Umangite
A valid IMA mineral species - grandfathered
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About Umangite
Formula:
Cu3Se2
Colour:
Red, bluish red-black, iridescent violet-blue (tarnished)
Lustre:
Metallic
Hardness:
3
Specific Gravity:
6.44 - 6.49
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Member of:
Name:
Named after its supposed discovery locality, Sierra de Umango (Umango Mountains), Argentina, although in reality it does not occur there but came rather from a neighbouring range called the Sierra de Cacho (see also text in http://www.mindat.org/loc-146779.html).
Unique Identifiers
Mindat ID:
4090
Long-form identifier:
mindat:1:1:4090:3
GUID
(UUID V4):
(UUID V4):
4294e305-3cef-4af9-bb0b-e372ffbd4b8d
IMA Classification of Umangite
Approved, 'Grandfathered' (first described prior to 1959)
First published:
1891
Classification of Umangite
2.BA.25
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2 : SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulfantimonites, sulfbismuthites, etc.)
B : Metal Sulfides, M: S > 1: 1 (mainly 2: 1)
A : With Cu, Ag, Au
2.5.1.1
2 : SULFIDES
5 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 3:2
2 : SULFIDES
5 : AmBnXp, with (m+n):p = 3:2
3.1.11
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
3 : Sulphides, Selenides, Tellurides, Arsenides and Bismuthides (except the arsenides, antimonides and bismuthides of Cu, Ag and Au, which are included in Section 1)
1 : Sulphides etc. of Cu
Mineral Symbols
As of 2021 there are now IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols (abbreviations) for each mineral species, useful for tables and diagrams.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
Please only use the official IMA–CNMNC symbol. Older variants are listed for historical use only.
| Symbol | Source | Reference |
|---|---|---|
| Um | IMA–CNMNC | Warr, L.N. (2021). IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols. Mineralogical Magazine, 85(3), 291-320. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43 |
| Um | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) | The Canadian Mineralogist (2019) The Canadian Mineralogist list of symbols for rock- and ore-forming minerals (December 30, 2019). download |
Physical Properties of Umangite
Metallic
Transparency:
Opaque
Colour:
Red, bluish red-black, iridescent violet-blue (tarnished)
Streak:
Black
Hardness:
3 on Mohs scale
Hardness:
VHN100=88 - 100 kg/mm2 - Vickers
Tenacity:
Brittle
Cleavage:
Poor/Indistinct
poor, rectangular
poor, rectangular
Fracture:
Irregular/Uneven, Sub-Conchoidal
Density:
6.44 - 6.49 g/cm3 (Measured) 6.590 g/cm3 (Calculated)
Optical Data of Umangite
Anisotropism:
Very strong; fiery orange to straw-yellow with a rose tint.
Pleochroism:
Visible
Comments:
reddish purple to grayish blue.
Chemistry of Umangite
Mindat Formula:
Cu3Se2
Elements listed:
Common Impurities:
Ag
Crystallography of Umangite
Crystal System:
Tetragonal
Class (H-M):
4 2m - Scalenohedral
Space Group:
P4 21m
Cell Parameters:
a = 6.4024(5) Å, c = 4.2786(4) Å
Ratio:
a:c = 1 : 0.668
Unit Cell V:
175.38 ų (Calculated from Unit Cell)
Z:
2
Twinning:
Rarely lamellar
Crystal Structure
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Data courtesy of the American Mineralogist Crystal Structure Database. Click on an AMCSD ID to view structure
| ID | Species | Reference | Link | Year | Locality | Pressure (GPa) | Temp (K) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0009926 | Umangite | Milman V (2002) Klockmannite, CuSe: structure, properties and phase stability from ab initio modeling Acta Crystallographica B58 437-447 |  | 2002 | hypothetical structure calculated using DFT | 0 | 293 |
| 0012164 | Umangite | Heyding R D, Murray R M (1976) Crystal structures of Cu1.8Se, Cu3Se2, alpha- and gamma=CuSe, CuSe2, and CuSe2II Canadian Journal of Chemistry 54 841-848 | 1976 | Beaverlodge Region, Saskatchewan, Canada | 0 | 293 |
CIF Raw Data - click here to close
X-Ray Powder Diffraction
Powder Diffraction Data:
| d-spacing | Intensity |
|---|---|
| 3.559 Å | (100) |
| 1.829 Å | (90) |
| 1.778 Å | (80) |
| 3.108 Å | (70) |
| 2.258 Å | (70) |
| 3.202 Å | (60) |
| 1.908 Å | (50) |
Geological Environment
Paragenetic Mode(s):
| Paragenetic Mode | Earliest Age (Ga) |
|---|---|
| High-𝑇 alteration and/or metamorphism | |
| 33 : Minerals deposited by hydrothermal metal-rich fluids (see also [#12]) |
Type Occurrence of Umangite
Co-Type Localities:
Reference:
Klockmann, F. (1891) Mineralogische mittheilungen aus den sammlungen der Bergakademie zu Clausthal. Zeitschrift für Krystallographie und Mineralogie: 19: 265-275 (269).
Other Language Names for Umangite
Relationship of Umangite to other Species
Common Associates
Associated Minerals Based on Photo Data:
| 72 photos of Umangite associated with Clausthalite | PbSe |
| 62 photos of Umangite associated with Calcite | CaCO3 |
| 40 photos of Umangite associated with Klockmannite | CuSe |
| 33 photos of Umangite associated with Berzelianite | Cu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12) |
| 27 photos of Umangite associated with Chalcomenite | CuSeO3 · 2H2O |
| 21 photos of Umangite associated with Eucairite | AgCuSe |
| 18 photos of Umangite associated with Krut'aite | CuSe2 |
| 15 photos of Umangite associated with Malachite | Cu2(CO3)(OH)2 |
| 14 photos of Umangite associated with Penroseite | (Ni,Co,Cu)Se2 |
| 14 photos of Umangite associated with Petrovicite | Cu3HgPbBiSe5 |
Related Minerals - Strunz-mindat Grouping
| 2.BA. | Orileyite | (Fe,Cu)2As |
| 2.BA. | Alburnite | Ag8GeTe2S4 |
| 2.BA. | Dzierżanowskite | CaCu2S2 |
| 2.BA. | Makotoite | Ag12(Cu3Au)S8 |
| 2.BA. | Xuwenyuanite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
| 2.BA.05 | Chalcocite | Cu2S |
| 2.BA.05 | Djurleite | Cu31S16 |
| 2.BA.05 | Geerite | Cu8S5 |
| 2.BA.05 | Roxbyite | Cu9S5 |
| 2.BA.10 | Anilite | Cu7S4 |
| 2.BA.10 | Digenite | Cu9S5 |
| 2.BA.15 | Bornite | Cu5FeS4 |
| 2.BA.20 | Bellidoite | Cu2Se |
| 2.BA.20 | Berzelianite | Cu2-xSe (x ≈ 0.12) |
| 2.BA.25 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 |
| 2.BA.30 | Rickardite | Cu7Te5 |
| 2.BA.30 | Weissite | Cu2-xTe |
| 2.BA.35 | Acanthite | Ag2S |
| 2.BA.35 | Spryite | Ag8(As3+0.5As5+0.5)S6 |
| 2.BA.40 | Mckinstryite | Ag5-xCu3+xS4 |
| 2.BA.40 | Stromeyerite | AgCuS |
| 2.BA.40d | UM2003-13-S:AgAuCu | Ag6AuCu2S5 |
| 2.BA.42 | Honeaite | Au3TlTe2 |
| 2.BA.45 | Jalpaite | Ag3CuS2 |
| 2.BA.45 | Kurilite | Ag8Te3Se |
| 2.BA.45 | Selenojalpaite | Ag3CuSe2 |
| 2.BA.47 | Spiridonovite | (Cu1-xAgx)2Te |
| 2.BA.50 | Eucairite | AgCuSe |
| 2.BA.50 | Wuyanzhiite | Cu2S |
| 2.BA.52 | Argentite | Ag2S |
| 2.BA.55 | Aguilarite | Ag4SeS |
| 2.BA.55 | Naumannite | Ag2Se |
| 2.BA.60 | Cervelleite | Ag4TeS |
| 2.BA.60 | Hessite | Ag2Te |
| 2.BA.60 | Chenguodaite | Ag9Fe3+Te2S4 |
| 2.BA.65 | Henryite | (Cu,Ag)3+xTe2 , with x ~ 0.40 |
| 2.BA.65 | Stützite | Ag5-xTe3, x = 0.24-0.36 |
| 2.BA.70 | Argyrodite | Ag8GeS6 |
| 2.BA.70 | Canfieldite | Ag8SnS6 |
| 2.BA.70 | Putzite | (Cu4.7Ag3.3)GeS6 |
| 2.BA.75 | Fischesserite | Ag3AuSe2 |
| 2.BA.75 | Penzhinite | (Ag,Cu)4Au(S,Se)4 |
| 2.BA.75 | Petrovskaite | AuAgS |
| 2.BA.75 | Petzite | Ag3AuTe2 |
| 2.BA.75 | Uytenbogaardtite | Ag3AuS2 |
| 2.BA.80 | Bezsmertnovite | (Au,Ag)4Cu(Te,Pb) |
| 2.BA.80 | Bilibinskite | PbCu2Au3Te2 |
| 2.BA.80 | Bogdanovite | (Au,Te,Pb)3(Cu,Fe) |
Other Information
Health Risks:
No information on health risks for this material has been entered into the database. You should always treat mineral specimens with care.
Internet Links for Umangite
mindat.org URL:
https://www.mindat.org/min-4090.html
Please feel free to link to this page.
Please feel free to link to this page.
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References for Umangite
Localities for Umangite
symbol to view information about a locality.
The Locality List
- This locality has map coordinates listed.
- This locality has estimated coordinates.
ⓘ - Click for references and further information on this occurrence.
? - Indicates mineral may be doubtful at this locality.
- Good crystals or important locality for species.
- World class for species or very significant.
(TL) - Type Locality for a valid mineral species.
(FRL) - First Recorded Locality for everything else (eg varieties).
All localities listed without proper references should be considered as questionable.
Argentina | |
| Paar (1996) +1 other reference |
| M.K. de Brodtkorb (ed.) |
| Blasón et al. (Ed. E. O. Zappettini) | |
| Minerales de la Republica Argentina +1 other reference | |
| Paar et al. (2004) |
| Marquez-Zavalia et al. (2021) | |
| - (see note under Sierra de Umango) |
| Grundmann et al. (2018) | |
| de Brodtkorb et al. (2010) | |
| O. Kempff et al. (2009) +1 other reference | |
| DE BRODTKORB +2 other references |
| Milka K. de BRODTKORB and Sabrina CROSTA (2010) | |
| Grundmann et al. (2018) | |
| Milka K. de Brodtkorb (2002) +3 other references | |
| [Am Min 35 (1950) +1 other reference | |
| Recursos Minerales de la Republica ... +3 other references | |
| Sarp et al. (1987) |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +2 other references |
| Ahlfeld Friedrich and Angelelll ... +1 other reference |
Australia | |
| Sorrell (n.d.) |
| Nickel (2002) |
| Econ Geol (1997) |
Austria | |
| Postl et al. (1997) |
Bolivia | |
| USGS Bulletin # 1975 |
| doi:10.3390/min7050068 +2 other references |
Canada | |
| Miller A.: Uranium Geology of the ... +2 other references |
| GSC Report 39 |
| Sabina (2003) |
| Can Min 10:787-796 +1 other reference |
| J. Traill (1952) | |
| ROBINSON et al. (1952) |
| Collected and analyzed by Gunnar Farber. | |
| Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 10 (1972) +2 other references | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) |
| Stylianos Augustithis (1995) | |
China | |
| Yanjing Chen et al. (2007) |
| Zhao et al. (1999) | |
| Zhao et al. (1999) |
| Zhao et al. (1999) |
| Jingxian Li and Jiajun Liu (2014) |
| Zhi Li et al. (1973) +1 other reference |
Czech Republic | |
| Josef Vajdak (2008) +1 other reference |
| - (Pavel Škácha coll.) |
| Sejkora et al. (2012) +1 other reference |
| Sejkora et al. (2022) |
| Scharmová et al. (1995) |
| Strübel +2 other references |
| Šouba |
| Kvaček (1979) +1 other reference |
| Kvaček +1 other reference | |
| Vavřín +1 other reference |
| Kvaček (1979) +1 other reference | |
| Kvaček +1 other reference | |
| Vavřín (1994) | |
| Kvaček | |
DR Congo | |
| Gauthier et al. (1989) +1 other reference |
France | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
| Hohl: "Minéraux et Mines du Massif Vosgien" (Mulhouse) |
Germany | |
| Walenta (1992) |
| Walenta (1992) |
| DILL et al. (1986) +1 other reference |
| Dill et al. (2010) |
| Weiß (1990) +1 other reference |
| Zeit. Kryst. (1891) +2 other references |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Weiß (1990) |
| Heider (2014) |
| Schaarschmidt (2007) +1 other reference |
| Tischendorf (1969) +1 other reference |
| Förster (2004) +2 other references |
| American Mineralogist (1983) | |
| Forster et al. (2003) |
Greenland | |
| Anthony et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
Mexico | |
| Hoffmann (1968) +1 other reference |
| Moore et al. (2003) | |
| Thomas P. Moore (2008) | |
Middle East | |
| Vapnik et al. (2014) | |
Namibia | |
| Gebhard (1999) |
Poland | |
| Mochnacka K. 1971: Okruszcowanie w Kowarach (Dolny Śląsk) +1 other reference |
| Pringle et al. (1980) +3 other references |
Russia | |
| www.igem.ru (2001) +1 other reference |
Sweden | |
| Econ Geol (1997) +2 other references |
UK | |
| Stanley et al. (1990) +1 other reference |
USA | |
| Eckel et al. (1997) |
| Ramdohr (1969) |
| Valentine et al. (1960) +2 other references |
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Clara Mine, Oberwolfach, Ortenaukreis, Freiburg Region, Baden-Württemberg, Germany