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Condylarthra ✝

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	42197	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=42197

Rank

suborder (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Mammalia : Condylarthra

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
-	Therapsida
infraorder	Cynodontia
-	Epicynodontia	Hopson and Kitching 2001
infraorder	Eucynodontia	Kemp 1982
-	Probainognathia	Hopson 1990
-	Mammaliamorpha	Rowe 1988
-	Mammaliaformes	Rowe 1988
class	Mammalia	Linnaeus 1758
subclass	Tribosphenida
infraclass	Eutheria
order	Ungulata
order	Condylarthra	Cope 1881

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Condylarthra	unranked clade	belongs to Taxeopoda	stated without evidence	Cope, 1889
Condylarthra	suborder	belongs to Ungulata	stated without evidence	Flower and Lydekker, 1891
Condylarthra	suborder	belongs to Ungulata	stated with evidence	Gadow, 1898
Condylarthra	suborder	belongs to Ungulata	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Condylarthra	suborder	belongs to Protungulata	stated without evidence	Gregory, 1910
Condylarthra	suborder	belongs to Ungulati	stated without evidence	Jaekel, 1911
Condylarthra	order	belongs to Eutheria	stated without evidence	Sloan and Van Valen, 1965
Condylarthra	order	belongs to Phenacodonta	stated without evidence	McKenna, 1975
Condylarthra	order	belongs to Eutheria	stated without evidence	Kielan-Jaworowska et al., 1979
Condylarthra	order	belongs to Eutheria	implied	Carroll, 1988
Condylarthra	order	belongs to Epitheria	stated without evidence	Kielan-Jaworowska et al., 2004

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

181

First Recorded Appearance

66.0 - 63.3 Ma
Paleocene

Last Recorded Appearance

23.0 - 5.3 Ma
Miocene

Environment

terrestrial (based on Eutheria)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

insectivore (based on Mammaliaformes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Common Name(s)	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Arctocyonoidea ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Didolodontoidea ✝ superfamily	listed (PBDB)
Chriacidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	61.7 Ma Paleocene
Didolodontidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		57	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	23.0 Ma Miocene
Hyopsodontidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	Condylarth	1,225	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	40.4 Ma Eocene
Meniscotheridae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)
Paroxyclaenidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		16	56.0 Ma Paleocene	37.2 Ma Eocene
Pleuraspidotheriidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)		14	66.0 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	48.6 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1881	Condylarthra Cope
1889	Condylarthra Cope p. 876
1891	Condylarthra Flower and Lydekker p. 90
1898	Condylarthra Gadow p. 45
1902	Condylarthra Hay p. 601
1910	Condylarthra Gregory p. 466
1911	Condylarthri Jaekel p. 238

Year	Name and Author
1965	Condylarthra Sloan and Van Valen p. 226
1975	Condylarthra McKenna p. 43
1979	Condylarthra Kielan-Jaworowska et al. p. 223
1986	Condylarthra Hooker p. 339
1988	Condylarthra Carroll
2004	Condylarthra Kielan-Jaworowska et al. pp. 495, 513

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Cope E. D. Synopsis of the families of Vertebrata, The American Naturalist 23, 1-29

Gadow H. , A Classification of Vertebrata Recent and Extinct, xvii-82

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Gregory W. K. (1910) The orders of mammals, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 27, 1-524

Jaekel O. (1911) , Die Wirbeltiere. Eine Übersicht über die Fossilen und Lebenden Formen [The Vertebrates. An Overview of the Fossil and Living Forms], viii-252

Sloan R. E., Van Valen L. (1965) Cretaceous mammals from Montana, Science 148 3667, 220-227

McKenna M. C. (1975) Toward a phylogenetic classification of the Mammalia, Phylogeny of the Primates, Plenum Publishing, New York, 21-46

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Bown T. M., et al (1979) Eutheria, Mesozoic mammals: the first two-thirds of mammalian history, 221-258

Hooker J. J. (1986) Mammals from the Bartonian (middle/late Eocene) of the Hampshire Basin, southern England, Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 39 4, 191-478

Kielan-Jaworowska Z., Cifelli R. L., et al (2004) Mammals from the age of dinosaurs: Origins, evolution, and structure, Columbia University Press, New York, 1-630

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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