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Ophiacodon ✝

Photos

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Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	38888	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=38888

Rank

genus (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Osteichthyes : Cotylosauria : Ophiacodontidae : Ophiacodon

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Synapsida	Osborn 1903
suborder	Eupelycosauria	Kemp 1982
family	Ophiacodontidae	Nopsca 1923
genus	Ophiacodon	Marsh 1878

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Clepsydropidae	stated without evidence	Hay, 1902
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	stated with evidence	Romer, 1936
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	stated without evidence	Lewis and Vaughn, 1965
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontia	stated without evidence	Olson, 1966
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	stated with evidence	Kuhn, 1966
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	implied	Carroll, 1988
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Synapsida	stated without evidence	Gauthier et al., 1989
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	implied	Kissel and Lehman, 2002
Ophiacodon	genus	belongs to Ophiacodontidae	stated without evidence	Haubold et al., 2005

Status (PBDB)

extinct

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

304 - 299 Ma
Carboniferous

Last Recorded Appearance

279 - 268 Ma
Permian

Environment

terrestrial (based on Amniota)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

R. L. Carroll. 1988. Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution

Fossil Distribution

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Ophiacodon hilli ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	1	296 Ma Permian	296 Ma Permian
Ophiacodon major ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	7	296 Ma Permian	290 Ma Permian
Ophiacodon mirus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	9	303 Ma Carboniferous	296 Ma Permian
Ophiacodon navajovicus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	3	303 Ma Carboniferous	299 Ma Carboniferous
Ophiacodon retroversus ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	17	299 Ma Carboniferous	290 Ma Permian
Ophiacodon uniformis ✝ species	listed (PBDB)	12	299 Ma Carboniferous	290 Ma Permian

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1878	Theropleura Cope p. 519
1878	Ophiacodon Marsh
1880	Theropleura Cope p. 40
1888	Theropleura Cope p. 287
1902	Theropleura Hay p. 433
1902	Ophiacodon Hay p. 434
1907	Theropleura Case
1907	Poliosaurus Case p. 18
1925	Winfieldia Romer p. 182
1930	Poliosaurus Hay p. 47
1930	Ophiacodon Hay p. 49
1930	Theropleura Hay p. 50

Year	Name and Author
1930	Winfieldia Hay p. 50
1936	Ophiacodon Romer p. 89
1936	Poliosaurus Romer p. 89
1940	Ophiacodon Romer and Price p. 18
1965	Ophiacodon Lewis and Vaughn p. C26
1966	Ophiacodon Kuhn p. 119
1966	Ophiacodon Olson p. 301
1986	Ophiacodon Reisz p. 69
1988	Ophiacodon Carroll
1989	Ophiacodon Gauthier et al. p. 341
2002	Ophiacodon Kissel and Lehman p. 536
2005	Ophiacodon Haubold et al. p. 78

References

Carroll R. L. (1988) , Vertebrate Paleontology and Evolution, 1-698

Cope E. D. Descriptions of extinct Batrachia and Reptilia from the Permian formations of Texas, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 17, 505-530

Cope E. D. Second contribution to the history of the Vertebrata of the Permian formation of Texas, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 19, 38-58

Cope E. D. Systematic catalogue of the species of Vertebrata found in the beds of the Permian Epoch in North America with notes and descriptions, Transactions of the Philosophical Society of America, New Series 16 2, 285-297

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Case E. C. (1907) Revision of the Pelycosauria of North America., Carnegie Institution of Washington 55, 3-176

Romer A. S. (1925) An ophiacodont reptile from the Permian of Kansas, Journal of Geology 33 2, 173-182

Hay O. P. (1930) Second Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington 390 II, 1-1074

Romer A. S. (1936) Studies on American Permo-Carboniferous reptiles, Problems of Paleontology 1, 85-93

Romer A. S., Price L. I. (1940) Review of the Pelycosauria, Geological Society of America Special Paper 28, 1-538

Lewis G. E., Vaughn P. P. (1965) Early Permian Vertebrates from the Cutler Formation of the Placerville Area, Colorado, United States Geological Survey Professional Papers 503-C, C1-C46

Kuhn O. W. M. (1966) , Die Reptilien. System und Stammesgeschichte [The Reptiles. Systematics and Phylogeny.], 1-154

Olson E. C. (1966) Community evolution and the origin of mammals, Ecology 47 2, 291-302

Reisz R. R. (1986) Pelycosauria, Handbuch der Paläoherpetologie / Encyclopedia of Paleoherpetology 17A, 1-102

Gauthier J. A., Cannatella D., et al (1989) Tetrapod phylogeny, In B. Fernholm, K. Bremer, & H. Jörnvall (eds.), The Hierarchy of Life. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam, 337-353

Kissel R. A., Lehman T. M. (2002) Upper Pennsylvanian tetrapods from the Ada Formation of Seminole County, Oklahoma, Journal of Paleontology 76 3, 529-545

Haubold H., Allen A., et al (2005) Interpretation of the tetrapod footprints from the early Pennsylvanian of Alabama, Pennsylvanian Footprints in the Black Warrior Basin of Alabama, 75-111

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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