Crocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauriformes	Gauthier 1986
-	Eucrocopoda	Ezcurra 2016
-	Archosauria
informal	Avemetatarsalia	Benton 1999
-	Ornithodira	Gauthier 1986
-	Dinosauromorpha	Benton 1985
-	Dinosauriformes	Novas 1992
-	Dinosauria
-	Ornithischia
-	Genasauria	Sereno 1986
suborder	Thyreophora

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Orthopoda	stated without evidence	Nopcsa, 1923
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Huene, 1927
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Orthopoda	stated with evidence	Huene, 1929
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Huene, 1948
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Huene, 1954
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Orthopoda	stated without evidence	Casamiquela, 1964
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Norman, 1984
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Neornithischia	stated without evidence	Cooper, 1985
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1986
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Predentata	stated without evidence	Bakker, 1986
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Benton, 1990
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated without evidence	Sereno, 1997
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Sereno, 1998
Thyreophora	suborder	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	de Valais et al., 2003
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Norman et al., 2004
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated without evidence	Weishampel, 2004
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Sánchez-Hernández et al., 2007
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Butler et al., 2008
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated without evidence	Butler and Sullivan, 2009
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Ornithischia	stated with evidence	Han et al., 2012
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Yang et al., 2013
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Genasauria	stated with evidence	Madzia et al., 2018
Thyreophora	unranked clade	belongs to Ornithischia	stated without evidence	Zheng et al., 2018

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

236

First Recorded Appearance

216 - 212 Ma
Late/Upper Triassic

Last Recorded Appearance

70.6 - 66.0 Ma
Late/Upper Cretaceous

Environment

terrestrial (based on Ornithischia)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Ornithischia)

Diet

herbivore (based on Ornithischia)

Reproduction

oviparous, dispersal=direct/internal,mobile (based on Ornithischia)

Ontogeny

accretion,modification of parts (based on Ornithischia)

Taphonomy

hydroxylapatite,compact or dense (based on Ornithischia)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

B. F. Nopcsa. 1915. Die dinosaurier der Siebenbürgischen landesteile Ungarns [Dinosaurs of the Transylvanian regions of Hungary]. Mitteilungen aus den Jahrbuch der Königlich Ungarnischen Geologischen Reichsanstalt 23:1-24

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Thyreophoroidea ✝ suborder	listed (PBDB)	1	172 Ma Middle Jurassic	172 Ma Middle Jurassic
Scelidosauria ✝ infraorder	listed (PBDB)
Stegosauromorpha ✝ infraorder	listed (PBDB)
Apraedentalia ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Scelidosauridae ✝ family	listed (PBDB)
Emausaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	183 Ma Early Jurassic	183 Ma Early Jurassic
Scelidosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	209 Ma Late/Upper Triassic	190 Ma Early Jurassic
Scutellosaurus ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	3	199 Ma Early Jurassic	199 Ma Early Jurassic
Ankylosauria ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	679	197 Ma Early Jurassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Stegosauria ✝ unranked clade	listed (PBDB)	243	183 Ma Early Jurassic	70.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1848	Regnosaurus Mantell pp. 198-199
1848	Regnosaurus northamptoni Mantell p. 199
1851	Regnosaurus northamptoni Mantell p. 333
1853	Regnosaurus Pictet p. 474
1853	Regnosaurus northamptoni Pictet p. 474
1854	Regnosaurus northamptoni Mantell p. 705
1877	Omosaurus hastiger Owen p. 95 figs. 23-24
1888	Regnosaurus Lydekker p. 53
1888	Omosaurus hastiger Lydekker p. 179
1888	Regnosaurus Lydekker p. 184
1888	Regnosaurus northamptoni Lydekker p. 184
1890	Stegosaurus hastiger Lydekker p. 252
1890	Omosaurus hastiger Woodward and Sherborn p. 253
1890	Regnosaurus northamptoni Woodward and Sherborn p. 280
1890	Regnosaurus Zittel p. 743
1900	Regnosaurus northamptoni Van Den Broeck p. 85
1902	Omosaurus hastiger Sauvage p. 408
1909	Regnosaurus Huene p. 17
1911	Regnosaurus von Zittel p. 295
1915	Dacentrurus hastiger Hennig p. 11
1915	Regnosaurus Hennig p. 14
1915	Regnosaurus northamptoni Hennig p. 14
1915	Thyreophora Nopcsa p. 13
1923	Thyreophora Nopcsa p. 126
1927	Thyreophora Huene p. 256
1929	Thyreophora Huene p. 155
1948	Thyreophora Huene p. 95
1954	Thyreophora Huene p. 51
1957	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Lapparent and Zbyszewski
1957	Lusitanosaurus Lapparent and Zbyszewski p. 21
1957	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Lapparent and Zbyszewski pp. 47-48
1958	Thyreophora Huene p. 206
1964	Thyreophora Casamiquela
1964	Lusitanosaurus Ginsburg p. 2367
1964	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Ginsburg p. 2367
1964	Lusitanosaurus Kuhn p. 11
1964	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Kuhn p. 11
1964	Hylaeosaurus northamptoni Kuhn p. 41
1964	Lusitanosaurus Tatarinov p. 572
1965	Tatisaurus Simmons p. 65
1965	Tatisaurus oehleri Simmons p. 65
1966	Lusitanosaurus Romer p. 370
1966	Tatisaurus Romer p. 370
1970	Tatisaurus Thulborn p. 428 fig. 9
1971	Tatisaurus Thulborn p. 77
1972	Tatisaurus Galton p. 465
1972	Tatisaurus Thulborn p. 57
1973	Dacentrurus hastiger Delair p. 6
1974	Lusitanosaurus Thulborn p. 172
1975	Lusitanosaurus Thulborn p. 134
1975	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Thulborn p. 134
1977	Tatisaurus Rozhdestvensky p. 113
1977	Tatisaurus oehleri Rozhdestvensky p. 113
1978	Tatisaurus Anderson and Cruickshank p. 31
1981	Tatisaurus Colbert p. 50
1983	Tatisaurus Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1983	Tatisaurus oehleri Weishampel and Weishampel p. 44
1983	Tatisaurus Zhao p. 302
1984	Thyreophora Norman p. 160 fig. 2
1985	Thyreophorina Cooper p. 287
1985	Lusitanosaurus Galton p. 251
1985	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Galton p. 251
1986	Thyreophora Bakker p. 461
1986	Tatisaurus Battail p. 50
1986	Thyreophora Sereno
1986	Lusitanosaurus Zhou p. 35
1988	Lusitanosaurus Carroll
1990	Thyreophora Benton p. 19
1990	Tatisaurus Dong p. 257
1990	Tatisaurus oehleri Dong p. 257
1991	Taveirosaurus Antunes and Sigogneau-Russell p. 116
1991	Taveirosaurus costai Antunes and Sigogneau-Russell p. 116
1992	Taveirosaurus Antunes and Sigogneau p. 56
1992	Taveirosaurus costai Antunes and Sigogneau p. 56

Year	Name and Author
1992	Regnosaurus northamptoni Cheevely and Chapman p. 334
1992	Tatisaurus Dong p. 166
1992	Tatisaurus oehleri Dong p. 166
1996	Taveirosaurus Galton pp. 88-89
1996	Taveirosaurus costai Galton pp. 88-89
1996	Scelidosaurus oehleri Lucas
1997	Regnosaurus Norman p. 785
1997	Regnosaurus northamptoni Norman p. 785
1997	Thyreophora Sereno p. 443
1998	Regnosaurus Blows p. 33
1998	Regnosaurus northamptoni Blows p. 33
1998	Thyreophora Sereno p. 61
1999	Thyreophora Sereno p. 2138 fig. 2
2001	Regnosaurus Blows p. 137
2001	Regnosaurus northamptoni Blows p. 137
2001	Bienosaurus Dong p. 238
2001	Bienosaurus lufengensis Dong p. 238 figs. 17.1-17.2
2001	Lusitanosaurus Dong p. 241
2001	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Pereda Suberbiola and Galton p. 150
2001	Regnosaurus Pereda Suberbiola and Galton p. 151
2001	Regnosaurus northamptoni Pereda Suberbiola and Galton p. 151
2003	Regnosaurus northamptoni Pereda Suberbiola et al. p. 147
2003	Thyreophora Rauhut p. 16
2003	Thyreophora de Valais et al. p. 631
2004	Tatisaurus Irmis p. 16
2004	Tatisaurus oehleri Irmis p. 16
2004	Bienosaurus Norman et al. p. 337
2004	Bienosaurus lufengensis Norman et al. p. 337
2004	Tatisaurus Norman et al. p. 337
2004	Tatisaurus oehleri Norman et al. p. 337
2004	Thyreophora Norman et al. p. 342 fig. 15.6
2004	Thyreophora Weishampel p. 323
2007	Thyreophora Butler et al. p. 2044
2007	Thyreophora Sánchez-Hernández et al. p. 204
2008	Thyreophora Butler et al. pp. 13-16 figs. 2-4
2008	Regnosaurus northamptoni Naish and Martill p. 615
2009	Thyreophora Butler and Sullivan p. 22
2009	Bienosaurus lufengensis Xing et al. p. 17
2009	Tatisaurus oehleri Xing et al. p. 17
2012	Thyreophora Han et al. p. 1391 fig. 14
2013	Regnosaurus Pereda-Suberbiola et al. p. 73
2013	Thyreophora Yang et al. p. 268
2014	Thyreophora Arbour et al.
2014	Regnosaurus northamptoni Blows and Honeysett p. 838
2014	Bienosaurus lufengensis Han et al. p. 1
2014	Sinopelta Ulansky
2014	Sinopelta minima Ulansky
2014	Andhrasaurus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Andhrasaurus indicus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Bienosaurus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Bienosaurus lufengensis Ulansky p. 4
2014	Lusitanosaurus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Scelidosaurus arizonensis Ulansky p. 4
2014	Sinopelta Ulansky p. 4
2014	Sinopelta minima Ulansky p. 4
2014	Tatisaurus Ulansky p. 4
2014	Tatisaurus oehleri Ulansky p. 4
2014	Thyreophora Ulansky p. 4
2014	Regnosaurus Ulansky p. 6
2014	Regnosaurus northamptoni Ulansky p. 6
2014	Lusitanosaurus liasicus Ulansky p. 8
2014	Scelidosaurus arizonensis Ulansky p. 8
2014	Andhrasaurus Ulansky p. 9
2014	Andhrasaurus indicus Ulansky p. 9
2014	Bienosaurus lufengensis Ulansky p. 9
2014	Sinopeltosaurus Ulansky p. 9
2014	Sinopeltosaurus minimus Ulansky p. 9
2014	Tatisaurus oehleri Ulansky p. 9
2014	Regnosaurus northamptoni Ulansky p. 22
2015	Thyreophora Leahey et al.
2017	Thyreophora Arbour and Evans p. 7
2018	Thyreophora Madzia et al. p. 973 fig. 4
2018	Thyreophora Zheng et al.

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Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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