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Identity HelpChannel dredging heap in Santa Rosa, California, Franciscan formation

7th Mar 2024 01:42 UTCPaul Hernday

00492770017097748332136.jpg
At first glance it appears to have big, greenish-black inclusions in a light tan matrix, but maybe it's chrysotile that's formed on and within the rock? I'd like to know what this rock is called, and especially how it was formed. Thanks for any ID help. I found a few other rocks that have a similar look. One of them has this same look but with pink instead of tan. 

Questions Answered
Can it scratch glass? : No
Can you scratch it with your fingernail? : No
Is it light/heavy for the size? : Normal

7th Mar 2024 01:50 UTCPaul Hernday

00695610017097762034730.jpg
This is the other rock I referred to, that has a bit of a pinkish or orangish tan color, but otherwise the same hardness and density. 

7th Mar 2024 02:34 UTCTed Hadley

Serpentinite = rock type containing serpentine group minerals. Chrysotile is one such mineral. Another common one is antigorite. This is typical of the Franciscan formation.

It is formed by low temperature - high pressure alteration of olivine (lherzolite-dunite) and olivine rich basalt usually deep within the subduction zone where one tectonic plate dives under another at a continental margin.

7th Mar 2024 05:16 UTCPaul Hernday

Thanks! Is the chrysotile usually present inside a rock like this, as well as on the surface? And does the presence of chrysotile make the rock more likely to split along those 'surfaces'? An are you thinking the greenish black material is largely antigorite, and that it makes up most of this rock, rather than just being inclusions embedded in something else? 

7th Mar 2024 20:56 UTCTed Hadley

Yes, all three (other is lizardite) serpentine group minerals occur together.

My experience is that serpentinite rock splits where it wants. The combination of being relatively soft, having no internal bedding structure, and having formed under very high pressure makes breaking random, and usually not where you want.

The rock is a mix of lots of things, including magnetite, clinochlore, garnets, etc. The colors do not necessarily indicate anything in particular.

8th Mar 2024 00:32 UTCPaul Hernday

Thanks Ted.

25th Mar 2024 21:50 UTCPaul Hernday

Hi Ted, could I pick your brain a bit more about this rock? I've searched online for images anything like these two with no luck. I've also looked for the ways chrysotile and the other asbestos forms look in rocks, again no luck. The reason I'm so keen on  learning what this is, is that I've found at least 6 such pieces, not all this big, and they all have these characteristics in common: 1) barely concealed black bulges of rock 2) almost 'wrapped' the light tan or orangish tan partial covering 3)  high magnetic susceptibility at the dark bulges, 4) no fizz with 10% HCl, and 5) neither black nor tan material scratches glass. I wondered if the tan material might be vein-parallel form of chrysotile. but I haven't got the magnification to tell if it has fibers at all, cross-vein or parallel. I found a a smaller sample yesterday and cracked it open, and as expected the tan stuff was also inside the rock on a few surfaces and in a few spots it was continuous from external to internal. Were you thinking that tan stuff is chrysotile? Any other possibilities?   Let me know if this sort of detailed question is out of line in mindat discussions, I'm new to the platform. Thanks!
'

25th Mar 2024 21:57 UTCPaul Hernday

Forgot to mention that the inside of the cracked open sample looked serpentine as you said, with some areas of serpentine green, otherwise very dark like serpentine that has lots of magnetite, and very curved fracture surfaces.  

29th Mar 2024 05:19 UTCPaul Hernday

05131670017116889487566.jpg
Hi Ted,
Regarding the tan coating of serpentine rocks that I mentioned above, I've been scouring the web for it, and found this image, in which the upper  third of the rocks have that same color coating. Maybe just different kind of rock, though. I've found more samples of serpentine-ish rock in Santa Rosa creek beds, small through huge in size, all with this sort of coating. The question of what this coating is, has really got my attention. I cracked open a small sample and noticed that the tan material is also inside as thin coatings or veins. But not the classic parallel strands of  chrysotile, possibly another configuration, and possibly weathered. Can you connect me with anyone who might share this interest, to figure out what that material is? My next step is to scrape a bit of it off and look at it under 40x - 100x microscope and see if it has a stranded nature. Thanks - Paul

29th Mar 2024 11:50 UTCBen Grguric Expert

Could equally be an actinolite-rich amphibolite or similar e.g. amphibolite formed by metamorphism of a gabbro or similar. Not easy to see by the photo but the somewhat sheaf-like or radiating habit of the darker mineral would be more consistent with an amphibole like actinolite rather than a serpentine. 
You need to make your microscope into a polarising one, see page 187 in Donald Peck's book on mineral identification. You can then do some simple optical tests on fragments of the fibres. 

29th Mar 2024 18:05 UTCPaul Hernday

Thanks Ben. By the way, the black areas of the two photos at the top of the thread are strongly magnetic. Magnet goes right to them, selectively. Does that make amphibolite less likely?

29th Mar 2024 21:04 UTCBen Grguric Expert

No, not necessarily. Gabbros and related rocks often have significant magnetite and ilmenite and often as coarse grains. Ilmenite can be partially or completely altered to titanite.
 
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