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Pantrionychidae

Photos

Photo Gallery

Source Data

Source	ID	Link
Global Biodiversity Information Facility ID (GBIF)	Not linked to a GBIF record.
PaleoBioDB ID (PBDB)	361334	https://paleobiodb.org/classic/checkTaxonInfo?taxon_no=361334

Rank

unranked clade (PBDB)

Taxonomy (PBDB)

Life : Animalia : Chordata : Reptilia : Testudines : Pantrionychidae

Classification
(PBDB,GBIF)

Rank	Name	Author
-	Eukaryota
-	Opisthokonta	Cavalier-Smith 1987
kingdom	Animalia
-	Triploblastica	Lankester 1877
-	Nephrozoa	Jondelius et al. 2002
-	Deuterostomia	Grobben 1908
phylum	Chordata	Haeckel 1847
subphylum	Vertebrata	Lamarck 1801
superclass	Gnathostomata	Gegenbauer 1874
-	Osteichthyes
-	Sarcopterygii	Romer 1955
subclass	Dipnotetrapodomorpha
subclass	Tetrapodomorpha
-	Tetrapoda
-	Reptiliomorpha	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Anthracosauria	Säve-Söderbergh 1934
-	Batrachosauria
-	Cotylosauria
-	Amniota	Haeckel 1866
-	Sauropsida	Huxley 1864
class	Reptilia	Laurenti 1768
-	Testudinata
order	Testudines	Batsch 1788
suborder	Cryptodira	Cope 1868
suborder	Trionychia
-	Pantrionychidae	Joyce et al. 2004

Opinions (PBDB)

Name	Rank	Opinion	Evidence	Author
Pantrionychidae	unranked clade	belongs to Trionychia	stated with evidence	Vitek and Joyce, 2015

Taxon Size (PBDB)

First Recorded Appearance

125 - 113 Ma
Early/Lower Cretaceous

Environment

freshwater (based on Cryptodira)

Motility

actively mobile (based on Osteichthyes)

Diet

omnivore (based on Cryptodira)

Reproduction

oviparous (based on Cryptodira)

Taphonomy

phosphatic (based on Vertebrata)

Primary Reference (PBDB)

N. S. Vitek and W. G. Joyce. 2015. A Review of the Fossil Record of New World Turtles of the Clade Pan-Trionychidae. Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 56(2):185-244

Subtaxa

Name	Status	Fossil Occurrences	Oldest	Youngest
Drazinderetes ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	41.3 Ma Eocene	41.3 Ma Eocene
Khunnuchelys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	93.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	83.5 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Kuhnemys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	13	101 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	58.7 Ma Paleocene
Murgonemys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	1	56.0 Ma Paleocene	56.0 Ma Paleocene
Perochelys ✝ genus	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	2	125 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	113 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous
Petrochelys ✝ genus	doubtful (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	7	105 Ma Early/Lower Cretaceous	99.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous
Plastomenidae ✝ family	accepted (GBIF) listed (PBDB)	176	83.6 Ma Late/Upper Cretaceous	40.4 Ma Eocene

Synonymy List

Year	Name and Author
1851	Trionyx priscus Leidy
1865	Trionyx priscus Leidy p. 113
1868	Trionyx cellulosus Cope p. 142
1869	Trionyx halophilus Cope p. 12
1869	Trionyx lima Cope p. 12 figs. Plate VII, Fig. 14
1869	Trionyx pennatus Cope p. 12
1869	Trionyx priscus Cope p. 329
1869	Trionyx guttatus Leidy p. 66
1870	Trionyx halophilus Cope p. 151
1870	Trionyx pennatus Cope p. 152
1870	Trionyx buiei Cope p. 153
1870	Trionyx lima Cope p. 153 figs. Plate VII, Fig. 14
1871	Anostira molopina Cope p. 461
1871	Anostira oedemia Cope p. 461
1871	Anostira trionychoides Cope p. 461
1871	Trionyx concentricus Cope p. 461
1872	Plastomenus trionychoides Cope
1873	Plastomenus molopinus Cope
1873	Plastomenus multifoveatus Cope
1873	Plastomenus oedemius Cope
1873	Plastomenus trionychoides Cope
1873	Trionyx guttatus Cope
1873	Trionyx heteroglyptus Cope
1873	Plastomenus multifoveatus Cope p. 278
1873	Trionyx guttatus Leidy p. 176
1874	Plastomenus insignis Cope p. 29
1874	Plastomenus punctulatus Cope p. 29
1874	Trionyx vagans Cope p. 29
1874	Plastomenus lachrymalis Cope p. 603
1875	Plastomenus lachrymalis Cope
1875	Trionyx vagans Cope
1875	Plastomenus coalescens Cope p. 9
1875	Plastomenus costatus Cope p. 9
1875	Plastomenus catenatus Cope p. 35
1875	Plastomenus communis Cope p. 35
1875	Plastomenus corrugatus Cope p. 35
1875	Plastomenus fractus Cope p. 35
1875	Plastomenus lachrymalis Cope p. 35
1875	Trionyx cariosus Cope p. 35
1875	Trionyx leptomitus Cope p. 35
1875	Trionyx radulus Cope p. 35
1875	Plastomenus costatus Cope pp. 94, 261 figs. plate 8, fig. 8
1875	Plastomenus insignis Cope p. 95
1875	Trionyx lima Cope p. 362
1875	Plastomenus insignis Cope pp. 433, 454
1875	Plastomenus punctulatus Cope p. 453
1877	Plastomenus communis Cope
1877	Plastomenus corrugatus Cope
1877	Plastomenus lachrymalis Cope
1877	Plastomenus multifoveatus Cope
1877	Plastomenus serialis Cope
1877	Trionyx cariosus Cope
1877	Trionyx guttatus Cope
1877	Trionyx leptomitus Cope
1877	Trionyx radulus Cope
1877	Trionyx ventricosus Cope
1877	Plastomenus serialis Cope p. 537 figs. Plate 98, fig. 13; Plate 109, figs 1-4; Text-figs 694-696
1884	Plastomenus molopinus Cope
1884	Plastomenus multifoveatus Cope
1884	Plastomenus oedemius Cope
1884	Plastomenus trionychoides Cope
1884	Trionyx concentricus Cope
1884	Trionyx guttatus Cope
1884	Trionyx heteroglyptus Cope
1884	Trionyx radulus Cope
1891	Trionyx punctiger Cope p. 5
1895	Trionyx virginiana Clark p. 4
1895	Trionyx virginianus Clark p. 4
1901	Procyclanorbis sardus Portis
1902	Plastomenus communis Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus corrugatus Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus costatus Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus fractus Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus insignis Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus lachrymalis Hay p. 452
1902	Plastomenus molopinus Hay p. 452

Year	Name and Author
1902	Plastomenus oedemius Hay p. 453
1902	Plastomenus punctulatus Hay p. 453
1902	Plastomenus serialis Hay p. 453
1902	Plastomenus trionychoides Hay p. 453
1902	Trionyx buiei Hay p. 453
1902	Trionyx cariosus Hay p. 453
1902	Trionyx cellulosus Hay p. 453
1902	Trionyx coalescens Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx concentricus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx guttatus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx halophilus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx heteroglyptus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx leptomitus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx lima Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx pennatus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx priscus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx punctiger Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx radulus Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx vagans Hay p. 454
1902	Trionyx ventricosus Hay p. 455
1902	Trionyx virginianus Hay p. 455
1902	Trionyx vagans Lambe p. 36
1904	Trionyx cellulosus Case p. 60
1907	Platypeltis antiqua Hay p. 859
1907	Platypeltis amnicola Hay p. 860
1907	Platypeltis trepida Hay p. 862
1907	Platypeltis serialis Hay p. 863
1908	Amyda salebrosa Hay
1908	Plastomenus costatus Hay p. 468 figs. Plate 85, figs. 1, 2
1908	Plastomenus punctulatus Hay p. 468
1908	Plastomenus catenatus Hay p. 470 figs. Plate 86, fig. i
1908	Plastomenus leptomitus Hay p. 471 figs. Plate 86, fig. 2; text-fig. 630
1908	Plastomenus fractus Hay p. 472 figs. Plate 86, fig. 4
1908	Plastomenus lachrymalis Hay p. 472
1908	Plastomenus communis Hay p. 473 figs. Plate 86, figs. 6-8
1908	Plastomenus corrugatus Hay p. 473 figs. Plate 86, fig. 5
1908	Plastomenus oedemius Hay p. 479 figs. Figs. 640, 641
1908	Plastomenus molopinus Hay p. 492 figs. Plate 85, fig. 3; text-fig. 642
1908	Aspideretes vagans Hay p. 497 figs. Plate 96, fig. 3
1908	Aspideretes coalescens Hay pp. 498-499 figs. Plate 88, fig. 6; plate 90, fig. 1; text-fig. 645
1908	Aspideretes guttatus Hay p. 503 figs. Text-figs. 663, 664
1908	Amyda prisca Hay p. 512 figs. Plate 97, figs. 2-6
1908	Amyda halophila Hay p. 513 figs. Plate 96, figs. 4, 5
1908	Amyda pennata Hay p. 514 figs. Plate 96, fig. 6
1908	Amyda cariosa Hay p. 515 figs. Plate 86, figs. 9, 10
1908	Amyda virginiana Hay p. 515 figs. Plate 96, figs. 7, 8; text-figs. 670, 671
1908	Amyda ventricosa Hay p. 516 figs. Plate 98, figs. 1-6
1908	Amyda radula Hay p. 517 figs. Plate 86, figs. 11, 12
1908	Amyda concentrica Hay p. 520 figs. Plate 98, figs. 7-10
1908	Amyda salebrosa Hay p. 524 figs. Plate 10+, fig. 1; text-fig. 680
1908	Amyda egregia Hay p. 531 figs. Plate 107, figs. 1-3; text-fig. 691
1908	Amyda lima Hay p. 533 figs. Plate 98, fig. 2
1908	Amyda buiei Hay p. 534 figs. Plate 98, fig. 11
1908	Amyda cellulosa Hay p. 534
1908	Platypeltis antiqua Hay p. 537 fig. 693
1908	Platypeltis serialis Hay p. 537
1908	Platypeltis amnicola Hay p. 540 fig. 697
1908	Platypeltis trepida Hay p. 541 fig. 698
1908	Platypeltis trionychoides Hay p. 541
1908	Platypeltis heteroglypta Hay p. 543 figs. Plate 98, fig. 14; plate 101, fig. 2; text-figs. 701, 702
1910	Aspideretes amnigenus Hay
1915	Amyda egregia Gilmore p. 156
1919	Plastomenus torrejonensis Gilmore p. 55 figs. Pl. 19:2
1919	Aspideretes perplexus Gilmore p. 60 figs. Pl. 19:1
1967	Trionyx halophilus Miller p. 226
1982	Trionyx quinni Holman p. 32 figs. 2-5
1986	Plastomenus torrejonensis Sullivan and Lucas p. 204
1988	Aspideretes virginianus Weems p. 118
1996	Apalone amnicola Hutchison p. 340
1996	Apalone heteroglypta Hutchison p. 340
1996	Apalone trionychoides Hutchison p. 340
2000	Hummelichelys guttatus Chkhikvadze
2000	Rafetus (Axestemys) salebrosa Chkhikvadze
2004	Pantrionychidae Joyce et al.
2014	Aspideretoides virginianus Weems
2015	Pantrionychidae Vitek and Joyce

References

Vitek N. S., Joyce W. G. (2015) A Review of the Fossil Record of New World Turtles of the Clade Pan-Trionychidae, Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History 56 2, 185-244

Leidy J. Cretaceous reptiles of the United States, Smithsonian Contributions to Knowledge 192, 1-135

Cope E. D. [Extinct Cetacea from the Miocene bed of Maryland], Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences Philadelphia 20 3, 159-160

Cope E. D. Third contribution to the fauna of the Miocene period of the United States, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 21 11, 6-13

Leidy J. Notice of some extinct vertebrates from Wyoming and Dakota, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 21, 63-67

Cope E. D. , Synopsis of the Extinct Batrachia, Reptilia and Aves of North America. Part II. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, New Series 14, 105-235

Cope E. D. Descriptions of some new Vertebrata from the Bridger Group of the Eocene, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 12, 460-465

Cope E. D. On the extinct Vertebrata of the Eocene of Wyoming observed by the Expedition of 1872, with notes on the geology, Sixth Annual Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, 545-649

Leidy J. Part I. Contributions to the extinct vertebrate fauna of the western territories, Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 1, 1-358

Cope E. D. Review of the Vertebrata of the Cretaceous Period found west of the Mississippi River, Bulletin of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories, First Series 2, 3-48

Cope E. D. , Systematic Catalogue of Vertebrata of the Eocene of New Mexico, Collected in 1874. Geographical Explorations and Surveys West of the 100th Meridian, Engineer Department, U. S. Army, 5-37

Cope E. D. Report on the vertebrate paleontology of Colorado, Annual Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 1873, 427-533

Cope E. D. On the transition beds of the Saskatchewan district, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 27, 2-3

Cope E. D. The Vertebrata of the Cretaceous formations of the west, Report of the United States Geological and Geographical Survey of the Territories 2, 1-303

Cope E. D. Synopsis of the Vertebrata of the Miocene of Cumberland County, New Jersey, Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society 14, 361-364

Cope E. D. Report upon the extinct Vertebrata obtained in New Mexico by parties of the Expedition of 1874, Report upon United States Geographical Surveys West of the One Hundredth Meridian, in Charge of First Lieut. Geo. M. Wheeler, Corps of Engineers, U. S. Army, under the Direction of Brig. Gen. A. A. Humphreys, Chief of Engineers, U. S. Army 4, 1-370

Cope E. D. Testudinata, The Vertebrata of the Tertiary formations of the West. In: Report of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories 3, 111-150

Clark W. B. Contributions to the Eocene fauna of the Middle Atlantic slope, Johns Hopkins University Circulars 15 121, 3-6

Portis A. (1901) Il Procyclanorbis sardus Port., nuovo trionychide fossile della Sardegna, Bollettino della Società Geologica Italiana 20, 51-79

Hay O. P. (1902) , Bibliography and Catalogue of the Fossil Vertebrata of North America. Bulletin of the United States Geological Survey 179, 1-868

Lambe L. M. (1902) New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 2, 25-81

Case E. C. (1904) Systematic Paleontology: Mammalia, Maryland Geological Survey Miocene: Text, 1-58

Hay O. P. (1907) Descriptions of seven new species of turtles from the Tertiary of the United States, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 23 34, 847-863

Hay O. P. (1908) The fossil turtles of North America, Carnegie Institution of Washington Publication 75, 1-568

Gilmore C. W. (1915) The fossil turtles of the Uinta Formation, Memoirs of the Carnegie Museum 7 2, 101-161

Gilmore C. W. (1919) Reptilian faunas of the Torrejon, Puerco, and underlying Upper Cretaceous formations of San Juan County, New Mexico, United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 119, 1-68

Miller H. W. (1967) Cretaceous vertebrates from Phoebus Landing, North Carolina, Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia 119, 219-235

Holman J. A. (1982) New herpetological species and records from the Norden Bridge fauna (Miocene: Late Barstovian) of Nebraska, Transactions of the Nebraska Academy of Sciences 10, 31-36

Sullivan R. M., Lucas S. G. (1986) Annotated list of lower vertebrates from the Paleocene Nacimiento Formation (Puercan-Torrejonian), San Juan Basin, New Mexico, Journal of Herpetology 20 2, 202-209

Weems R. E. (1988) Paleocene turtles from the Aquia and Brightseat Formations, with a discussion of their bearing on sea turtle evolution and phylogeny, Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 101 1, 109-145

Hutchison J. H. (1996) Testudines, The Terrestrial Eocene-Oligocene Transition in North America, 337-353

Weems R. E. (2014) Paleogene chelonians from Maryland and Virginia, PaleoBios 31 1, 1-32

Data courtesy of: PBDB: The Paleobiology Database, Creative Commons CC-BY licenced. , GBIF: the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, various licences, iDigBio, various licences, and EOL: The Encyclopedia of Life (Open Data Public Domain). Because fossils are made of minerals too!

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