Named in honour of John Ilmarii Koivula (b. 1949, Spokane, Washington, USA), GIA (Gemological Institute of America) researcher, for his many contributions in gemstone research (especially inclusions in gemstones) and photomicrography. He coathored the books 'Photoatlas of Inclusions in Gemstones' (three volumes) and 'The Microworld of Diamonds'.

Type Locality:

ⓘ Johnkoivulaite type locality, Pein-Pyit (Painpyit; Pyan Pyit), Mogok Township, Pyin-Oo-Lwin District, Mandalay Region, Myanmar

Isostructural with:

Beryl

Unique combination of elements.

"This mineral is especially unique due to the strong pleochroism it shows from deep violet to nearly colorless when observed with polarized light".

When compared with beryl, it has most of Be substituted by B, Al substituted by Mg, and bears channel-residing, essential Cs.

In situ Raman spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography revealed a P6/mcc-to-P3c1 (second-order) phase transition on isothermal compression at the critical transition pressure Pc = 4.13 ± 0.07 GPa.

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Unique IdentifiersHide

Mindat ID:

53764

Long-form identifier:

mindat:1:1:53764:3

GUID
(UUID V4):

333a37a2-17b7-40b2-afb5-36e16c439630

IMA Classification of JohnkoivulaiteHide

IMA status:

Approved

Approval year:

2019

First published:

2021

Type description reference:

Palke, Aaron C., Henling, Lawrence M., Ma, Chi, Rossman, George R., Sun, Ziyin, Renfro, Nathan, Kampf, Anthony R., Thu, Kyaw, Myo, Nay, Wongrawang, Patcharee, Weeramonkhonlert, Vararut (2021) Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar. American Mineralogist, 106 (11) 1844-1851 doi:10.2138/am-2021-7785

Classification of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Strunz-mindat (2024):

9.CJ.05

9 : SILICATES (Germanates)
C : Cyclosilicates
J : [Si₆O₁₈]₁₂- 6-membered single rings (sechser-Einfachringe), without insular complex anions

Mineral SymbolsHide

As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.

Symbol	Source	Reference
Joh	IMA–CNMNC	Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43

Physical Properties of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Lustre:

Vitreous

Transparency:

Transparent

Colour:

Grayish violet

Hardness:

7½ on Mohs scale

Comment:

ca.

Tenacity:

Brittle

Cleavage:

None Observed

Parting:

None

Fracture:

Conchoidal

Density:

3.01(10) g/cm³ (Measured) 3.117 g/cm³ (Calculated)

Optical Data of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Type:

Uniaxial (-)

RI values:

n_ω = 1.607(1) n_ε = 1.605(1)

Max Birefringence:

δ = 0.002

Image shows birefringence interference colour range (at 30µm thickness)
and does not take into account mineral colouration.

Surface Relief:

Moderate

Pleochroism:

Strong

Comments:

deep violet (E||c) to nearly colorless (E┴c)

Chemistry of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Mindat Formula:

Cs[Be₂B]Mg₂Si₆O₁₈

Elements listed:

B, Be, Cs, Mg, O, Si - search for minerals with similar chemistry

Crystallography of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Crystal System:

Hexagonal

Class (H-M):

6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) - Dihexagonal Dipyramidal

Space Group:

P6/mcc

Setting:

P6/mcc

Cell Parameters:

a = 9.469(2) Å, c = 9.033(2) Å

Ratio:

a:c = 1 : 0.954

Unit Cell V:

701.5 Å³

X-Ray Powder DiffractionHide

Powder Diffraction Data:

d-spacing	Intensity
3.268 Å	(100)
3.099 Å	(19)
3.036 Å	(43)
2.932 Å	(41)
2.733 Å	(14)
1.789 Å	(14)
1.741 Å	(14)
1.664 Å	(12)

Geological EnvironmentHide

Paragenetic Mode(s):

Paragenetic Mode	Earliest Age (Ga)
Stage 4b: Highly evolved igneous rocks	>3.0
34 : Complex granite pegmatites

Type Occurrence of JohnkoivulaiteHide

Type Locality:

ⓘ Johnkoivulaite type locality, Pein-Pyit (Painpyit; Pyan Pyit), Mogok Township, Pyin-Oo-Lwin District, Mandalay Region, Myanmar

General Appearance of Type Material:

A single, irregularly shaped crystal, ca. 5.8×5.7×5.5 mm in size; geometric growth patterns observable.

Place of Conservation of Type Material:

In the mineralogical collections of the Gemological Museum, Gemological Institute of America, 5355 Armada Drive, Carlsbad, CA 92008, USA, catalogue number 41653

Geological Setting of Type Material:

Alluvial deposit.

Reference:

Palke, A.C., Henling, L.M., Ma, C., Rossman, G.R., Sun, Z., Renfro, N., Kampf, A.R., Thu, K., Myo, N., Wongrawang, P., Weeramonkhonlert, V. (2021): Johnkoivulaite, Cs(Be2B)Mg2Si6O18, a new mineral of the beryl group from the gem deposits of Mogok, Myanmar. American Mineralogist: 106: 1844-1851.

Relationship of Johnkoivulaite to other SpeciesHide

Member of:

Beryl Group

Other Members of this group:

Avdeevite	NaAl₄(Be₅Li)(Si₆O₁₈)₂(H₂O)_1-2	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
Pezzottaite	Cs(Be₂Li)Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3 : R3
Stoppaniite	Be₃Fe³⁺₂(Si₆O₁₈) · H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc

Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping Hide

9.CJ.	Avdeevite	NaAl₄(Be₅Li)(Si₆O₁₈)₂(H₂O)_1-2	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6₃/mmc
9.CJ.	Nakkaalaaqite	K₂[Na₃Ca]LiCa₂Ti₂Be₄Si₁₂O₃₈	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Fddd
9.CJ.	Zolotarevite	Na₅Zr[Si₆O₁₅(OH)₃] · ₃H₂O	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
9.CJ.	Beryllocordierite-Na	NaMg₄(Al₅Be)(AlSi₅O₁₈)₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.	Beryllosachanbińskiite-Na	NaMn₄(Al₅Be)(AlSi₅O₁₈)₂ · 2H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.05	Bazzite	Be₃Sc₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Beryl	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Indialite	Mg₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05 va	Vorobyevite	Be₃Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)
9.CJ.05	Stoppaniite	Be₃Fe³⁺₂(Si₆O₁₈) · H₂O	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.05	Ferroindialite	(Fe²⁺,Mg)₂Al₄Si₅O₁₈	Hex. 6/mmm (6/m 2/m 2/m) : P6/mcc
9.CJ.10	Cordierite	(Mg,Fe)₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.10	Sekaninaite	(Fe,Mg)₂Al₃(AlSi₅O₁₈)	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Cccm
9.CJ.15a	Combeite	Na_4.5Ca_3.5Si₆O_17.5(OH)_0.5	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15b	Imandrite	Na₁₂Ca₃Fe³⁺₂(Si₆O₁₈)₂	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.CJ.15a	Kazakovite	Na₆Mn²⁺Ti(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15c	Koashvite	Na₆(Ca,Mn)(Ti,Fe)Si₆O₁₈ · H₂O	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m)
9.CJ.15a	Lovozerite	Na₂Ca(Zr,Ti)(Si₆O₁₂)[(OH)₄O₂] · H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.CJ.15a	Tisinalite	Na₃H₃(Mn,Ca,Fe)TiSi₆(O,OH)₁₈ · 2H₂O	Trig. 3m (3 2/m)
9.CJ.15a	Zirsinalite	Na₆(Ca,Mn²⁺,Fe²⁺)Zr(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
9.CJ.15a	Litvinskite	Na₂(◻,Na,Mn)ZrSi₆O₁₂(OH,O)₆	Mon. m : Bm
9.CJ.15a	Kapustinite	Na₆ZrSi₆O₁₆(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/m
9.CJ.15a	Townendite	Na₈ZrSi₆O₁₈	Trig. 3m (3 2/m) : R3m
9.CJ.25	Baratovite	KCa₇(Ti,Zr)₂Li₃Si₁₂O₃₆F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.25	Katayamalite	KLi₃Ca₇Ti₂(SiO₃)₁₂(OH)₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.25	Aleksandrovite	KCa₇Sn₂Li₃Si₁₂O₃₆F₂	Mon. 2/m : B2/b
9.CJ.30	Dioptase	CuSiO₃ · H₂O	Trig. 3 : R3
9.CJ.35	Kostylevite	K₂Zr(Si₃O₉) · H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/b
9.CJ.40	Petarasite	Na₅Zr₂(Si₆O₁₈)(Cl,OH) · 2H₂O	Mon. 2/m : P2₁/m
9.CJ.45	Gerenite-(Y)	(Ca,Na)₂(Y,REE)₃Si₆O₁₈ · 2H₂O	Tric. 1 : P1
9.CJ.50	Odintsovite	K₂Na₄Ca₃Ti₂Be₄Si₁₂O₃₈	Orth. mmm (2/m 2/m 2/m) : Fddd
9.CJ.55	Mathewrogersite	Pb₇FeAl₃GeSi₁₂O₃₆(OH,H₂O)₆	Trig.
9.CJ.60	Pezzottaite	Cs(Be₂Li)Al₂(Si₆O₁₈)	Trig. 3 : R3

Fluorescence of JohnkoivulaiteHide

In UV light:

none

Other InformationHide

Health Risks:

No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.

Internet Links for JohnkoivulaiteHide

mindat.org URL:

https://www.mindat.org/min-53764.html
Please feel free to link to this page.

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Raman and XRD data at RRUFF project

References and PDF downloads at RRUFF project

American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database

Handbook of Mineralogy page PDF

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References for JohnkoivulaiteHide

Reference List:

Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2019) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) NEWSLETTER 51. European Journal of Mineralogy, 31 (5-6) 1099-1104 doi:10.1127/ejm/2019/0031-2894

www.gia.edu (2021) https://www.gia.edu/gia-news-press/new-mineral-named-for-john-koivula?

(2023) Johnkoivulaite. Handbook of Mineralogy. Mineralogical Society of America

Diego Gatta, G, Ende, Martin, Miloš, Sofija, Rotiroti, Nicola, Palke, Aaron C, Miletich, Ronald (2024) High-pressure behavior and structural transition of beryl-type johnkoivulaite, Cs (Be2B) Mg2Si6O18. American Mineralogist, 109 (1) 15-23

Localities for JohnkoivulaiteHide

This map shows a selection of localities that have latitude and longitude coordinates recorded. Click on the

symbol to view information about a locality. The

symbol next to localities in the list can be used to jump to that position on the map.

Locality ListHide

- This locality has map coordinates listed.

- This locality has estimated coordinates. ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence. ? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.

- Good crystals or important locality for species.

- World class for species or very significant. (TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species. (FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties). ~~Struck out~~ - Mineral was erroneously reported from this locality. Faded * - Never found at this locality but inferred to have existed at some point in the past (e.g. from pseudomorphs).

All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.


Myanmar
Mandalay Region Pyin-Oo-Lwin District ⓘ Mogok Township	www.gia.edu (2021)
Pein-Pyit (Painpyit; Pyan Pyit) ⓘ Johnkoivulaite type locality (TL)	Miyawaki et al. (2019)

Johnkoivulaite